Golden Alga Workshop Summary Report - Texas Parks & Wildlife ...

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Golden Alga Workshop Preface & Agenda The Golden Alga Workshop was organized to bring together stakeholders and regional, national, and international experts to discuss the state of knowledge on this toxic alga, the information lacking for understanding the alga, and important actions or projects needed to develop management options for this alga. This information will be used by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department in decisions for implementing and funding projects to develop management strategies for Texas. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Golden Alga Task Force developed, organized, and coordinated the workshop. The workshop took place at the Holiday Inn – North in Fort Worth, Texas on October 24-25, 2003. The workshop was facilitated by Group Solutions, Inc. Funding for the workshop came from several sources. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided federal aid funding for projects relating to this workshop, mainly through a State Wildlife Grant (T-14-P). The Brazos River Authority, Lower Colorado River Authority, and Texas Chapter of the American Fisheries Society sponsored this workshop through funding or services provided. Copies of the workshop report (on CD or hardcopy) can be obtained by requesting the document ACTS-2004-001 from: Aquatic Conservation Branch Resource Protection Division Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 4200 Smith School Road Austin, Texas 78744 PWD RP T3200-1203
Golden Alga Workshop Agenda October 24 & 25, 2003 Friday, October 24, 2003 9:00 AM Larry McKinney - Welcome and a perspective on Texas algal blooms 9:30 AM Joan Glass - Historical review of golden alga (Prymnesium parvum) problems in Texas 9:45 AM Greg Southard - Overview of Texas hatchery management of golden alga, Prymnesium parvum 10:00 AM Break 10:30 AM Bente Edvardsen and Aud Larsen- Phylogeny, life history, autecology and toxicity of Prymnesium parvum 11:00 AM Carmelo R. Tomas - Prymnesium parvum - an overview and questions 11:30 AM Richard L. Kiesling - Analysis of Prymnesium parvum blooms in Lake Whitney, Texas 12:00 PM Lunch 1:15 PM Edna Graneli - Kill your enemies and eat them: the role of Prymnesium toxins 1:45 PM Paul Kugrens - Prymnesium parvum laboratory studies: structure, reproduction, salinity tolerance and bioassay 2:15 PM Linda Medlin, Gundula Ellers, Kerstin Toebe, and Katja Kerkmann - Rapid tests for the detection of Prymnesium parvum and its toxins 3:00 PM Break 3:30 PM Donald M. Anderson and Mario R. Sengco - Bloom control strategies for harmful algal blooms PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 1: Golden Alga (Prymnesium parvum) Wor
Page 5 and 6: Golden Alga Workshop Table of Conte
Page 7 and 8: Golden Alga Workshop Background Inf
Page 9 and 10: The TPWD “GOLD” Team Technical
Page 11 and 12: While There Is Much We Do Not Know
Page 13 and 14: Detection Early Simple Basic Resear
Page 15 and 16: Historical Review of Golden Alga (P
Page 17 and 18: Prymnesium parvum PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 19 and 20: Prymnesium parvum in Texas: 28 eve
Page 21 and 22: Five Texas River Basins Impacted C
Page 23 and 24: Number and Value of Fish Killed 198
