SECTION 8- RESOURCE SPECIFIC CRITERIAHISTORIC RESOURCESLABINSPortion of 1849 G.L.O. Survey, Township 21, Range 26. with the route of the<strong>Scenic</strong> Byway overlaid (red line), from the Northern Terminus to about Mile 6. Thetrail found in the 1849 survey (highlighted in blue) is running from the centerbottom of the map to the northwest. It is possible that this trail is the Route of theArmy illustrated on the 1838 Map of the Seat of War in <strong>Florida</strong>.Regional transportation depended nearly entirely upon the lake. Sandy trailsthrough the pines and palmettos connected boat landings to those thatsettled away from the waterway. Lake Apopka, while at the time the state’s84
SECTION 8- RESOURCE SPECIFIC CRITERIAHISTORIC RESOURCESsecond largest lake, had no navigable outlet, and all trade goods had to betransported in and out of the area by horse, mule and oxcart. The earlysettlers ate most of the crops they grew, and depended upon the wild gameof the piney woods and fish from Lake Apopka, much like the NativeAmericans had before them.By October of 1860, the area was settled enough that mail service by mulewas established between Orlando, Starke Lake (now Ocoee), Oakland,Montverde, West Apopka (now Ferndale), Yalaha, Bloomfield, andOkahumpka. Mail service was not continuous, however, and was suspendedat least once.The end of the Civil War in 1865 brought with it an influx of settlers. The richmuck lands around the shore of Lake Apopka were capable of yieldingexcellent vegetable harvests, and the higher ground was perfect for citrus,but lack of transportation held back the marketing of the produce.In an effort to relieve the restriction that lack of economical transport wasplacing on the economy of the local region, in 1879 the Apopka CanalCompany was formed to dredge a canal between Lake Apopka and LakeBeauclair. Lake Beauclair is located north of Lake Apopka, and is connectedto the Oklawaha Chain of Lakes. Freight from Lake Apopka could be shippedthrough the canal, then across the Oklawaha Chain to the Oklawaha River,then downriver to Welaka on the St. John’s. From Welaka freight could beloaded onto boats for shipment to Jacksonville, where it could then betransshipped to anywhere in the world.The Apopka – Beauclair Canal turned out to be a much larger undertakingthan originally envisioned, and work was not completed until 1887. Too latein fact, to play much of a role in ending the area’s transportation woes,because the canal had been beaten to the punch by the railroads. In 1886,the Orange Belt Line had completed a railroad connecting Oakland, on theSouthern end of Lake Apopka, with the Jacksonville, Tampa, and Key WestRailroad at Lake Monroe near Sanford.An immediate and permanent consequence of the opening of the canal wasan immediate drop in the elevation of the lake level. Marsh and wetlandsringing the lake were drained. Small scale muck farming began, and theproduce industry expanded. Marshland that was not cultivated began to growinto wetland hardwood hammocks.The same year that saw the completion of the Apopka – Beauclair Canal,1887, also saw the connection of the two communities on the west side ofLake Apopka, Montverde and West Apopka (Ferndale), to the rest of the85