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5.2.6 Calculating Lyapunov Exponents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73<br />

5.3 Stationarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74<br />

5.4 Short review <strong>of</strong> Chaos <strong>analysis</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>EEG</strong> <strong>signals</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75<br />

5.4.1 Correlation Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75<br />

5.4.2 Lyapunov Exponents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77<br />

5.5 Application to scalp recorded <strong>EEG</strong>s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79<br />

5.5.1 Material <strong>and</strong> Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79<br />

5.5.2 Results <strong>and</strong> Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79<br />

5.6 Application to intracranially recorded tonic-clonic seizures . . . . . . . . 82<br />

5.6.1 Material <strong>and</strong> Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82<br />

5.6.2 Results <strong>and</strong> Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82<br />

5.7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84<br />

6 Wavelet-entropy 86<br />

6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86<br />

6.2 Theoretical Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88<br />

6.3 Application to visual event-related potentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89<br />

6.3.1 Methods <strong>and</strong> Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89<br />

Statistical <strong>analysis</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90<br />

6.3.2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90<br />

6.3.3 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94<br />

6.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99<br />

7 General Discussion 101<br />

7.1 Physiological considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101<br />

7.1.1 Dynamics <strong>of</strong> Gr<strong>and</strong> Mal seizures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101<br />

7.1.2 Event-related responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102<br />

7.1.3 Are <strong>EEG</strong> <strong>signals</strong> chaos or noise? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103<br />

7.2 Comparison <strong>of</strong> the <strong>methods</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104<br />

7.2.1 Fourier Transform vs. Gabor Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104<br />

7.2.2 Gabor Transform vs. Wavelet Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105<br />

7.2.3 Wavelet Transform vs. conventional digital ltering . . . . . . . . 107<br />

7.2.4 Chaos <strong>analysis</strong> vs. time-<strong>frequency</strong> <strong>methods</strong> (Gabor, Wavelets) . . 108<br />

7.2.5 Wavelet-entropy vs. <strong>frequency</strong> <strong>analysis</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108<br />

7.2.6 Wavelet-Entropy vs. Chaos <strong>analysis</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109<br />

Conclusion 110<br />

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