Montgomery Canal Conservation Management Strategy (1.2MB PDF)

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iv. The Canal The driving force behind the construction of the Montgomery Canal was agrarian improvement and exploitation rather than industrial development. While the primary motivation was the transport of lime from Llanymynech (Figure 3.2), the influence of the canal was wider reaching and the archaeology reflects this. Pockets of industrial activity eg kilns, wharves and warehousing sprang up along the length of the canal, and settlements were encouraged by the convergence of canal and road. It is likely that Pant was already in existence before the canal was planned, but Maesbury Marsh is likely to have emerged with the canal, as did the holdings at Frankton Locks. The growth of Four Crosses, Arddleen, Pool Quay and Garthmyl were all encouraged and perhaps may even have been initiated by the canal. Field systems were modified as inconvenient segments left behind as the canal sliced through farms were integrated into new patterns; and previously open mosslands began to be drained and enclosed as the canal offered a mechanism for channelling the water away. Industry was also present in the vicinity of the canal, particularly such features as watermills powered by streams that the canal crossed: Aberbechan fulling mill, the corn mill now destroyed at Abermule, and the mill at Luggy can all be cited in this context. Rednal boneworks is another past industrial site, now demolished. v. The Twentieth Century The changing nature of agrarian activity through the 19th century and into the 20th century has resulted in landscapes that have witnessed continued modification. Intensive cultivation in places has successfully smoothed out and often erased the physical traces of earlier features so that, for instance, the banks and ditches of late prehistoric enclosures now show only as cropmarks from the air and sub-surface remains upon excavation. Field boundaries have been removed to create larger and often more regular fields, distorting earlier patterns of land use. The drainage of fens and mosses has led to the loss of peat and the consequent lowering of the land, most obvious where the canal now runs at a higher level than the grounds through which it passes. Twentieth century activity has had a much greater impact than any of its predecessors on early landscapes and what can now be seen along the canal corridor is only a very small part of what once existed. vi. Summary It is possible to define two broad archaeological zones through which the canal passes. In the south it follows the Severn Valley. Hillforts, early medieval churches and later medieval nucleated settlements, mottes and, on the lower and more fertile valley floor and adjacent slopes, open-fields are all components of this rich archaeological landscape. At Pant the canal enters a second zone. Settlement patterns are more dispersed and the farms of presumed medieval date occupy the higher and drier ground, but in places there are few signs of past human activity, because the seasonally waterlogged nature of the land encouraged only transient and often seasonal activity which has left no physical trace. Figure 3.1. Earthwork remains of Strata Marcella Abbey, adjacent to Abbey Lift Bridge. Figure 3.2. Llanymynech Heritage Area: Hoffman Lime Kiln, Canal Depot top right. 21
3.1.3 Historic Landscape Character Assessment An historic landscape character assessment was undertaken as part of the landscape archaeology work for this Strategy, and this integrates all the natural and historic influences on the canal landscape. Identified areas are shown in Figure(s) 3.3 and Table 3.1; more details are available in the main landscape archaeology and assessment report. 27 Welsh Frankton 26 Perrymoor 25 Wootton 23 Maesbury Marsh 22 Morton 24 West Felton 21 Llanymynech 20 Carreghofa 19 Vyrnwy 18 Bryn Mawr 17 Four Crosses 16 Bele Brook Powys Shropshire 15 Guilsfield 14 Arddleen 13 Pool Quay 12 Allt 11 Tirymynach 10 Welshpool 9 Powis Castle 8 Belan 7 Trehelig 6 Berriew 5 Garthmyl 4 Llanmerewig 3 Abermule 2 Dolforwyn 1 Newtown Figure 3.3. Historic Landscape Character Areas (From CPAT 2003: Landscape Archaeology Assessment). 22
Page 1 and 2: Montgomery Canal: Regeneration thro
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document is t
Page 6 and 7: 1. INTRODUCTION Summary of chapter
Page 8 and 9: 1.1 THE PARTNERSHIP This Strategy h
Page 10 and 11: 1.3 COMPANION REPORTS Throughout th
Page 12 and 13: Llangollen Canal Frankton Junction
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 INTRODUCTION Many of the conser
Page 16 and 17: (Department for Culture Media and S
Page 18 and 19: A key aim of the Shropshire Tourism
Page 20 and 21: 3.1 LANDSCAPE HERITAGE 3.1.1 Overvi
Page 24 and 25: Table 3.1. Montgomery Canal Corrido
Page 26 and 27: The country has been divided up int
Page 28 and 29: Although there is little natural wo
Page 30 and 31: References for further information
Page 32 and 33: they have undergone extensive repai
Page 34 and 35: xi. Water Economy The canal require
Page 36 and 37: iii. Canal-related industry The nat
