INVESTING IN TREES AND LANDSCAPE ... - PROFOR

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ANNEX II. INVESTOR TYPES IDEAL TYPE MODEL EXAMPLE Value investors Debt, bonds, and securities • Banks (domestic and international) • Pension funds • Sovereign wealth funds Equity in commercial enterprises • Foundations and endowment funds • Equity funds (retail or private) • Socially responsible investors • Venture Capital for Sustainability (VC4S) • Sovereign wealth funds • High net worth individuals • Local entrepreneurs • Returning émigrés Co-investment Carbon REDD+ • Multilateral investment institutions (e.g., International Finance Corporation, Global Environment Facility) • Multilateral financial institutions (e.g., World Bank Forest Carbon Partnership Facility) • Carbon offset funds and brokers • Socially responsible investors • High net worth individuals • Hedge funds Direct ownership of forests • Real estate investment trusts • Timber investment management organizations • Carbon offset funds and brokers • High net worth individuals Insurance and derivatives • Hedge funds • Specialist insurers (e.g., GuarantCo, ForestRe) • Multilateral financial institutions (e.g., World Bank Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency) Social investors Soft loans, microcredit • NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors • Philanthropists Grants • NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors • Philanthropists Equity in commercial enterprises • Foundations and endowment funds • Socially responsible investors • High net worth individuals • NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors Carbon REDD+ • Multilateral financial institutions (e.g., World Bank Forest Investment Programme) • Socially responsible investors • High net worth individuals Conservation investors Grants • Conservation NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors Equity in commercial enterprises • Foundations and endowment funds • Socially responsible investors • NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors • Philanthropists Conservation trust funds • Foundations and endowment funds Carbon REDD+ • Socially responsible investors • NGOs, bilateral and multilateral donors • Philanthropists ANNEXES 115
ANNEX III. INVESTMENT FORUM: MOBILIZING PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN TREES AND LANDSCAPE RESTORATION IN AFRICA— SUMMARY OF FORUM PROCEEDINGS Introduction Historically, both public and private sector investments in the forest sector in Sub-Saharan Africa have fallen short of their potential for generating income, mobilizing rural economic development, reducing poverty, increasing food security, and protecting and restoring the environment. This is in spite of the fact that Africa has possibly the greatest potential for investment in this sector. The primary objective of the Investment Forum held at the World Agroforestry Centre in Nairobi, Kenya, May 25–27, 2011, was to explore the potential for private sector investment in tree-based production, marketing, and processing opportunities for bringing about landscape restoration in key African countries. These investments would help countries achieve the “triple wins” of increasing rural incomes, making yields more resilient in the face of climate extremes, and making agriculture a solution to the climate change problem rather than part of the problem. The forum was an outcome of the Hague Conference on Agriculture, Food Security, and Climate Change and an important milestone leading up to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) talks in Durban in December 2011. It was the result of a close collaboration between the World Bank, PROFOR, the World Agroforestry Centre, IUCN, EcoAgriculture Partners and TerrAfrica. The forum brought together about 100 participants: representatives of private sector financial institutions, forest and agribusiness companies, local communities, national forest associations, high-level national government policy leaders, research institutions, and development partners. Participants worked to identify immediate investment opportunities, the main constraints to investment, and policy and institutional reforms needed to overcome those constraints. The forum was structured around four sessions—three based on the background papers published in this volume and a session on private sector perspectives. These sessions were preceded by a welcome address from Dr. Dennis Garrity, then director general of the World Agroforestry Centre; opening remarks by Dr. Romano Kiome, permanent secretary, Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya; and a keynote speech by Stanislas Kamanzi, minister of environment and natural resources, Republic of Rwanda. The forum ended with working group sessions focusing on questions determined by the participants and a final session summarizing some of the forum’s key messages. The following brief summary of forum proceedings focuses on the plenary discussions catalyzed by the three main panels and the session in which private sector perspectives were discussed. Session 1: Tree-Based Technologies for Landscape Restoration and for Improving Livelihoods in Africa Session 1 focused on the findings presented in the background paper on tree-based technologies for landscape restoration, which was summarized by one of the authors, Oluyede Ajadi from the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). The panel discussion was moderated by Jan Heino (Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Finland and IUFRO), and the panel included Bo Lager (Vi Agroforestry), Nuhu Hatibu (Kilimo Trust), and Simon Mwangi (Del Monte). 116 INVESTING IN TREES AND LANDSCAPE RESTORATION IN AFRICA
