English Edition (6 MB pdf) - Saudi Aramco

More documents

Recommendations

Info

SPE paper 116665, presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, September 21-24, 2008. 7. Smith, R.C. and Steffensen, R.J.: “Interpretation of Temperature Profiles in Water Injection Wells,” SPE paper 4649, presented at the SPE-AIME 48 th Annual Fall Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 30 - October 3, 1973. APPENDIX A – SUPPORTING FIGURES AND FOECT INTERPRETATION EXAMPLES In treatment of the two candidate wells, the targeted upper lateral of Well A was selectively entered by use of the MSRT, and the CT was RIH for stimulation of the hydrocarbon bearing pay zone. While RIH a geothermal temperature profile was recorded (Fig. A1, green temperature curve) to Nitrified chemical diverter Foamed water 8/10/2009 11:44 p.m. Preflush 8/10/2009 5:08 a.m. Lateral Confirmation 8/11/2009 6:30 a.m. 1st Acid 8/11/2009 5:13 p.m. Acid and Diverter 8/12/2009 5:56 a.m. Acid Jetting EOL at 11,624 ft Lateral Junction at 11,710 ft Fig. A1. Well A, L1 FOECT data from key treatment stages. Fig. A2. Well B, L1 FOECT data providing lateral confirmation. 30 SUMMER 2010 SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY
Fig. A3. Post flush temperature response (green) highlighting diversion effects obtained as compared to the preflush injection profile (blue) in Well B, lateral L1. establish a lateral junction baseline dataset for interpretation of the following recorded data. Reaching TD, preflush was injected and squeezed to formation through the CT while reciprocating once across the open hole. The warm back FOECT data following the preflush injection is highlighted in Fig. A1 in light blue. Interpretation of the FOECT preflush warm back data, suggests that significant losses occur to the non-targeted lateral L2, indicated with an orange line on Fig. A1. As fluids are pumped through CT in a well, a combination of convection heating of the pumped treatment fluids and convection cool-down of the surrounding wellbore by the passing of the colder fluids pumped from surface takes place. In cases where the fluid pumped is lost to a zone above the CT nozzle, the combination of convection heating of the fluid and convection cool-down of the wellbore typically results in a step change in temperature across a zone or a lateral junction to which significant fluid loss occurs. In Well A, lateral L1, the pumped preflush is being heated through convection both while being pumped through the CT and while traveling up hole in the L1 CT-wellbore annulus towards the lateral junction of lateral L2. The effect on DTS profile data of the losses of heated injected fluid to the junction is a significant step change from the convection cooled wellbore above the lateral junction to the heated fluid entering the lateral junction from below. Identifying such losses early in the treatment allows for immediate remedial actions to be taken, to reduce the volumes pumped and lost to other laterals. In Well B, both laterals were to be stimulated, but the measured TD of the two laterals (L1 and L2) was less than 250 ft apart, Fig. A2. An early lateral confirmation was in this case achieved with the FOECT by running 400 ft into the natural pass lateral. Recording FOECT data while surface injecting 40 bbl treated water to the CT-wellbore annulus provided a small but measurable cool-down across the wellbore. With the CT in the main bore, the 4½” tailpipe acted as severe downhole flow restriction preventing fluid flow (and the associated cool-down) below the tailpipe. Figure A3 shows the FOECT temperature data recorded before, during and after surface injection, giving an early positive lateral confirmation 400 ft into the lateral. As two attempts were required for positive confirmation of entry to the desired L2 lateral, this early warning avoided the need for three full trips to tag TD for lateral confirmation, saving a total of 8,800 running ft in the operation. Overlaid against the preflush injection profile in blue, Fig. A3 shows the post flush temperature profile in solid green. By comparing the pre- and post flush profiles, the diversion efficiency of the pumped may be evaluated. A near uniform temperature trend is now observed across the treated open hole section stimulation of lateral L1 in Well B. This suggests that a more uniform injection profile across the targeted pay has been achieved through diversion during the stimulation treatment. Another important observation is the lack of any observable temperature anomalies across the lateral window to the main bore. This confirms that the treatment fluids pumped to stimulate the target lateral were not lost through the lateral window. SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY SUMMER 2010 31
Page 3 and 4: Summer 2010 THE SAUDI ARAMCO JOURNA
Page 5 and 6: 24” CSG at 365 ft EPC 178,00#, X4
Page 7 and 8: Stage Depth (ft) Direction Fluid Vo
Page 9 and 10: The injectivity test, which can be
Page 11 and 12: REFERENCES 1. Moore, N.B.A., Kruege
Page 13 and 14: Next Generation Technologies for Un
Page 15 and 16: to 60 ft/hour with the hydraulic or
Page 17 and 18: improving drilling performance. The
Page 19 and 20: Robotics for Horizontal Image Acqui
Page 21 and 22: mud cap to TD at 10,100 ft. Open ho
Page 23 and 24: unning the operations by convention
Page 25 and 26: Stimulating Khuff Gas Wells with Sm
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 2. ACTive fiber optics. DESCRI
Page 29 and 30: • Treatment acid: 26% HCl acid (1
Page 31: 25 20 15 10 5 0 Well 1 Well 2 Produ
Page 35 and 36: Wassim Kharrat has been working wit
Page 37 and 38: SAUDI ARAMCO EXPERIENCE WITH INCOMP
Page 39 and 40: eciprocated) along the axis of the
Page 41 and 42: then either continue running the as
Page 43 and 44: Application of Hydrajetting Technol
Page 45 and 46: Amount of Proppant (lb) 135,600 lb
Page 47 and 48: Development and Optimization of 12
Page 49 and 50: Vertical Section View 10,000 Well A
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 8. Powered rotary steerable sy
Page 53 and 54: needed a fit-for-purpose bit design
Page 55 and 56: laboratory and previous field tests
Page 57 and 58: performances in the 12” direction
Page 59 and 60: Jaywant Verma is a Drilling Enginee
Page 61 and 62: favorable economics of drilling sma
Page 63 and 64: orehole fluids. This tool can be co
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 6. Plot of a sidetracked (Well
Page 67 and 68: BIOGRAPHIES Izuchukwu “Izu” Ari
Page 70: GUIDELINES FOR SUBMITTING AN ARTICL

English Edition (6 MB pdf) - Saudi Aramco

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?