z/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method Services for Catalogs

More documents

Recommendations

Info

temporary data set. An uncataloged data set whosename begins with & or &&, that is normally used onlyfor the duration of a job or interactive session. Contrastwith permanent data set.threshold. A storage group attribute that controls thespace usage on DASD volumes, as a percentage ofoccupied tracks versus total tracks. The low migrationthreshold is used during primary space managementand interval migration to determine when to stopprocessing data. The high allocation threshold is used todetermine candidate volumes for new data setallocations. Volumes with occupancy lower than thehigh threshold are selected over volumes that meet orexceed the high threshold value.Time Sharing Option. In a z/OS environment,software that provides interactive communications,allowing a user or programmer to start an applicationfrom a terminal and work with the application.Time Sharing Option Extensions. The base for allTSO enhancements. It provides MVS users withadditional functions, improved usability, and betterperformance.TSO.TSO/E.USee Time Sharing OptionSee Time Sharing Option Extensionsunit of recovery. (1) A set of changes on one node thatis committed or backed out as part of an ACIDtransaction. (2) A UR is implicitly started the first timea resource manager touches a protected resource on anode. A UR ends when the two-phase commit processfor the ACID transaction changing it completes.use attribute. (1) The attribute assigned to a DASDvolume that controls when the volume can be used toallocate new data sets; use attributes are public, private,and storage. (2) For system-managed tape volumes, useattributes are scratch and private.user catalog. An optional catalog used in the sameway as the master catalog and pointed to by the mastercatalog. It lessens the contention for the master catalogand facilitates volume portability.user catalog connector.USVR.VSee catalog connector.User-security-verification routinevalidate. To check the completeness and consistency ofan individual ACS routine or an entire SMSconfiguration.VIO.Virtual input/outputVSAM record-level sharing (VSAM RLS). Anextension to VSAM that provides direct record-levelsharing of VSAM data sets from multiple addressspaces across multiple systems. Record-level sharinguses the z/OS Coupling Facility to providecross-system locking, local buffer invalidation, andcross-system data caching.virtual input/output (VIO) storage group. A type ofstorage group that allocates data sets to paging storage,which simulates a DASD volume. VIO storage groupsdo not contain any actual DASD volumes. See alsostorage group.volume. The storage space on DASD, tape, or opticaldevices, which is identified by a volume label. See alsoDASD volume, optical volume, tape volume.volume status. In the Storage ManagementSubsystem, indicates whether the volume is fullyavailable for system management:vvv“Initial” indicates that the volume is not ready forsystem management because it contains data setsthat are ineligible for system management.“Converted” indicates that all of the data sets on avolume have an associated storage class and arecataloged.“Non-system-managed” indicates that the volumedoes not contain any system-managed data sets andhas not been initialized as system-managed.volume table of contents (VTOC). A table on a directaccess volume that describes each data set on thevolume.VSAM.Virtual storage access methodVSAM record-level sharing (VSAM RLS). Anextension to VSAM that provides direct record-levelsharing of VSAM data sets from multiple addressspaces across multiple systems. Record-level sharinguses the z/OS Coupling Facility to providecross-system locking, local buffer invalidation, andcross-system data caching.VSAM sphere. The base cluster of a VSAM data setand its associated alternate indexes.VSAM volume control record (VVCR). The firstlogical record in the VVDS that contains information tomanage DASD space and the BCS back pointers.VSAM volume data set (VVDS). A data set thatdescribes the characteristics of VSAM andsystem-managed data sets residing on a given DASDvolume; part of a catalog. See also basic catalog structure.VSAM volume record (VVR).within a VVDS.VTOC.See volume table of contentsA VSAM logical record524 z/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method Services for Catalogs
VVCR.VVDS.See VSAM volume control recordSee VSAM volume data setVVR.See VSAM volume recordGlossary 525
Page 3 and 4:
z/OSDFSMS Access Method Services fo
Page 5 and 6:
ContentsFigures . . . . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9:
Examine Both Components of a Key-Se
Page 10 and 11:
Authorized Program Facility (APF) .
