Greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting

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2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting Annex 9 - Bioenergy & Water Conversion Factor Tables Last updated: Apr-12 The emission factors presented in this Annex have been prepared for use within company reporting in line with GHG Protocol Scope 3 Guidance (predominantly) and include total CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O emissions in units of CO 2 e (CO 2 equivalent). Care should be taken to use equivalent emission factors (EFs) for different activities - i.e. combine only direct EFs, OR indirect EFs OR total lifecycle EFs, or emissions factors for the same Scope (as defined by the GHG Protocol). NOTE: Information on waste disposal previously provided in Table 9d of Annex 9 has now been moved to a separate new Annex 14. This Annex 9 has therefore been renamed since the previous update (2011), to avoid potential confusion and for better alignment with its contents. How to use this Annex Tables 9a-c provide life-cycle conversion factors for water, biofuels and biomass: 1) Identify the amount of substance used 2) Identify the units. Are you measuring your fuel use in terms of mass, volume or energy? 3) Convert to the appropriate unit of volume or mass for the table: (i) If you cannot find a factor for that unit, Annex 12 gives guidance on converting between different units of mass, volume, length and energy. (ii) If you are measuring fuel use in terms of energy, is your unit of measurement net energy or gross energy (in the event that this is unclear you should contact your fuel supplier)? Annex 11 gives typical/average net/gross calorific values and the densities. 4) If you are using a biofuel blend EITHER: (i) Use the total amount of pure biofuel used to calculate the emissions together with Table 9b, Part (i) and the total amount of pure conventional fuel together with Table 9b, Part (ii); OR (ii) Use the total amount of blended fuel in the calculation together with Table 9b, Part (iii). The combined emission factor (EF) is calculated by the excel spreadsheet automatically following your entry of the % biofuel blended with conventional fuel and entry of the total amount of biofuel/conventional fuel blend. For an X% blend of biofuel with conventional fuel the combined emission factor is calculated as follows: Total EF for X% biofuel/conventional fuel blend = X% x biofuel EF + (1-X%) x conventional fuel EF 5) Multiply the amount of fuel used by the conversion factor to get total emissions in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO 2 e). The excel spreadsheet does this automatically following your entry of the amount of fuel used into the appropriate box. The additionally presented 'Outside of Scopes' emission factors also enable you to calculate direct emissions of carbon dioxide for the combustion of biomass and biofuels. Annex 9 Scopes & Boundaries: Water Scope 3: Emissions of greenhouse gases associated with the supply and treatment of water and the industry’s buildings and transport. Biofuels Scope 1: Direct emissions of CH4 and N2O from the combustion of fuel (CO2 emissions are set to 0 for biofuels, and reported separately) Scope 3: Indirect emissions associated with the production and transport of primary fuels as well as the refining, distribution, storage and retail of finished fuels. For further information see http://iet.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about-jec/ Outside of Scopes: Emissions data for direct CO2 emissions from biologically sequestered carbon (e.g. CO2 from burning biomass/biofuels) are reported separately from the scopes. Further information on scopes is available from Defra's website in the guidance on reporting at: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/economy/business-efficiency/reporting/ OR from the Greenhouse Gas Protocol's website at: http://www.ghgprotocol.org/standards/corporate-standard How were these factors calculated? For further explanation on how these emission factors have been derived, please refer to the GHG conversion factor methodology paper available here: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/economy/business-efficiency/reporting/ Page 39 of 54
2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting Annex 9 - Bioenergy & Water Conversion Factor Tables Last updated: Apr-12 Table 9a Scope 1 Scope 3 All Scopes Scope 1 Scope 3 All Scopes Total Direct Total Indirect Grand Total Total Direct Total Indirect Grand Total Life-Cycle Conversion Factors for water GHG GHG GHG GHG GHG GHG Fuel used Year for emission factor Total units used Units x kg CO 2 e per unit kg CO 2 e per unit kg CO 2 e per unit Total kg CO 2 e Total kg CO 2 e Total kg CO 2 e Water supply 2007/08 million litres x - 276 276 2008/09 million litres x - 300 300 2009/10 million litres x - 340 340 2010/11 million litres x - 344 344 2007/08 cubic metres x - 0.2760 0.2760 2008/09 cubic metres x - 0.3000 0.3000 2009/10 cubic metres x - 0.3400 0.3400 2010/11 cubic metres x - 0.3441 0.3441 Water treatment 2007/08 million litres x - 693 693 Total 2008/09 million litres x - 750 750 2009/10 million litres x - 700 700 2010/11 million litres x - 709 709 2007/08 cubic metres x - 0.6930 0.6930 2008/09 cubic metres x - 0.7500 0.7500 2009/10 cubic metres x - 0.7000 0.7000 2010/11 cubic metres x - 0.7085 0.7085 0 0 0 Sources Water UK Sustainability Indicators 2009/10, available at: http://www.water.org.uk/home/news/press-releases/sustainability-indicators-09-10 Page 40 of 54
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