Vol. 1 part 2 - Species Plantarum Programme

CHRYSOBALANACEAE (Parinari)
Parinari laxiflora Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 44 (1922), as Parinarium laxiflorum. T: Brazil
North: Amazonas, A.Ducke RB11051; lecto: RB, designated here; isolecto: K, P, US.
Parinari nalaensis De Wild., Pl. Bequaert. 5: 289 (1931), as Parinarium nalaense. T: Zaire: Nala, Boone
46; holo: BR.
Parinari laxiflora var. lata Ducke, Arq. Inst. Biol. Veg. 2: 33 (1935), as Parinarium laxiflorum var. latum.
T: Brazil North: Amazonas, Manaus, A.Ducke RB 24181; holo: RB; iso: NY, P.
Parinari sylvestris M.Kuhlm., Loefgrenia 13: 1 (1964). T: Brazil Southeast: São Paulo, Paranapiacaba,
Estação Biológica, J.G.Kuhlmann 2736; holo: SP; iso: SPF.
Parinari amazonica Mart. ex Hook.f., in C.F.P.Martius, Fl. Bras. 14(2): 52 (1867), nom. inval. in synon., as
Parinarium amazonicum; Ferolia amazonica (Mart. ex Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891), nom. inval.
Parinari holstii var. longifolia Engl. ex De Wild., Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat 4: 80 (1914), nom. nud., as Parinarium
holstii var. longifolium.
Illustrations: J.D.Hooker, in C.F.P.Martius, Fl. Bras. 14(2), t. 18(2) (1867); F. White, Fl. Zamb. 4: 39 (1978);
R.Letouzey & F.White, Fl. Cameroun 20 (Fl. Gabon 24): 131 (1978); G.T.Prance, Fl. Venez. Guayana 4: 244
(1998).
Map: F.White, Distrib. Pl. African. 10: 334 (1976); G.T.Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 9S: 196 (1989).
Tree to 40 m tall; trunk often buttressed. Branches sparsely pubescent when young, becoming
glabrous with age. Leaves with stipules c. 1 mm long, caducous; petioles 3–7 mm long,
pubescent when young, with 2 sessile medial glands (often becoming inconspicuous with
age), terete; lamina ovate to oblong-elliptic 3–9 × 1.5–5 cm, with acumen 2–10 mm long,
rounded to cuneate at base, glabrous above, tomentose and with stomatal cavities beneath;
primary veins 13–20 pairs, plane above, prominent beneath; midrib plane to prominulous
above, glabrous. Inflorescences terminal rather lax panicles; rachis and branches with light
brown to rufous pubescence. Receptacle subcampanulate-turbinate, tomentose on exterior,
pedicels 1–2 mm long. Petals 5, white, shorter than calyx lobes. Stamens 7 fertile, unilateral,
with 7 or 8 short filamentous staminodes opposite them. Ovary and base of style pilose. Fruit
ellipsoid, 2.5–4 × 1.8–2.5 cm; epicarp densely verrucose; mesocarp thin and fleshy; endocarp
hard and thick, with exterior granular, fibrous and slightly ridged, densely lanate within.
From Amazonian Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and E Venezuela through the Guianas and
Amazonian Brazil to E-C and S Brazil; in Africa throughout most of the rainforests of the
Guineo-Congolian region but absent from the wettest parts; also widely distributed on the
mountains of tropical Africa and in the northern part of the Zambezian region. 22: GAM,
GHA, GNB, GUI, IVO, LBR, NGA, SEN, SIE. 23: BUR, CAF, CMN, CON, GAB, RWA,
ZAI. 24: SUD. 25: TAN, UGA. 26: ANG, MLW, MOZ, ZAM. 80: COS. 82: FRG, GUY,
SUR, VEN. 83: BOL, CLM, PER. 84: BZL (ES, MG, RJ, SP), BZN (AM, AP, PA, RO, RR),
BZE (BA, MA), BZC (MT), BZS (SC). Non-flooded forest in neotropical regions and
afromontane rainforest, lowland and upland rainforest, dry evergreen forest and well-drained
fringing forest in Africa. Maps 295a and 295b.
22. GUINEA: Timbo, C.H.O.Pobéguin 160 (BR, FHO, P). 24. SUDAN: Aloma Plateau, SW of Iwatoku,
A.C.Hoyle 822 (FHO). 25. UGANDA: Kalinzu Forest, B.T.Styles 182 (FHO, K). 26. ANGOLA: Zombo,
M.T.Dawe 122 (K). ZAMBIA: Lake Bangweulu, Samfya, A.Angus 337 (BR, FHO, K). 82. VENEZUELA:
Amazonas, Dept. Atabapo, L.Delgado 549 (K, PORT). 83. BOLIVIA: Dept. Santa Cruz, Velasco Prov. R. F.
Bajo Paraguá, Estancia El Puente, J.Killeen et al. 7659 (K, MO, USZ). COLOMBIA: Vichada, P. N. Natural
El Tuparro, 20 km NNE of El Tapón, J.L.Zarucchi & C.E.Barbosa 3773 (MO, NY, US). 84. BRAZIL
NORTH: Roraima, Rio Branco, Paraná do Marará, M.R.Santos 166 (MG, NY). BRAZIL SOUTHEAST: São
Paulo, Iguape, Est. Ecológica Juréia-Itatins, S.Aragaki et al. 11 (K, SP).
In Africa the fruit are eaten, but are not as flavourful as P. curatellifolia. Also used for its
medicinal properties.
39. Parinari costata (Korth.) Blume, Mélanges Bot. 2: 10 (1854), as Parinarium costatum
Lepidocarpa costata Korth., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 3: 387 (1854); Ferolia costata (Korth.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen.
Pl. 1: 216 (1891). T: Sumatera, without locality, P.W.Korthals s.n.; holo: L; iso: U.
Illustration: A.J.G.H.Kostermans, Reinwardtia 7: 210 (1965).
Map: G.T.Prance, Fl. Males. Ser. 1, 10(4): 664 (1988).
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