220-Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 2nd Edition-Gerhard Nahler Annette Mollet-3211898352-S

110masmaster file → see Drug Master File, Trial Master File.master plan → see study list.master record → see device master record.matched pairs → see minimization, randomisation.maximum acceptable deviation (active ingredient content) → seeactive ingredient, radiopharmaceutical.maximum acceptable difference (MD) Largest true difference betweentreatments that a subject in the trial should be expected toaccept and yet continue in the trial.maximum non-lethal dose (MNLD) Highest single dose which doesnot induce death in animals; has replaced calculation of LD-50values.maximum repeatable dose (MRD) Dose which provides the firstevidence of significant toxicity whereby the substance is administeredin increasingly larger dosages – each three to four days – tothe same group of animals; → see also toxicity tests.maximum tolerated dose (MTD) Dose which provides the firstevidence of treatment limiting toxicity; refers to: (1) moderate decreasein weight gain of animals, not exceeding 10%, and usuallydetermined on the base of results of 90 day studies; (2) anticancerdrug evaluated in phase i patient trials in oncology; → see noel,toxicity tests.maximum tolerated systemic exposure (MTSE) Dose escalation strategyin phase I clinical trials for drugs likely to have a clear concentration-effectrelationship; → see also continuous reassessmentmethod (CRM), dose escalation, fibonacci search scheme,pharmacokinetically guided dose escalations (PGDE).mean Arithmetic mean: average of a number of values (the sum ofthe values divided by the number of observations, X = (x1+x2+ …xn)/n; the geometric mean is defined as the n-root of the productof the values, lgX = (lgx1+lgx2+ … lgxn)/n; if the data are normallydistributed the mean and median coincide; → see also mode, distribution,standard error.mean blood pressure (MBP) → see mean arterial blood pressure.mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) defined as: diastolic BP +1/3x(systolic – diastolic BP).measurement properties Accuracy, consistency, precision, reliability,reproducibility, validity, variability.median midmost value of a distribution; 50% of n observations havehigher, and 50% lower values, therefore = (n + 1)/2; → see alsomean, mode, distribution.medical audit Systematic, critical analysis of the quality of medicalcare, including the procedures used for diagnosis and treatment,