epresentsonly7%of<strong>the</strong>worldpopulation,itstradewith<strong>the</strong>restof<strong>the</strong>worldaccountsforaboutonefifthofglobalimportsandexports.Ma<strong>in</strong>conclusions<strong>Multil<strong>in</strong>gual</strong>ismisavastissuewithtransversaleffectsonbus<strong>in</strong>ess.Amultil<strong>in</strong>gualcompanyhas a competitive advantage when sell<strong>in</strong>g its products and services. Language skills andsociocultural aptitudes must be taken <strong>in</strong>to consideration at each operat<strong>in</strong>g level of acompany.Measuresandrecommendations<strong>in</strong>favourofmultil<strong>in</strong>gualism<strong>in</strong>bus<strong>in</strong>essmustbepromotedboth at <strong>the</strong> European level and locally, as <strong>the</strong> repercussions of multil<strong>in</strong>gualism <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>bus<strong>in</strong>ess area are local and strategic, <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g various operational levels <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> company.Thus,multil<strong>in</strong>gualismisaglobalaswellasatransversalissue<strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong>organisation,ma<strong>in</strong>lyasaresultofborderlessdigitalcommunication.<strong>Multil<strong>in</strong>gual</strong>ismisasensitiveissue<strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong>bus<strong>in</strong>essenvironment.Oftenitcanbeconsideredtobeastrategicissueandmayevenbeconfidential.Itcanbr<strong>in</strong>gaboutachange<strong>in</strong>strategyand <strong>in</strong> company management targeted towards <strong>the</strong> best competitive advantage foroptimis<strong>in</strong>gsalesanddevelop<strong>in</strong>gbus<strong>in</strong>ess.4
INTRODUCTIONThis is <strong>the</strong> f<strong>in</strong>al report of <strong>the</strong> ‘Study on best multil<strong>in</strong>gual bus<strong>in</strong>ess practices <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>EU</strong>’,conducted by Bureau van Dijk Information Management for <strong>the</strong> DirectorateGeneral forTranslation<strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong>EuropeanCommission.Thestudymapsbestmultil<strong>in</strong>gualbus<strong>in</strong>esspractices<strong>in</strong>Europeanundertak<strong>in</strong>gsandpresentsasetofrecommendationsbasedon<strong>the</strong>identificationofcasestudies<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>dividualcompaniesandanoverviewofmultil<strong>in</strong>gualbus<strong>in</strong>essstrategies<strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong>EuropeanUnion.Theobjectivesof<strong>the</strong>studyareto: analyse best practices for multil<strong>in</strong>gualism <strong>in</strong> European companies tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>toaccount<strong>the</strong>needtotargetnewcustomersandnewmarketsandalsotobuildlast<strong>in</strong>gstrategicrelationships;identify<strong>the</strong>benefitsofthosebestpracticesforEuropeancompaniesandEuropean<strong>in</strong>stitutionsforfuturereferencewithaviewtoimprov<strong>in</strong>geconomicactivity.The expected results of <strong>the</strong> study are twofold: <strong>the</strong> identification of best practices <strong>in</strong>multil<strong>in</strong>gualbus<strong>in</strong>ess<strong>in</strong>Europeancountries;and<strong>the</strong>def<strong>in</strong>itionofrecommendationsbasedoncasestudies<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>dividualcompanies.1.THE<strong>EU</strong>ROPEANBUSINESSENVIRONMENTIn <strong>the</strong> European Union, multil<strong>in</strong>gualism concerns a population of 500 million Europeancitizens, spread over 27 states, <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g 23 official languages: Bulgarian, Czech, Danish,Dutch,English,Estonian,F<strong>in</strong>nish,French,German,Greek,Hungarian,Irish,Italian,Latvian,Lithuanian,Maltese,Polish,Portuguese,Romanian,Slovak,Slovenian,Spanish,andSwedish.Bywayofcomparison,<strong>the</strong>reare105officiallanguages<strong>in</strong><strong>the</strong>world.Inall<strong>EU</strong>countries,<strong>the</strong>servicesector(bank<strong>in</strong>g,tourism,transport,<strong>in</strong>suranceetc.)generatesover 60% of gross domestic product (GDP). Although <strong>in</strong>dustry and agriculture are stillimportantsectors,<strong>the</strong>ireconomicimportancehasdecl<strong>in</strong>ed<strong>in</strong>recentyears.Thes<strong>in</strong>glemarketisoneof<strong>the</strong>EuropeanUnion'sgreatestachievements.Ithashelpedtodismantleeconomicbarriers<strong>in</strong>Europeandto<strong>in</strong>creasecompetition,lead<strong>in</strong>gtobetterqualitygoods and services and lower prices. These price reductions have been particularlyperceptible <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> fields of air travel and communications. The s<strong>in</strong>gle market has greatlyfacilitated trade between Member States. Goods, services, capital and people now movefreelybeyondnationalborders.Onaverage,tradebetween<strong>EU</strong>MemberStatesrepresentstwothirdsoftotal<strong>EU</strong>trade,although<strong>the</strong>levelsvarybetweenMemberStates.5