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BIOGRAPHIES Shaker A. Al-Khamees is a Senior Drilling Superintendent at the Gas Development Drilling and Workover Department, Saudi Aramco. His areas of interest include advanced drilling techniques, multistage completions, workover and snubbing operations, and he is currently involved in leading several vital projects in the area of underbalanced coil tubing drilling, conventional underbalanced drilling and deep gas workover operations. Shaker received his B.S. degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, LA. During his 25 year career, he has presented and published many technical papers. Shaker is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE). Anton V. Kozlov started his career as a MWD/LWD Engineer working for Baker Hughes in Western Siberia, Russia. He has been involved with coiled tubing drilling for the last 2½ years, first as a Field Test Engineer working in Texas and Alaska, and for the last year as a Coiled Tubing Drilling Applications Engineer based in al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. In 2006, Antov received his B.S. degree in Petroleum Engineering from the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia. Serve Frantzen is currently employed with Baker Hughes as a CTD Project Coordinator and is working with the Saudi Aramco CTD project team. Previously, he was part of the CTD project teams in Sharjah and Margham, U.A.E. and Alaska, U.S. Serve began his career in the oil and gas industry in 1988 and was involved in major drilling projects like the first six well jointed pipe UBD project in Europe in 1994/95 for RWE-DEA in Breitbrunn, Bavaria, Germany. Besides the oil and gas industry he was also involved in major drilling projects for the pipeline and mining industry. Thomas Gorges joined Baker Hughes in November 2006 as a Drilling Applications Engineer for Reentry Systems, which incorporates coil tubing and through tubing rotary drilling. As an Applications Engineer, he has been involved with the technical transfer of new products to the field and marketing of CTD services. Participating in conventions and forums is a crucial part of his work, and Thomas has authored and contributed to several coiled tubing related papers. Thomas graduated from the University of Applied Sciences in Wolfenbuettel, Germany, with a Diplom – Ingenieur in Mechanical Engineering. Julio C. Guzman Munoz is a Drilling Engineering Supervisor at the Gas Development Drilling & Workover Department, Saudi Aramco. During his 13 year career in the oil and gas industry, he has been associated with coiled tubing drilling, multilateral and extended reach drilling, batch drilling and deep gas drilling in Colombia, Venezuela, the United States, Mexico and Saudi Arabia. Currently, Julio is providing the engineering support for several key initiatives for Saudi Aramco Drilling & Workover, including coiled tubing drilling, underbalanced drilling, innovative cementing design and drilling fluids management. Julio received his B.S. degree in Petroleum Engineering from the Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia, in 1997. Anthony A. Aduba previously worked as a Drilling Supervisor, Drilling Engineer and Petroleum Economist with Shell from 1996 to 2008, before joining Saudi Aramco as a Drilling Engineer in the Gas Development Drilling & Workover Department. He was assigned to the Underbalanced Coiled Tubing Drilling project in March 2009. In 1992, Aduba received his B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering from Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria. In 1995, he received his M.S. degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Thiago P. da Silva is currently a Schlumberger Project Engineer for Saudi Aramco’s Underbalanced Coiled Tubing Drilling (UBCTD) project. His previous experience in UBCTD campaigns includes BP Sharjah Oil Company and Margham Dubai Establishment. Thiago has received several industry awards, including the Halliburton Recognition Plaque awarded from the Carrollton Technical Paper Review Board, a Certificate of Appreciation from Margham Dubai Establishment, and an Appreciation Award from the BP Sharjah UBCTD project. He has also been a guest Instructor at the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency. Thiago received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Universidade Federal de Itajuba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2003. 16 SUMMER 2010 SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY
Robotics for Horizontal Image Acquisition in Ultra Slim Wells in Saudi Arabia Authors: Kanwal B. Singh Khalsa, Nassar A. Al-Awami, Nelson Pinero, Zaki A. Al-Baggal, Adib A. Al-Mumen and Ibrahim A. Zainaddin ABSTRACT The cost savings that are possible by sidetracking existing wellbores make the drilling and completion of ultra slim lateral wells very desirable. Obtaining image logs from horizontal wells, less than 6” diameter, has always been a challenge, because the size of conventional borehole imaging tools that currently exist on the market are simply too large. In addition, conventional deployment methods limit efficient rig time utilization and ultimately lead to higher cost. New conveyance and logging technology from Welltec ® (the Well Tractor ® ) and Weatherford (The Compact Micro Imager (CMI)) allows operators to obtain excellent image logs in slim wells as small as 3” in diameter. Image logs are required to properly understand fracture