Page 25 and 26: 1 1 5 5 6 6 14 13 15 12 14 13 15 12
Page 27 and 28: Month Golden Alga Fish Kills Began
Page 29 and 30: Number of Fish Killed Brazos Basin
Page 31 and 32: We Want to Solve the Problem Factor
Page 33 and 34: What We Have Done - continued Repor
Page 35 and 36: Special Thanks To The Following: We
Page 37 and 38: Overview of Texas Hatchery Manageme
Page 39 and 40: Dundee State Fish Hatchery • Febr
Page 41 and 42: Dundee State Fish Hatchery • Caus
Page 43 and 44: TPWD Inland Fisheries P. parvum Tas
Page 45 and 46: TPWD Inland Fisheries P. parvum Tas
Page 47 and 48: Monitoring P. parvum densities •
Page 49 and 50: Monitoring Toxin Levels • Bioassa
Page 51 and 52: Monitoring of P. parvum • Needs -
Page 53 and 54:
Physical Treatments Χ Sonication (
Page 55 and 56:
Χ X Chemical Treatments Hydrogen p
Page 57 and 58:
Treatments - Chemical • Ammonium
Page 59 and 60:
Treatments - Chemical • Cutrine
Page 61 and 62:
Achievements • Development of hat
Page 63 and 64:
TPWD Inland Fisheries P. parvum Tas
Page 65 and 66:
Phylogeny, life history, autecology
Page 67 and 68:
Overview • morphology - what it l
Page 69 and 70:
Morphology of P. parvum haptonema f
Page 71 and 72:
Prymnesium species Species Habitat
Page 73 and 74:
Haplo-diploid life cycle P. parvum
Page 75 and 76:
Life cycle: mating experiment 2n +
Page 77 and 78:
Possible life cycle for P. parvum H
Page 79 and 80:
Optimum and tolerance for growth Pa
Page 81 and 82:
Mixotrophy • P. parvum can ingest
Page 83 and 84:
Toxins • proteolipids (Ulizur & S
Page 85 and 86:
Occurrence of harmful Typical habit
Page 87 and 88:
What can be done? • Establish a m
Page 89 and 90:
Prymnesium parvum: An overview and
Page 91 and 92:
Presently recognized Prymnesium spe
Page 93 and 94:
Bloom History • Within a decade o
Page 95 and 96:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 97 and 98:
Dying Shad - Texas - courtesy of C.
Page 99 and 100:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 101 and 102:
Dead fish at a dam site in Texas -
Page 103 and 104:
Fish showing hemmoragic areas from
Page 105 and 106:
Toxins: (Lethal Cocktail) There is
Page 107 and 108:
How easily can they be identified f
Page 109 and 110:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Body Scales of P.
Page 111 and 112:
Fluorescent labeled P. parvum cell
Page 113 and 114:
Priorities: Cells: • accurate and
Page 115 and 116:
Analysis of Prymnesium parvum bloom
Page 117 and 118:
Overview • Questions Identified b
Page 119 and 120:
Approach - proposed studies • Syn
Page 121 and 122:
Lake Whitney Stations Site P11 Site
Page 123 and 124:
80000 Lake Whitney 2003 P. parvum a
Page 125 and 126:
Feb-April 2003 Lake Whitney: surfac
Page 127 and 128:
Lake Bioassay Methods • Acclimate
Page 129 and 130:
Lake Whitney Bioassay Sites Site P1
Page 131 and 132:
Lake Whitney Nutrient Bioassay 4/29
Page 133 and 134:
Original Questions • What factors
Page 135 and 136:
Next steps? • Continue paired-res
Page 137 and 138:
DY III Media Stock Addtions Nutrien
Page 139 and 140:
Kill your enemies and eat them: the
Page 141 and 142:
5 µm Killed salmons in aquaculture
Page 143 and 144:
When will the first dead bathing gu
Page 145 and 146:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 147 and 148:
Toxicity in Chrysochromulina polyle
Page 149 and 150:
HE 50 (10 6 cells ml -1 ) Prymnesiu
Page 151 and 152:
Effect of increasing P-deficent P.