Page 12 and 13:
xz/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method Se
Page 14 and 15:
xiiz/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method
Page 16 and 17:
Accessing z/OS DFSMS documents on t
Page 18 and 19:
UNDERSCORED UPPERCASE BOLDFACEUnder
Page 20 and 21:
vvvvWhen the subparameter contains
Page 22 and 23:
owneridcan contain 1 to 8 EBCDIC ch
Page 24 and 25:
xxiiz/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method
Page 26 and 27:
xxivz/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method
Page 28 and 29:
GUARANTEED SPACE=YES in the storage
Page 30 and 31:
JCL DD Statement for a Target Data
Page 32 and 33:
From a Time Sharing Option SessionY
Page 34 and 35:
ALTER LIBRARYENTRYLets you alter al
Page 36 and 37:
The multilevel alias facility enhan
Page 38 and 39:
If this is a generic delete, the or
Page 40 and 41:
The multilevel alias facility and t
Page 42 and 43:
16 z/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method
Page 44 and 45:
IF-THEN-ELSE Command SequenceThe sy
Page 46 and 47:
If you want to indicate a null THEN
Page 48 and 49:
PARM[TEST({[TRACE][AREAS(areaid[ ar
Page 50 and 51:
SYSIN DD *PARM -TEST -(FULL -(ZZCA
Page 52 and 53:
Common Continuation Errors in Codin
Page 54 and 55:
Table 1. Summary of AMS commands (c
Page 56 and 57:
ALLOCATEvvYou can use the LIKE para
Page 58:
ALLOCATETable 2. Allocate Command P
Page 61 and 62:
ALLOCATEA Automatic record area buf
Page 63 and 64:
ALLOCATE- AVGREC- SPACEv Expiration
Page 65 and 66:
ALLOCATEKEYLEN(bytes)This is the le
Page 67 and 68:
ALLOCATEvvRECFM(F) or RECFM(F B), t
Page 69 and 70:
ALLOCATEIf you do not use VOLUME an
Page 71 and 72:
ALLOCATEYou cannot use the REUSE pa
Page 73 and 74:
ALLOCATE|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 75 and 76:
ALLOCATEvvFREESPACE and SHAREOPTION
Page 77 and 78:
ALLOCATE//ALLOC JOB ...//STEP1 EXEC
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter 5. ALTERThe ALTER command m
Page 81 and 82:
ALTERType of Catalog EntryCCSIDECSH
Page 83 and 84:
ALTER||Identify a generation data s
Page 85 and 86:
ALTERTYPEIMSIf you want to use BWO
Page 87 and 88:
ALTERIf FILE is not specified, an a
Page 89 and 90:
ALTERLOG(ALL). When you specify LOG
Page 91 and 92:
ALTERTable 4. How NEWNAME Resolves
Page 93 and 94:
ALTERLOGSTREAMIDWhen you use this,
Page 95 and 96:
ALTERSMS-managed volumes, and catal
Page 97 and 98:
ALTER||||||||||||||||should manage.
Page 99 and 100:
ALTERALTER ExamplesNOUPGRADESpecifi
Page 101 and 102:
Alter a Data Set Expiration Date: E
Page 103 and 104:
Chapter 6. ALTER LIBRARYENTRYThe AL
Page 105 and 106:
ALTER LIBRARYENTRYnumslotsIs the nu
Page 107 and 108:
ALTER LIBRARYENTRY||vLIBRARYENTRY a
Page 109 and 110:
Chapter 7. ALTER VOLUMEENTRYThe ALT
Page 111 and 112:
ALTER VOLUMEENTRYyou use this param
Page 113 and 114:
ALTER VOLUMEENTRYcontains commas, s
Page 115 and 116:
ALTER VOLUMEENTRYvvvvvVAL0001: Spec
Page 117 and 118:
Chapter 8. BLDINDEXThe BLDINDEX com
Page 119 and 120:
BLDINDEXnames for the work file DD
Page 121 and 122:
BLDINDEXIf the base cluster’s dat
Page 123 and 124:
BLDINDEXAMP='AMORG'Required.BLDINDE
Page 125 and 126:
Chapter 9. CREATE LIBRARYENTRYThe C
Page 127 and 128:
CREATE LIBRARYENTRY||||||||||||a li
Page 129 and 130:
CREATE LIBRARYENTRY|||||/*SCRATCHTH
Page 131 and 132:
Chapter 10. CREATE VOLUMEENTRYThe C
Page 133 and 134:
CREATE VOLUMEENTRYLIBRARYNAME(libna
Page 135 and 136:
CREATE VOLUMEENTRYshelfa 1-to-32 ch
Page 137 and 138:
CREATE VOLUMEENTRY//CREATVOL JOB ..