details and to help in future drilling and completion decisions. This article describes the logging operational experience of the CMI and the world’s first slim hole imaging logs in Saudi Arabia deployed by the wireline tractor 218XR (XR: Extended Reach) in an open hole horizontal section. INTRODUCTION Workover operations are a major part of any oil field operation. Well maintenance and repair are performed during workover operations. Repairs include replacement of completion string, casing patch, perforation shut-off, etc. In addition, reentry and horizontal drilling and open hole completion technology has enabled the operators to increase production and recovery rates from declining fields and short interval pay zones. ABQAIQ FIELD Initially, the field was developed by drilling vertical producers. The remaining oil column is short and can go as low as 3 ft to 4 ft in some areas. With the field in production, water cut has increased with time. One strategy to save the cost of drilling new wells is to re-visit old vertical wells and complete them as horizontal producers. The reentry horizontal drilling methodology for Abqaiq field has evolved over time. Due to the original 7” cased hole production completion, a 6 1 ⁄8” window is cut for sidetrack in the 7” casing and the curve section is drilled to above target formation, and a 4 1 ⁄2” or 5” liner is run to isolate the highpressure water formation just above the pay formation. After casing off the curve section, drilling proceeds with either a 3 7 ⁄8” or 4 1 ⁄8” horizontal hole in the target formation until reaching total depth (TD). The wells are normally completed with Inflow Control Devices (ICDs) and open hole mechanical/swell packers. The ICD completion uniformly distributes production across the entire horizontal section, and delays water and gas coning, therefore extending well life and maximizing oil recovery. Another issue with such wells are the fractures encountered during drilling. The drilling mud gets absorbed by fractures due to lower pressure. At this stage, to identify the fracture zone, wireline image tools need to be deployed horizontally in the open hole, to determine length and width of the fracture. Running the image log would also facilitate the design of the open hole completion with ICD and packers to provide a barrier or isolation between normal production zones and the fractured zone. Abqaiq wells A and B were sidetracked with 3 7 ⁄8” and 4 1 ⁄8” holes, respectively, during the last workover. Both wells had high water cut and low-pressure where they could not flow to the Gas-Oil Separation Plant (GOSP). It was believed that if the fractures (encountered during sidetracking) could be isolated and production could be distributed over the length of the lateral with ICD systems, the water breakthrough would be delayed. INTERVENTION STRATEGY Sidetracking into the targeted formation horizontally requires extensive engineering in both the planning and execution phase, so as not to damage the slim hole (3 7 ⁄8” and 4 1 ⁄8” bit size). Once the sidetrack is drilled and further trips are required with drillpipe for logging purposes, that were often not in the original plan, the risk of hole damage increases. Wells with these slim holes and sidetrack geometry often provide additional challenges in respect to dogleg severity (DLS) and drillpipe sticking. Risks are also increased on the logging tools as the compressive strength of such sensitive tools are no match for the drillpipe strength. Time efficiency for completing these wells, which needed mitigation, requires fast intervention decisions by the operator. SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY SUMMER 2010 17
Page 3 and 4: Summer 2010 THE SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNA
Page 5 and 6: 24” CSG at 365 ft EPC 178,00#, X4
Page 7 and 8: Stage Depth (ft) Direction Fluid Vo
Page 9 and 10: The injectivity test, which can be
Page 11 and 12: REFERENCES 1. Moore, N.B.A., Kruege
Page 13 and 14: Next Generation Technologies for Un
Page 15 and 16: to 60 ft/hour with the hydraulic or
Page 17: improving drilling performance. The
Page 21 and 22: mud cap to TD at 10,100 ft. Open ho
Page 23 and 24: unning the operations by convention
Page 25 and 26: Stimulating Khuff Gas Wells with Sm
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 2. ACTive fiber optics. DESCRI
Page 29 and 30: • Treatment acid: 26% HCl acid (1
Page 31 and 32: 25 20 15 10 5 0 Well 1 Well 2 Produ
Page 33 and 34: Fig. A3. Post flush temperature res
Page 35 and 36: Wassim Kharrat has been working wit
Page 37 and 38: SAUDI ARAMCO EXPERIENCE WITH INCOMP
Page 39 and 40: eciprocated) along the axis of the
Page 41 and 42: then either continue running the as
Page 43 and 44: Application of Hydrajetting Technol
Page 45 and 46: Amount of Proppant (lb) 135,600 lb
Page 47 and 48: Development and Optimization of 12
Page 49 and 50: Vertical Section View 10,000 Well A
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 8. Powered rotary steerable sy
Page 53 and 54: needed a fit-for-purpose bit design
Page 55 and 56: laboratory and previous field tests
Page 57 and 58: performances in the 12” direction
Page 59 and 60: Jaywant Verma is a Drilling Enginee
Page 61 and 62: favorable economics of drilling sma
Page 63 and 64: orehole fluids. This tool can be co
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 6. Plot of a sidetracked (Well
Page 67 and 68: BIOGRAPHIES Izuchukwu “Izu” Ari
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