Socio Political Thought Of Shah WaliAllah Rahmatullahi Alaihi

333. A11 those individuals who are deputed by the commander, on various
missions on behalf of the army, like carrying messages, guarding
the army, and spying, may also receive grants from the spoils, even
if these individuals might not have been physically present in the
battle, as was in the case of 'Uthman, who was deputed at Madinah
in the battle of ~adr.~""
334. As to the wealth acquired from the infidels without fighting (i.e.
fay'), it is to be distributed in accordance with the Divine command
contained in the following verses:
Whatever God restored to His Messenger from the people
of the towns, it is for God, and for the Messenger, and
for the near of lun, and the orphans and the needy, and
the wayfarer, so that it be not taken by turns, by the rich
among you; and whatever the Messenger gives you accept
it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain therefrom;
and keep your duty to God. Surely God is severe in i-etribution.
It is for the poor who fled, who were driven from
their homes and their possessions, seeking grace of God,
and His pleasure and helping God and His R4essenger.
These it is, that are the truthful. And those who set themselves
up in the city and in the faith before them, love
those who have fled to them, and find in their hearts no
need of what they are given, and prefer them before themselves,
though poverty may afflict them. And whoever is
saved from niggardliness of his soul, these it is, that are
the successful. And those who come after them say: our
Lord, forgive us and our brethren, who had precedence of
us in faith, and leave no spite in our hearts towards those
who believe. Our Lord, surely Thou art kind, ~erciful.~~"
When 'Umar read these verses, he observed: "These verses include
all Muslims". Therefore, he gave the ruling that the proceeds of
fay' be expended according to the degrees of priority, keeping in
view the overall interest of the community rather than any particular
interest.240
335. Traditions have differed in respect of the method of distributing
the proceeds of fay'. Whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him)
received fay', he distributed it on the same day. Out of these, he
granted to the married couples double the portion given to single