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INVESTING IN TREES AND LANDSCAPE RE
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Acknowledgments This volume draws o
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REFERENCES_________________________
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vi INVESTING IN TREES AND LANDSCAPE
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OVERVIEW Reforestation measures for
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out their plans. This vision of cli
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ABBREVIATIONS ACT ADB BDSP CA CBI C
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PROFOR RA REDD REIT SADC SAGCOT SFM
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INTRODUCTION WHAT DO WE MEAN WHEN W
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The approach can involve the use of
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HOW CAN WE GENERATE INVESTMENT? Des
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1 TREE-BASED AND OTHER LAND MANAGEM
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Macro Trends That Affect Demand for
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In this context, investment opportu
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Indigenous Fruits, Nuts, and Kernel
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Honey The global trade in honey is
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TABLE 1.4. PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTI
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continue to depend on charcoal and
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Tree Crops Coffee is one of the top
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Faidherbia albida intercropping sys
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Carbon storage in fertilizer tree s
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Marketing and Processing Investment
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1.4 VALUE CHAIN INNOVATIONS FOR PRO
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In Africa, farms that engaged in ce
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3. Some tree-based investments, suc
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2 WHERE DO PRIVATE MARKET INCENTIVE
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and coordinate investment in major
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BOX 2.1. KAGERA RIVER BASIN: TRANSB
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at first seemed modest, when adjust
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with strong policy and extension su
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country-level analyses to identify
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supermarket in Africa, and growing
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nonfarmed areas in infrastructure,
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BOX 2.5. WESTERN KENYA TEA LANDSCAP
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size of an agricultural carbon proj
Page 72 and 73: COUNTRY PUBLIC PRIVATE (by descendi
Page 74 and 75: To avoid participating in this scen
Page 76 and 77: need to be developed. Progress in l
Page 78 and 79: 3 OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS FOR
Page 80 and 81: BOX 3.1. REDD BENEFITS TO LOCAL COM
Page 82 and 83: SMEs operate in various kinds of va
Page 84 and 85: sovereign wealth funds, and so on.
Page 86 and 87: Investors may be neither willing no
Page 88 and 89: BOX 3.3. OVERCOME REGULATORY BARRIE
Page 90 and 91: land must be unclaimed wilderness.
Page 92 and 93: issues should be dealt with before
Page 94 and 95: Capacity building is relevant for a
Page 96 and 97: Certain issues should be explored f
Page 98 and 99: anything. For this reason it is som
Page 100 and 101: to increasing the capacity of commu
Page 102 and 103: Hard investors, on the other hand,
Page 104 and 105: REFERENCES Aagaard, P. 2010. “Con
Page 106 and 107: Cheboiwo, J. 2007. “Economic and
Page 108 and 109: Feleke, S.T. and R.L. Kilmer. 2009.
Page 110 and 111: Huang, S. 2004. Global Trade Patter
Page 112 and 113: Mathenge, M., J. Olwande, F. Place,
Page 114 and 115: Place, F., S. Franzel, J. Dewolf, R
Page 116 and 117: Sileshi, G., F. Akinnifesi, O.C. Aj
Page 118 and 119: _____. 2011. Conflict, Security and
Page 120 and 121: ANNEXES ANNEX I. SOURCES OF SPATIAL
Page 124 and 125: BO LAGER pointed out that farmers w
Page 126 and 127: areas and watersheds and to anticip
Page 128 and 129: The company does not deal with fore
Page 130 and 131: ANNEX IV. INVESTMENT FORUM PARTICIP
Page 132 and 133: FIRST NAME LAST NAME TITLE COMPANY
Page 134 and 135: FIRST NAME LAST NAME TITLE COMPANY
Page 137: HISTORICALLY, BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVA
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