ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT BARDOLINO DEVELOPMENT

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Bardolino Development Environmental Statement The centre of distribution of lemon sole is in the coastal waters off northern Scotland and the Orkney and Shetland Islands, but they are also found off the eastern coast of England and throughout the central and northern North Sea. There do not appear to be seasonal differences in distribution, and the species as a whole probably does not undertake extensive migrations (CEFAS, 2001b). Little is known about the spawning habits of lemon sole and it is thought to spawn everywhere it is found (Figure 4.8). Off the Scottish east coast the spawning season extends from April to September (CEFAS, 2001b). Figure 4.8 Spawning areas for lemon sole, mackerel, Nephrops, and Norway pout in the vicinity of the Bardolino development Source: Coull et al. (1998) Norway pout are generally found in waters 80 m to 200 m deep with sandy and muddy substrates, but they also occur in waters up to 450 m deep in the Norwegian Deep. Spawning usually takes place between January and April on the continental shelf, with the period of most intense activity during February and March. In deeper parts of the northern North Sea spawning occurs slightly later, between March and May, and may extend into early summer. The precise location of spawning areas is not well understood, but most spawning activity appears to be restricted to waters within the depth range of 50 to 200 m (Figure 4.8). Norway pout are not generally considered to have specific nursery grounds, but pelagic 0group fish remain widely dispersed in the northern North Sea close to spawning grounds (CEFAS, 2001b). Page 4-26 April 2008
Bardolino Development Environmental Statement Figure 4.9 Nursery areas for blue whiting, haddock, Nephrops and Norway pout in the vicinity of the Bardolino development Source: Coull et al. (1998) 4.4.4 Marine mammals Marine mammals include whales, dolphins and porpoises (cetaceans), and seals (pinnipeds). They may be vulnerable to the effects of oil and gas activities and can be impacted by noise, contaminants, oil spills and any effects on prey availability (SMRU, 2001). The abundance and availability of prey, including plankton (Section 4.4.1) and fish (Section 4.4.3), can be of prime importance in determining the reproductive success or failure of marine mammals. Changes in the availability of principal prey species may be expected to result in population level changes of marine mammals but it is currently not possible to predict the extent of any such changes (SMRU, 2001). Cetaceans Most whales and dolphins range widely, and there are no species which are exclusively British. About 16 of the 80 known species of cetacean can be seen off the British coast (SMRU, 2006). These include large baleen whales such as fin, sei and humpback whales, and the largest toothed whale, the sperm whale (SMRU, 2006). Medium-sized whales are represented by the pilot and killer whales, while small species include Risso’s, white-sided, white-beaked, common and striped dolphins as well as the harbour porpoise and bottlenose dolphin (Reid et al., 2003; SMRU, 2006). Cetaceans are widely distributed in UK waters and are recorded throughout the year (Reid et al., 2003; Stone 2003a; UKDMAP, 1998). Cetacean distribution may be influenced by variable natural factors such as water masses, fronts, eddies, upwellings, currents, water temperature, salinity and length of day. A major April 2008 Page 4-27
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13 th March 2008 Dear Sir or Madam,
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To: Paul Wood Shell U.K Limited, Se
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What risks to marine mammals do pil
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Noise propagation modelling. Noise
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If, for any reason, piling operatio
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APPPENDIX 1 MARINE MAMMAL RECORDING
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ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT BARDOLINO DEVELOPMENT

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