Page 139 and 140:
Chapter 11. DCOLLECTThe DFSMS Data
Page 141 and 142:
DCOLLECTDCOLLECT ParametersRACF Aut
Page 143 and 144:
DCOLLECTMIGRATEDATArequires collect
Page 145 and 146:
DCOLLECTFor example, you might use
Page 147 and 148:
DCOLLECTvvMIGRATEDATA creates data
Page 149 and 150:
Chapter 12. DEFINE ALIASThe DEFINE
Page 151 and 152:
DEFINE ALIAS//DEFUCALS JOB ...//STE
Page 153 and 154:
Chapter 13. DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXTh
Page 155 and 156:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXNAME(entryname
Page 157 and 158:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXIf you do not
Page 159 and 160:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXDATACLASS para
Page 161 and 162:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXWhen you use a
Page 163 and 164:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXWhen you use B
Page 165 and 166:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXTo ensure data
Page 167 and 168:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXWhen UPGRADE i
Page 169 and 170:
DEFINE ALTERNATEINDEXv KILOBYTES al
Page 171 and 172:
Chapter 14. DEFINE CLUSTERUsing Acc
Page 173 and 174:
DEFINE CLUSTERTo avoid potential fa
Page 175 and 176:
DEFINE CLUSTERDEFINE RECORDS alloca
Page 177 and 178:
DEFINE CLUSTERvvThe storage group t
Page 179 and 180:
DEFINE CLUSTERThe size of the contr
Page 181 and 182:
DEFINE CLUSTERresident or reserved.
Page 183 and 184:
DEFINE CLUSTERSpace is allocated fo
Page 185 and 186:
DEFINE CLUSTERnames of the manageme
Page 187 and 188:
DEFINE CLUSTERwhere:v MAXLRECL is t
Page 189 and 190:
DEFINE CLUSTERintegrity. VSAM ensur
Page 191 and 192:
DEFINE CLUSTERAbbreviation: NSPNDSP
Page 193 and 194:
Define an SMS-Managed Key-Sequenced
Page 195 and 196:
DEFINE CLUSTERvvvvKEYS shows that t
Page 197 and 198:
DEFINE CLUSTER//SYSIN DD *DEFINE CL
Page 199 and 200:
DEFINE CLUSTERThe first DEFINE CLUS
Page 201 and 202:
Chapter 15. DEFINE GENERATIONDATAGR
Page 203 and 204:
DEFINE GENERATIONDATAGROUP|||||||||
Page 205 and 206:
DEFINE GENERATIONDATAGROUPvvvEMPTY
Page 207 and 208:
Chapter 16. DEFINE NONVSAMUsing Acc
Page 209 and 210:
DEFINE NONVSAMYou can code DEVICETY
Page 211 and 212:
DEFINE NONVSAM||||||||||||||||Catal
Page 213 and 214:
DEFINE NONVSAM/*VOLUMES(VSER02) ) -
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 17. DEFINE PAGESPACEThe DEF
Page 217 and 218:
Optional ParametersCATALOG(catname)
Page 219 and 220:
DEFINE PAGESPACEThe storage class p
Page 221 and 222:
Define a Page Space in another Cata
Page 223 and 224:
Chapter 18. DEFINE PATHThe DEFINE P
Page 225 and 226:
DEFINE PATH||||||||||||||||TO(date)
Page 227 and 228:
Chapter 19. DEFINE USERCATALOGThe D
Page 229 and 230:
DEFINE USERCATALOGspace. You can sp
Page 231 and 232:
DEFINE USERCATALOGAbbreviation: BFN
Page 233 and 234:
DEFINE USERCATALOGWhen no FREESPACE
Page 235 and 236:
DEFINE USERCATALOGSHAREOPTIONS(cros
Page 237 and 238:
DEFINE USERCATALOGData and Index Co
Page 239 and 240:
DEFINE USERCATALOGvclass named SPEC
Page 241 and 242:
DEFINE USERCATALOGvCATALOG specifie
Page 243 and 244:
Chapter 20. DELETEThe DELETE comman
Page 245 and 246:
DELETECLUSTERspecifies that the obj
Page 247 and 248:
DELETETo delete a user catalog when
Page 249 and 250:
DELETEallocate the entry name. Dyna
Page 251 and 252:
DELETERECOVERY|NORECOVERYspecifies
Page 253 and 254:
DELETEremoved has no data sets in t
Page 255 and 256:
Delete a Non-VSAM Data Set’s Entr
Page 257 and 258:
Delete a User Catalog: Example 8In
Page 259 and 260:
DELETEThe second DELETE command rem
Page 261 and 262:
Delete an OAM Collection Name Catal
Page 263 and 264:
Chapter 21. DIAGNOSEThe DIAGNOSE co
Page 265 and 266:
DIAGNOSECOMPAREDS(dsname [ dsname..
Page 267 and 268:
DIAGNOSEJob control language statem
Page 269 and 270:
DIAGNOSE/*DIAGNOSE -VVDS -INFILE(DI
Page 271 and 272:
Chapter 22. EXAMINEThe EXAMINE comm
Page 273 and 274:
EXAMINE//EXAMEX2 JOB//STEP1 EXEC PG
Page 275 and 276:
Chapter 23. EXPORTThe EXPORT comman
Page 277 and 278:
EXPORTDuring CIMODE processing, dat
Page 279 and 280:
EXPORTEXPORT ExamplesAbbreviation:
Page 281 and 282:
Export an Entry-Sequenced Cluster:
Page 283 and 284:
Chapter 24. EXPORT DISCONNECTThe EX
Page 285 and 286:
Chapter 25. IMPORTThe IMPORT comman
Page 287 and 288:
IMPORTOUTFILE(ddname)specifies the
Page 289 and 290:
IMPORTdata set. If the define of an
Page 291 and 292:
IMPORTvvvIf VOLUMES is specified wi
Page 293 and 294:
Import a Cluster Utilizing SMS Keyw
Page 295 and 296:
IMPORTmethod services then redefine
Page 297 and 298:
IMPORTvCATALOG identifies the catal
Page 299 and 300:
Chapter 26. IMPORT CONNECTThe IMPOR
Page 301 and 302:
IMPORT CONNECTvvCONNECT specifies t
Page 303 and 304:
Chapter 27. LISTCATThe LISTCAT comm
Page 305 and 306:
LISTCATINDEXspecifies that entries
Page 307 and 308:
LISTCATAbbreviation: LVLExamples of
Page 309 and 310:
LISTCATLISTCAT ExamplesAbbreviation
Page 311 and 312:
LISTCATList Catalog Entries: Exampl
Page 313 and 314:
|||||||||||||||||Chapter 28. LISTDA
Page 315 and 316:
LISTDATA|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 317 and 318:
LISTDATA|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 319 and 320:
LISTDATA||||||||||||||||||vFILE, wh
Page 321 and 322:
Chapter 29. PRINTThe PRINT command
Page 323 and 324:
PRINTkeys (that is, a portion of th
Page 325 and 326:
PRINTAbbreviation: NODCKTOKEY(key)|
Page 327 and 328:
PRINTIDCAMS SYSTEM SERVICES TIME: 1
Page 329 and 330:
PRINTvCOUNT specifies that 15 recor
Page 331 and 332:
Chapter 30. REPROThe REPRO command
