Socio Political Thought Of Shah WaliAllah Rahmatullahi Alaihi

170 Selections from Hujjat Alldh al-Bdlighah
commissions and omissions constitute the right course for them. He
should also know the manner in which warning should be given to
them. He should, on no account, neglect any of these considerations.
61. There is no limit to the number of aides. Their number may vary with
variation in the requirements of the state. Sometimes there might be
need to appoint two aides for one purpose, while at other times one
aide might be sufficient for two purposes. Generally chief aides are
five:
(i) Judge: He should be free, male, adult, sane, competent and possessing
knowledge of the established conventions of human transactions
and the tricks of litigants in their litigations. He should be firm but
also mild and patient. He should always take the following aspects
into consideration. Firstly, he should see the overt circumstances of
every case. These may be represented by a contract, some wrong
committed or other antecedents between the litigants. Secondly, he
should find out what each litigant demands from the other, and which
of the two demands is more legitimate and justifiable. He should be
fully aware of those causes and factors that led him to the understanding
of a certain fact. Because sometimes there is some evidence
available, which people do not doubt, and which demands a clear
verdict. At other times, there is an evidence at variance from the former
evidence which had warranted a different verdict.
(ii) Commander of the so1diers:He should essentially possess all knowledge
about war and the formation and organisation of gallant and
brave men. He should know the extent to which each individual under
his command can be useful, and also how to equip the army and
deploy spies and informers about the tactics of the enemy.
(iii) Administrator incahrge of internal affairs: He should be an experienced
man who knows fully about the policies that could lead to the
progress of the state and also the actions that might cause its degeneration.
He should be firm and patient and should belong to the lund
of people who do not keep quiet when they see something th:) dohor.
He should appoint for every group of functionaries a chief from
amongst them, who is fully informed about their affairs so that the
interests of that group are properly looked after, and their chief may
be held responsible for everything concerning them.