Page 153 and 154:
Ichthyotoxic species Prymnesin-2 H
Page 155 and 156:
☺ Before PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 157 and 158:
Effect of Prymnesium parvum filtrat
Page 159 and 160:
Skovgaard and Hansen, 2003, L & O,
Page 161 and 162:
Ciliates Flagellates Diatoms cell l
Page 163 and 164:
Low Prymnesium parvum cell numbers
Page 165 and 166:
6 Bacterivory in P. parvum Ingested
Page 167 and 168:
P. parvum phagotrophy (prey ingesti
Page 169 and 170:
% P. parvum feeding cells and lysed
Page 171 and 172:
Skovgaard and Hansen, 2003, L & O,
Page 173 and 174:
Oxyrrhis marina cell lysis in the p
Page 175 and 176:
Ingestion of Oxyrrhis after 2 and 6
Page 177 and 178:
P-deficient P. parvum ingesting blo
Page 179 and 180:
Conclusions •Toxicity is the key
Page 181 and 182:
C. helgolandicus pellets •Picture
Page 183 and 184:
Laboratory Studies on Prymnesium -
Page 185 and 186:
News Release • May 28, 2002 - mas
Page 187 and 188:
Fish Kill at Prewitt Reservoir PWD
Page 189 and 190:
Pelicans putative of transport agen
Page 191 and 192:
Objectives of this Presentation •
Page 193 and 194:
Prymnesium Strains in Culture • U
Page 195 and 196:
Structure of Prymnesium PWD RP T320
Page 197 and 198:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 199 and 200:
Scales Haptonema PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 201 and 202:
Cyst Formation • A variety of con
Page 203 and 204:
Growth Observations 0n Prymnesium s
Page 205 and 206:
Prymnesium Twin Buttes Lake, Wyomin
Page 207 and 208:
Hemolytic Bioassay Procedures • 5
Page 209 and 210:
Hemolysis Bioassay • Alga Medium
Page 211 and 212:
Mixotrophy Studies • Several phyt
Page 213 and 214:
Chloroplast Endoplasmic Reticulum N
Page 215 and 216:
Adaptive Advantage of Chloroplast E
Page 217 and 218:
10 µm Kathablepharis sp. Courtesy
Page 219 and 220:
Chrysochromulina parva Long, uncoil
Page 221 and 222:
Ingested Chrysochromulina & some ba
Page 223 and 224:
Return to Prewitt • Prymnesium pa
Page 225 and 226:
Prewitt Reservoir Fact • Five day
Page 227 and 228:
Prewitt Reservoir Explanation • P
Page 229 and 230:
Prewitt Mystery Solved? • Campylo
Page 231 and 232:
Future Prymnesium Problems in Wyomi
Page 233 and 234:
Rapid Tests for the Detection of Pr
Page 235 and 236:
Why rRNA probes? * universally foun
Page 237 and 238:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 239 and 240:
EUK 1209R CHLO 02 PRYM 02 PELA 01 P
Page 241 and 242:
Change from PFA to ETOH Saline Chan
Page 243 and 244:
Analysis of Alexandrium strains fro
Page 245 and 246:
PWD RP T3200-1203
Page 247 and 248:
Harmful Algal Blooms Noctiluca Kare
Page 249 and 250:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Coccolithus pelag
Page 251 and 252:
Application & detection methods for
Page 253 and 254:
Conclusions • Specific probes cou
Page 255 and 256:
1. ChemScanRDI, a laser based syste
Page 257 and 258:
ChemScanRDI combines fluorescent ce
Page 259 and 260:
Electrochemical detection of toxic
Page 261 and 262:
Electrochemical Detection of rRNA f
Page 263 and 264:
Comparison of cell counts with elec
Page 265 and 266:
Long term stability of treated sens
Page 267 and 268:
Development of DNA-microarrays for
Page 269 and 270:
Scheme of a DNA-Chip Experiment Flu
Page 271 and 272:
Monitoring Phytoplankton compositio
Page 273 and 274:
EUK 1209 CHLO01 Localization of the
Page 275 and 276:
Identification of Phytoplankton on
Page 277 and 278:
DNA CHIP Clone librairy Dec 2000 1
Page 279 and 280:
Research Needs • Monitoring of to
Page 281 and 282:
Rapid Tests for the Detection of Ha
Page 283 and 284:
abs. units 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 y =
Page 285 and 286:
Prymnesium parvumRL10 % lysis 100 8
Page 287 and 288:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Allelochemical ef
Page 289 and 290:
Controlling Harmful Algal Blooms Do
Page 291 and 292:
Management of harmful algae • Pre
Page 293 and 294:
Chemical control of freshwater alga
Page 295 and 296:
•This (small) reservoir had a lon
Page 297 and 298:
Chemical flocculants - Phosphorus C
Page 299 and 300:
PWD RP T3200-1203 from: River Scien
Page 301 and 302:
Biological Control - Viruses Aureoc
Page 303 and 304:
Viruses for HAB species Target spec
Page 305 and 306:
Biological Control - Bacterial path
Page 307 and 308:
Biological Control - Grazers Target
Page 309 and 310:
Clay control of HAB species clay mi
Page 311 and 312:
Variable removal ability of domesti
Page 313 and 314:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Source: Sengco et
Page 315 and 316:
Flume studies, WHOI PWD RP T3200-12
Page 317 and 318:
Brevetoxin analysis cell concentrat
Page 319 and 320:
Impacts - Benthic fauna Archambault
Page 321 and 322:
Future directions: Cell removal, se
Page 323 and 324:
When the cells reached exponential
Page 325 and 326:
Conclusions Kalmar Experiments Phos
Page 327 and 328:
Experiments at Woods Hole (in colla
Page 329 and 330:
Recent work in Kalmar (data from J.