Page 40 and 41: This Strategy seeks to further deve
Page 42 and 43: The Shropshire Biodiversity Action
Page 44 and 45: Mammals: Bats Pipistrelle Noctule D
Page 46 and 47: Figure 3.9. Luronium natans (Floati
Page 50 and 51: Overall the Welsh section is lightl
Page 52 and 53: 3.4.7 Paddlesports Currently the Ca
Page 54 and 55: The invertebrate fauna is one metho
Page 56 and 57: 3.6 COMMUNITY AND VISITOR ACCESS 3.
Page 58 and 59: 3.6.2 Cycling Cycling is growing in
Page 62 and 63: 4. OPTIONS APPRAISAL Summary of cha
Page 64 and 65: Proposals for restoration in any fo
Page 66 and 67: 4.2.6 Option 3B: Option 3 + Additio
Page 68 and 69: OPTION 1 1B 2 2B 3 3B 4 4b 5 Archae
Page 70 and 71: 5. VISION Summary of chapter The pr
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In parallel to the engineering, and
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6.1 LANDSCAPE HERITAGE 6.1.1 Existi
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6.2.2 Local Implementation B) Briti
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6.3.4 Monitoring Informs Action L)
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F) A transparent and impartial syst
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6.6 COMMUNITY AND VISITOR ACCESS 6.
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6.7.2 Visitor spend Visitor spend w
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7. MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS Summary of
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Waterlogged sites, e.g. peat in the
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Suggested Canal gateway - enhanced
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References for further information
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5) The Partnership will seek early
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Figure 7.5. Proposed Conservation A
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7.2.4 Benign Neglect This is often
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Separate standards have been agreed
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See also Sections 6.4 (Navigation)
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19) The Countryside Council for Wal
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30) Management will be by careful m
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1. Establishment of compensatory ha
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Table 7.6. Private boat moorings an
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trip day hire private visiting 6,00
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Day hire boats offer particular opp
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Figure 7.12. Dutch design electric
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Paddlesports are popular on the Mon
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9) It is proposed to keep the separ
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Urban areas and road run-off are im
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ii. Long Distance Routes 7) The Par
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Figure 7.16. Proposed Cycle Routes
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Upgrade path through school grounds
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ii. Commercial Fishing 24) Commerci
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These include: • Field Studies Co
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7.8 ECONOMIC AND RURAL REGENERATION
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7.8.3 Proposals 1) Local suppliers:
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8. PHASED RESTORATION Summary of ch
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8.1.1 Context Although this is a co
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8.2 THE CRITICAL PATH: PHASING Time
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Timescale is an indication, and wil
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vii. Belan Locks Previous temporary
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9.1 PHILOSOPHY The Montgomery is a
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Techniques and events included the
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What do you want conserved or prote
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4) A database of customer groups is
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10.1 NATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY INDICA
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EDUCATION BW-organised visits - num
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Table 10.3 Summary Conservation Obj
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AQUATIC VEGETATION - LOCAL DISTINCT
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10.3.3 Other Biological Monitoring
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Llantysilio Sluice Llantysilio Feed
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Table 11.1 Commitments to Action. F
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