Greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting

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2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting B. When recalculating emissions for a year consistent with the data basis of the new update (other than electricity or water emission factor data). For example, if you are now reporting emissions for 2011-12, you should also recalculate the 2010-11 emissions using the 2011 update data, as these are for the most part based on 2010 datasets. Figures reported for 2009 should use emission factors from the 2011 update, which are mostly based on 2009 data. Which Conversion Factors should I use? ● To calculate emissions from the use of Fuels, see Annex 1 ● To calculate emissions from Combined Heat and Power (CHP), see Annex 2 ● To calculate emissions from the use of supplied Electricity, Heat or Steam, see Annex 3 ● To understand which industrial processes lead to GHG emissions, see Annex 4 ● To convert greenhouse gases into carbon dioxide equivalents, see Annex 5 ● To calculate emissions associated with Passenger Transport, see Annex 6 ● To calculate emissions associated with Freight Transport, see Annex 7 ● To calculate emissions from the use of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment, see Annex 8 ● To calculate GHG emissions from the use of Water, Biomass and Biofuels, see Annex 9 ● To calculate emissions from the use of Overseas Electricity, see Annex 10 ● For the typical Calorific Values and Densities of UK Fuels, see Annex 11 ● To convert between common units of energy, volume, mass and distance, see Annex 12 ● To estimate emissions from your supply chain, see Annex 13 ● To calculate GHG emissions from the Materials Consumption and from Waste Disposal, see Annex 14 Units All emissions factors are given in units of kg (kilograms) of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) equivalent. GHG emissions are sometimes quoted in figures of mass of Carbon equivalent , rather than Carbon Dioxide equivalent . To convert carbon equivalents into carbon dioxide equivalents (CO 2 e), multiply by 44/12. To convert emissions of greenhouse gases to carbon dioxide equivalent units, see Annex 5. For other unit conversions see Annexes 11 and 12. What is the difference between direct and indirect emissions? The definition used in used in the GHG Protocol for direct and indirect emissions is slightly different than for these Annexes (which are consistent also with the Government's Act on CO 2 Calculator and Carbon Offsetting Accreditation Scheme). In these Annexes direct and indirect emissions are defined as follows: Direct GHG emissions are those emissions emitted at the point of use of a fuel/energy carrier (or in the case of electricity, at the point of generation). Indirect GHG emissions are those emissions emitted prior to the use of a fuel/energy carrier (or in the case of electricity, prior to the point of generation), i.e. as a result of extracting and transforming the primary energy source (e.g. crude oil) into the energy carrier (e.g. petrol). Emissions from the production of vehicles or infrastructure are not considered. The GHG Protocol defines direct and indirect emissions slightly differently as follows: Direct GHG emissions are emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity. Indirect GHG emissions are emissions that are a consequence of the activities of the reporting entity, but occur at sources owned or controlled by another entity. How do I use this document? This document provides GHG emissions conversion factors for a variety of activities. You can directly input your activity data into the spreadsheet which will then calculate your emissions. Alternatively you can use the emissions factors provided for use in your own spreadsheet or programme. Page 5 of 54
2012 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting If you are using this document in order to calculate your organisation's GHG footprint, you must first read the Defra/DECC 'Guidance on how to measure and report on your greenhouse gas emissions' which is available at http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/economy/business-efficiency/reporting/ Where applicable, each Annex has a section called Scopes & Boundaries which gives a brief outline of what the different emissions factors include. Where possible, links to more detailed source information are also provided in each Annex. Summary of the main types of emissions to be reported under each scope Missing factors and additional guidance If you require GHG conversion factors that you cannot find here, or this guidance is unclear, or you have additional questions, please send us an email at ghgreporting@defra.gsi.gov.uk. We cannot undertake to provide all the conversion factors. Useful links: Defra publishes guidance for businesses on how to measure and report their GHG emissions: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/economy/business-efficiency/reporting The Department for Transport provides guidance to help companies report their work-related travel: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110503201342/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/sustainable/greenhouseg asemissions/ The Carbon Trust also provides information about carbon footprinting for companies available at http://www.carbontrust.com/client-services/footprinting/measurement The Publicly Available Specification (PAS): 2050 provides a method for measuring the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions from goods and services. It is available at http://www.bsigroup.com/en/Standards-and- Publications/How-we-can-help-you/Professional-Stan The Government's Act on CO2 Calculator may be used to calculate individual's personal carbon footprint from their day-to-day activity. It is available at: http://carboncalculator.direct.gov.uk/index.html Page 6 of 54
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