Page 331 and 332:
Conclusions - control of Prymnesium
Page 333 and 334:
A review of fish-killing microalgae
Page 335 and 336:
Toxic/harmful microalgae • dinofl
Page 337 and 338:
PWD RP T3200-1203 Fish kills
Page 339 and 340:
Ichthyotoxic species • Karenia br
Page 341 and 342:
FMRI,FWC Exposure routes • gills
Page 343 and 344:
Gymnodinium pulchellum (brevetoxins
Page 345 and 346:
Reef fish disease - Caribbean, Flor
Page 347 and 348:
Diatoms • physical damage to gill
Page 349 and 350:
Aquaculture in Israel and Prymnesiu
Page 351 and 352:
Prymnesium parvum from Israel PWD R
Page 353 and 354:
Prymnesium parvum blooms in Israel
Page 355 and 356:
From Sarig 1971 Prymnesium parvum t
Page 357 and 358:
From Sarig 1971 Mode of toxin actio
Page 359 and 360:
Fish bioassay • dependence of tox
Page 361 and 362:
Relationship # toxin concentration
Page 363 and 364:
From Sarig 1971 Management of Prymn
Page 365 and 366:
Management strategies • prevent b
Page 367 and 368:
How to Use the Past to Plan for the
Page 369 and 370:
How can studies on other harmful al
Page 371 and 372:
Task Force report identified 7 HAB
Page 373 and 374:
A 5-year federal, state, academic,
Page 375 and 376:
ECONOMIC IMPACT In the 1970s, two r
Page 377 and 378:
What is Needed Based on What is Kno
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Golden Alga Workshop Notes: Present
Page 385 and 386:
facilities was a problem in North C
Page 387 and 388:
Korean fisheries are a $1 billion i
Page 389 and 390:
Friday October 24, 2003 Panel Discu
Page 391 and 392:
• Design a sampling program with
Page 393 and 394:
What are your recommendations for i
Page 395 and 396:
• Rapid progress is made where th
Page 397 and 398:
• Maintain a Golden Alga web site
Page 399 and 400:
ChemScanRDI (a laser based system t
Page 401 and 402:
• DNA-microarrays for monitoring
Page 403 and 404:
• Reliable economic statistics fo
Page 405 and 406:
• Be proactive; get messages out
Page 407 and 408:
Golden Alga Workshop Attendees Firs
Page 409 and 410:
Golden Alga Workshop Attendees, con
Page 411 and 412:
Literature Review of the Microalga
Page 413 and 414:
Oued Mellah Reservoir in Morocco oc
Page 415 and 416:
the metal ions Fe, Zn, Mo, Cu or Co
Page 417 and 418:
with the ability to utilize organic
Page 419 and 420:
Figure 1. Prymnesin-1 (1) and Prymn
Page 421 and 422:
Temperature Shilo and Ashner (1953)
Page 423 and 424:
Glycerol Glycerol was found to incr
Page 425 and 426:
since it seems that nitrogen and ph
Page 427 and 428:
(Haptophyta) in semi-continuous cul
Page 429:
Ulitzer, S. and M. Shilo. 1966. Mod
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