Page 333 and 334:
REPROdisposition of OLD. You can co
Page 335 and 336:
REPRONone of these parameters can b
Page 337 and 338:
REPROThe merge operation can be res
Page 339 and 340:
REPRONOREUSEspecifies that records
Page 341 and 342:
REPROThis section lists and describ
Page 343 and 344:
REPROthe name the key is known by o
Page 345 and 346:
REPROJob control language statement
Page 347 and 348:
Merge Selected Entries (Split) from
Page 349 and 350:
REPROassumed that the input data se
Page 351 and 352:
REPROvvvvvINFILE points to the CRYP
Page 353 and 354:
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 355 and 356:
SETCACHE|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 357 and 358:
SETCACHE|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 359 and 360:
SETCACHE|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 361 and 362:
SETCACHE||||vafter SETCACHE SUBSYST
Page 363 and 364:
SETCACHE|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 365 and 366:
Chapter 32. SHCDSUse the SHCDS comm
Page 367 and 368:
SHCDS|vvvRemoving the SMSVSAM serve
Page 369 and 370:
SHCDSLISTRECOVERY(base-cluster)list
Page 371 and 372:
SHCDS||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Page 373 and 374:
SHCDSSCHDS Examplespossible for dat
Page 375 and 376:
Chapter 33. VERIFYThe VERIFY comman
Page 377 and 378:
Appendix A. Security Authorization
Page 379 and 380:
Security AuthorizationsTable 6. Req
Page 381 and 382:
Security AuthorizationsTable 10. Re
Page 383 and 384:
Appendix B. Interpreting LISTCAT Ou
Page 385 and 386:
LISTCAT OutputRLS IN USEVSAM QUIESC
Page 387 and 388:
LISTCAT OutputSPLITS-CI (STA)SPANNE
Page 389 and 390:
LISTCAT OutputVOLSER (VLS)VOLUME (V
Page 391 and 392:
LISTCAT OutputHISTORY (HIS)RELEASE
Page 393 and 394:
LISTCAT OutputEntries are identifie
Page 395 and 396:
LISTCAT OutputNOTRKOVFL—The physi
Page 397 and 398:
LISTCAT Outputentryname—The name
Page 399 and 400:
LISTCAT Output||set. When using com
Page 401 and 402:
LISTCAT OutputEXTENT-NUMBER—The n
Page 403 and 404:
LISTCAT Output// VOL=SER=TAPE10,LAB
Page 405 and 406:
LISTCAT OutputLISTCAT Output Listin
Page 407 and 408:
LISTCAT OutputLISTCAT -LEVEL(USER)
Page 409 and 410:
LISTCAT OutputDATA ---------- USER.
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
LISTCAT OutputALLOCATIONSPACE-TYPE-
Page 415 and 416:
LISTCAT OutputAIX ----------- USER.
Page 417 and 418:
LISTCAT OutputSTATISTICSREC-TOTAL--
Page 419 and 420:
LISTCAT OutputCLUSTER ------- USER.
Page 421 and 422:
LISTCAT OutputALLOCATIONSPACE-TYPE-
Page 423 and 424:
LISTCAT OutputLISTCAT LEVEL(ZTAMS00
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
LISTCAT OutputPATH ---------- USER.
Page 429 and 430:
LISTCAT OutputLISTCAT HISTORY Outpu
Page 431 and 432:
LISTCAT OutputNONVSAM ------- USER.
