Greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting

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2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting Annex 1 - Converting from fuel use to carbon dioxide equivalent emissions Last updated: Apr-12 11 In the UK biofuels are added to virtually all of the transport fuel sold by filling stations (and by most fuel wholesalers) and this has the effect of slightly reducing the greenhouse gas emissions of the fuel. For fuel purchased at filling stations or obtained from private commercial refuelling, you should use the factor labelled "average biofuel blend" unless you know the biofuel content is higher or lower than average. In this latter case, if you are purchasing pure diesel which you know has not been blended with biofuels then you should use the factor labelled "100% mineral fuel", or alternatively use the bespoke biofuel blend calculations provided in Annex 9, Table 9b. 12 The "average biofuel blend" emission factors calculated here for diesel supplied at public retail and private commercial refuelling stations factor in the biodiesel supplied in the UK as a proportion of the total supply of diesel+biodiesel (3.6% by unit volume, 3.3% by unit energy). These estimates have been made based on the most recently available reports on the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO), and renewable energy statistics. For more information see: http://www.dft.gov.uk/topics/sustainable/biofuels/rtfo/ and http://www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/energy_stats/source/renewables/renewables.aspx 13 The "average biofuel blend" emission factors calculated here for petrol supplied at public retail and private commercial refuelling stations, factoring in the bioethanol supplied in the UK as a proportion of the total supply of petrol+bioethanol (= 2.9% by unit volume, 1.9% by unit energy). These estimates have been made based on the most recently available reports on the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO), and renewable energy statistics. For more information see: http://www.dft.gov.uk/topics/sustainable/biofuels/rtfo/ and http://www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/statistics/energy_stats/source/renewables/renewables.aspx 14 The emission factors for 100% mineral fuel petrol or diesel should only be used if you are sure the fuel used does not contain biofuel. 15 Recycled fuel oils (processed fuel oils) are typically made up of a combination used engine oil, paintshop residues and other oils and are used to replace conventional fuel oils in some factories (e.g. asphalt manufacturers) and power stations. Recycled Fuel Oil is produced from waste oil and is classified by the Environment Agency as waste and so is subject to the Waste Incineration Directive (WID). Therefore only those companies who are compliant with WID are able to use it as a fuel. The WID can be found at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2000:332:0091:0111:EN:PDF Page 11 of 54
2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting Annex 2 - Combined Heat and Power - Imports and Exports Last updated: Jun-09 How to use this Annex If you use all the output of a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant to meet the energy needs of your business (i.e. you are not exporting any of the electricity or heat for others to use), there is no need for you to attribute the emissions from the CHP plant between the electricity and heat output in your reporting. This is because you are in this case responsible for the full emissions resulting from the fuel used for CHP. You can calculate the total CHP plant emissions from the fuel used with the standard conversion factors at Annex 1. If the heat user and the electricity user are different individuals/installations, greenhouse gas emissions should be calculated as per Annex 1 (i.e. calculate fuel consumption then apply the appropriate conversion factor for that fuel) and then divided between the heat user and the electricity user . It is typically roughly twice as efficient to generate heat from fossil fuels as it is to generate electricity. Therefore you can attribute the greenhouse gas emissions from the CHP plant in the ratio 1:2 respectively per kWh of heat and electricity generated. Emissions per kWh of heat or electricity produced by the CHP plant may be calculated in this way using the appropriate formula below: Emissions (in kgCO 2 e) per kWh electricity = Emissions (in kgCO 2 e) per kWh heat = 2 x total emissions (in kgCO 2 e) 2 x total electricity produced + total heat produced (in kWh) total emissions (in kgCO 2 e) 2 x total electricity produced + total heat produced (in kWh) Table 2a Calculate emissions per kWh electricity Total emissions (kg CO 2 e) Total electricity produced Total heat produced kg CO 2 e/kWh electricity Table 2b Calculate emissions per kWh heat Total emissions (kg CO 2 e) Total electricity produced Total heat produced kgCO 2 e/kWh heat I buy my electricity from a producer/plant that I know is CHP. Which factor should I use? If you purchase electricity for own consumption from a CHP plant, you should use the 'Grid Rolling Average' factor in Annex 3. How were these factors calculated? For further explanation on how these emission factors have been derived, please refer to the GHG conversion factor methodology paper available here: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/economy/business-efficiency/reporting Page 12 of 54
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