Socio Political Thought Of Shah WaliAllah Rahmatullahi Alaihi

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204 Selections from Hu~~at Alldh al-Bdlighah an orphan in order to train him in good manners would be treated an act of virtue, but to do so for the sake of torture shall be regarded as an evil act. Similarly, those who do some wrong by mistake or fail to perform a duty out of mere forgetfulness have been exempted from liability in a number of injunctions. This is a principle which is recognised both in the sciences and in the conventions preserved by the community whether these might be latent or visible. The prescription of codes of law in respect of that community will be in accordance with those conventions and sciences. 127. It should also be borne in mind that most of the latent customs, conventions and sciences are common between Arabs and non-Arabs as well as between the rest of the inhabitants of the balanced areas and those who have temperaments that are predisposed to virtuous morals. For example, mourning over the dead and the desirability of leniency with them, pride over one's lineage and prestige, sleeping after lapse of one third or a quarter of the night and awakening at dawn, and similar other customs to which we have pointed in the discourse on irrqdqdr, can be cited in the present context. These customs are most worthy of being taken into consideration. After that, there are customs and beliefs that are confined to the people to whom a Prophet is sent.These customs and beliefs are also taken into consideration. Indeed All31 has appointed a measure for everything. 128. It should also be noted that Prophethood is often instituted under a millah, religious community as God has said: "The Religious Community of your father ~brghim".~~ Likewise He said: "And surely among those who followed him, was brah him".^^ The underlying idea is that people across many generations live in a religious tradition and the glorification of its symbolic commands and its injunctions becomes so well-known and widespread as to become nearly like the primary axioms that they are almost beyond denial. Then there is instituted another Prophethood to set right the deviations in the earlier tradition and to reform the areas into which corruption has crept and confusions have distorted the teachings of their earlier Prophet. Thereupon well-known injunctions found among them are investigated. What is found correct, healthy and in conformity with the principles of religious weal is retained by the new Prophethood. The latter not only upholds it, but also provides further incentives for it. What is found sick and distorted is changed to the extent that
such change is warranted. Where multiplicity is required, it is effected in respect of that convention which is already possessed by them. <strong>Of</strong>ten this new Prophet argues in his demands on the basis of the vestiges of the former code that are extant in the community. It is then proclaimed that this new Prophet also belonged to the same religious community under which these Prophets of the past had been commissioned. 129. The second category [of the revelation of prescribed codes of conduct, as may be defined from the point of view of the factors that cause such revelations], consists of such prescriptions as are revealed pursuant to certain contingent and accidental causes. It is to be explained thus: that God, even though He transcends time, also has some lund of relation with time and temporality. The Prophet (peace be upon him) has informed us that God decrees at the end of every century to make a great incident happen. Also, we find the Prophet Adam and other Prophets (peace be upon them) have informed in the hadith pertaining to intercession something to this effect. In this hadith, each of them is reported to have said: "Verily my Lord, the Blessed and the Most High, has become so wrathful today as He had never been before, nor shall He ever be so again".37 Therefore, when the world becomes prepared for the emanation of Codes of Law (shara'i'), and for the determination of the norms for human action, the truth manifests itself to them in the revelation of their religion, and the higher assembly is filled with a strong intent. Then, at such a stage, a minor accidental cause becomes sufficient to knock at the door of the Generous, and whoever knocks at the door of the Generous, it is opened for him. In the season of spring, you may find an illustration. In this season, the smallest scale of planting and sowing of seeds is so effective as many times more of it is not in other seasons. 130. Further, the Prophet's own intent, his eager and earnest quest for something, his supplications, craving, and pleading for it is also a strong cause for the revelation of the Divine decree in that respect. If the Prophet's supplication can terminate a drought, overpower a large party of people, tangibly increase the quantity of food and drink, then you may well imagine the revelation of a Divine decree which is a delicate spirit and is defined in the symbolical form of pre-figuration. From this premise it can be adduced that the incidence of a great and extraordinary event in that period about which
Page 1 and 2: SECTION VII The Conduct of Rulers 4
Page 3 and 4: discharge of duties on the part of
Page 5 and 6: (ii) Those who manage the civic pol
Page 7 and 8: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT OF SHAH