Page 433 and 434:
LISTCAT OutputWhen the LISTCAT EXPI
Page 435 and 436:
LISTCAT OutputFor LISTCAT VOLUME, a
Page 437 and 438:
Appendix C. Interpreting SHCDS Outp
Page 439 and 440:
SHCDS OutputvvIs not in NON-RLS UPD
Page 441 and 442:
SHCDS OutputSHCDS LISTDS(SYSPLEX.KS
Page 443 and 444:
SHCDS OutputLISTSUBSYSDSThe followi
Page 445 and 446:
SHCDS OutputSHCDS LISTSUBSYSDS(ALL)
Page 447 and 448:
Appendix D. Invoking Access Method
Page 449 and 450:
Invoking from ProgramLOAD and CALL
Page 451 and 452:
Invoking from ProgramARGUMENT LISTO
Page 453 and 454:
Invoking from ProgramEntry and exit
Page 455 and 456:
Invoking from ProgramFigure 32. Arg
Page 457 and 458:
Appendix E. DCOLLECT User ExitUser
Page 459 and 460:
DCOLLECT User ExitIDCDCX1 TITLE ’
Page 461 and 462:
***********************************
Page 463 and 464:
Appendix F. Interpreting DCOLLECT O
Page 465 and 466:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 14. DCOLLECT O
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 15. DCOLLECT D
Page 475 and 476:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 15. DCOLLECT D
Page 477 and 478:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 16. DCOLLECT S
Page 479 and 480:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 17. DCOLLECT M
Page 481 and 482:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 17. DCOLLECT M
Page 483 and 484:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 19. DCOLLECT S
Page 485 and 486:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 20. DCOLLECT B
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
DCOLLECT OutputTable 25. DCOLLECT A
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
DCOLLECT OutputDCDFLAG2DCDFLAG3DCDD
Page 499 and 500: DCOLLECT OutputDCDLBKDT The system
Page 501 and 502: DCOLLECT OutputDCAHURBADCAHARBAThe
Page 503 and 504: DCOLLECT OutputDCVFRAGIDCVLGEXTDCVF
Page 505 and 506: DCOLLECT OutputDDCCNTLDDCRETPDDDCVO
Page 507 and 508: DCOLLECT OutputDDCKOFFDDCCOMPDDCMED
Page 509 and 510: DCOLLECT Outputmajority of I/O sche
Page 511 and 512: DCOLLECT OutputDMCRLFDMCGDGFLDMCPEL
Page 513 and 514: DCOLLECT OutputDMCBKFLGDMCBKFQDMCBK
Page 515 and 516: DCOLLECT OutputDMCTSLUDMCPERDDMCVSC
Page 517 and 518: DCOLLECT OutputDBCDUNITDBCSRSTDBCST
Page 519 and 520: DCOLLECT OutputDSGNMFLDDSGUSERDSGDA
Page 521 and 522: DCOLLECT OutputDSGABSYSDSGADSYSDSGA
Page 523 and 524: DCOLLECT OutputDSGOLIBSDSGSSTATThes
Page 525 and 526: DCOLLECT OutputDDRNSTAT (8)This fie
Page 527 and 528: DCOLLECT OutputDLBDCLENDLBDCLNMDLBD
Page 529 and 530: DCOLLECT OutputUBDSNAMUBINCATUBNOEN
Page 531 and 532: DCOLLECT OutputUCLEVEL Identifies t
Page 533 and 534: DCOLLECT OutputUTPARTUTEMPTYContain
Page 535 and 536: Appendix G. AccessibilityUsing assi
Page 537 and 538: NoticesThis information was develop
Page 539 and 540: GlossaryThis glossary defines techn
Page 541 and 542: uffer. A routine or storage used to
Page 543 and 544: DFSMS environment. An environment t
Page 545 and 546: programs, it provides a means of ge
Page 547 and 548: PDSE.See partitioned data set exten
Page 549: cache), primary storage (DASD conta
Page 553 and 554: IndexAaccess method services 83attr
Page 555 and 556: COMPACTION parameterALTER VOLUMEENT
Page 557 and 558: entryname subparameter (continued)V
Page 559 and 560: LIBDEVTYPE parameter (continued)CRE
Page 561 and 562: NUMBERED parameterDEFINE commandCLU
Page 563 and 564: security authorization (continued)l
Page 565 and 566: WRITECHECK parameter (continued)DEF
Page 567 and 568: Readers’ Comments — We’d Like
Page 570: Program Number: 5694-A01Printed in
show all

z/OS V1R6.0 DFSMS Access Method Services for Catalogs

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?