Page 9 and 10: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT OF SHAH
Page 11 and 12: SECTION X Universal Consensus on th
Page 13 and 14: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL 1 HOUGHT OF SHA
Page 15 and 16: theoretical and practical perfectio
Page 17 and 18: SECTION XI1 The Need for Guides of
Page 19 and 20: at the culminating point of argumen
Page 21 and 22: SECTION XI11 The Essence of Prophet
Page 23 and 24: (viii) If the Divine wisdom wills t
Page 25 and 26: 93. God's argument against His serv
Page 27 and 28: found, possesses, on account of its
Page 29 and 30: SECTION XIV The Origin and Essence
Page 31 and 32: shari'ah of the Prophet Muss (peace
Page 33 and 34: looks after lands and their yields,
Page 35 and 36: SECTION XV Causes of the Revelation
Page 37 and 38: Prophet is like a physician whose a
Page 39: its mother's milk amounted, in the
Page 43 and 44: SECTION XVI Causes for Impeachment
Page 45 and 46: and non-Arabs alike. And they all a
Page 47 and 48: SECTION XVII The Subtle Meanings of
Page 49 and 50: should be a combination of: (a) an
Page 51 and 52: 148. Noticing exclusively the basic
Page 53 and 54: SECTION XVIII The Establishment of
Page 55 and 56: utilisation of opportunities for co
Page 57 and 58: so that if a notable among them wor
Page 59 and 60: ule by his. He also declared that "
Page 61 and 62: SECTION XIX Need for a Religion whi
Page 63 and 64: mankind to follow that shari'ah. Fo
Page 65 and 66: (al-khildfah al- 'dmmah), and that
Page 67 and 68: SECTION XX The Conditions of Jahili
Page 69 and 70: they render themselves unable to fu
Page 71 and 72: and transmit His revelations to him
Page 73 and 74: 198. Moreover, this form of wudii'
Page 75 and 76: sinful acts and explained their ing
Page 77 and 78: (d) jihad. 209. There arose then th
Page 79 and 80: SECTION XXI 210. It should be known
Page 81 and 82: 2 18. It is significant that no fur
Page 83 and 84: guides them toward it, he shall be
Page 85 and 86: SECTION XXII Judiciary 229. It shou
Page 87 and 88: 237. It should be noted tha; in the
Page 89 and 90: ased on the Qur'Bnic verse: "And th
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(i) Concealment of evidence, as the
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to their connotations that are gene
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267. The Prophet (peace be upon him
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THE SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT OF SHAH
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e upon him) was asked: "Man sometim
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month is that since it is a task th
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294. Among these wonderful things a
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300. God says: "Now God has lighten
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and the glory of Muslims. It was fo
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317. He should figlit the People of
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God, and for thz Messenger, and for
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333. A11 those individuals who are
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for anyone before us. It was when G
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345. Therefore, God appointed the p
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Notes and References PART ONE 1. Th
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Notes and References 285 19. See Ab
Page 123 and 124:
Notes and References 287 48. Shah W
Page 125 and 126:
Notes and References 289 of a revel
Page 127 and 128:
Notes and References 90. Ibid. 91.
Page 129 and 130:
Notes and References 293 123. Ibid.
Page 131 and 132:
Nores and References 157. Ibid. 158
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Notes and References 297 195. In th
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Notes and References 237. Translati
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Notes and References 30 1 277. Ahma
Page 139 and 140:
Notes and References 303 3 1 1. Sha
Page 141 and 142:
Notes and References 337. Translati
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Nares and References PART TWO 376.
Page 145 and 146:
Notes and References 309 416. Ibid.
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Notes and References 31 1 16. Qur'i
Page 149 and 150:
Votes rind References 313 58. Featu
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Notes and References 315 94. See Th
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Notes and References 317 129. Ibn H
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Notes and References 172. Ibn Miija
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Notes and References 32 1 in living
Page 159 and 160:
Bibliography Abdul Khaliq, M.A. Art
Page 161 and 162:
Ibn al-Humam, Kamal al-Din Muhammad
Page 163 and 164:
Al-Qalqashandi, Ahmad ibn 'Abd Alla
Page 165 and 166:
Index 'Abbgs ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib,
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universal paradigm of, 67 Greek tra
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inundhir, 40 Muslim community, 85,
Page 171:
a/-rajallial-a '?urn, 16, 19 taklll
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Socio Political Thought Of Shah WaliAllah Rahmatullahi Alaihi

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