Improving Maternal and Infant Nutrition: A Framework for Action

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• avoid pate, certain types of cheese, raw or partially cooked eggs, rawshellfish, raw and uncooked meat.• limit their caffeine intake to less than 200 micrograms each day which isequivalent to two mugs of instant coffee, two mugs of tea or five cans of cola.• avoid alcohol completely.In addition to advice on general healthy eating, breastfeeding women are advised to:• take a daily supplement containing ten micrograms of vitamin D for as long asthey are breastfeeding.
Appendix 4: NICE Public Health Guidance 11 Research RecommendationsNICE recommends research commissioners and funders should:1. Commission research into effective ways of improving the nutritional status ofpre-conceptual women, pregnant and breastfeeding women and young children.This should identify effective ways of engaging with women both before andduring pregnancy. It should pay particular attention to: teenage parents, lowincomefamilies and families from minority ethnic or disadvantaged groups;promoting oily fish, vegetable and fruit consumption; helping women who maybecome pregnant, particularly those who are obese, to achieve a healthy bodyweight prior to pregnancy; and promoting uptake of folic acid supplements priorto conception and the uptake of vitamin D supplements during pregnancy andwhile breastfeeding.2. Commission research into how best to encourage and support women tobreastfeed exclusively during the first 6 months and how to ensure all womenbreastfeed for longer.3. Commission research on interventions which reduce the incidence of foodallergy among infants and young children, particularly when introducing solidfoods.4. Commission research into the acceptability of dietary and lifestyle interventionsto improve the vitamin D status of mothers and children aged up to five years,particularly those from vulnerable groups. This should also assess the relativecontribution made by exposing the skin to ultra-violet light and dietarysupplements.5. Commission research into the prevention of early dental caries among childrenaged up to five years, especially those from vulnerable groups. This should focuson children’s drinks and snacks.6. Research councils, national and local research commissioners and funders,research workers and journal editors should include as standard in nutritionalresearch and policy evaluation reports: a clear, detailed description of what wasdelivered, over what period, to whom in what setting; the costs of delivering theintervention; measurable and clearly defined health outcomes; an estimation ofthe sample size required to demonstrate, with adequate statistical power, theimpact on health; differences in access, recruitment and (where relevant data areavailable) uptake according to socioeconomic and cultural variables such associal class, education, gender, income or ethnicity; a description and rationale ofthe research methods and forms of interpretation used; embedded processevaluations that include recipient perspectives. Develop methods forsynthesising and interpreting results across studies conducted in differentlocalities, policy environments and population groups. Formulate rigorous andtransparent methods for assessing external validity and for translating evidenceinto practice.
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Improving Maternaland Infant Nutrit
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© Crown copyright 2011ISBN: 978-0-
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• Indicators for Outcomes 6.9•
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Executive SummaryImproving the nutr
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IntroductionIn order to change infa
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important for the scope to go beyon
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1.6 In 2003, the Royal College of P
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1.17 The Healthy Start Scheme was i
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Chapter 2: Why is Maternal and Infa
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Birth Weight and Health2.10 A mothe
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her wider community. The factors ar
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2.31 Infant formula is manufactured
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Summary2.48 The diet and nutritiona
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Birth weight of infants born in Sco
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Breastfeeding at Birth3.23 Informat
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Figure 5: Breastfeeding at the 6-8
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3. Water should be added to the bot
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Chapter 4: Current Activity across
Page 41 and 42: AccreditedAyrshire Maternity Unit,
Page 43 and 44: Community Mothers Breastfeeding Sup
Page 45 and 46: 4.18 Just over half of Boards had a
Page 47 and 48: policies for each nursery, provisio
Page 49 and 50: 4.26 Eight Boards had an obesity st
Page 51 and 52: Promoting and Supporting Breastfeed
Page 53 and 54: Parents Cooking Group, Gowans Child
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 5: Process for Development
Page 57 and 58: FoodMediaKnowledgeSkillsIncomeCommu
Page 59 and 60: Government and WHO publications. It
Page 61 and 62: OUTCOMESShort Term (0-3 yr) Medium
Page 63 and 64: 5.24 The activities were compared t
Page 65 and 66: • Introduce new routinely collect
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 7: Action Plan7.1 It is rec
Page 69 and 70: training and be integrated into und
Page 71 and 72: 2. Baby Friendly InitiativeActivity
Page 73 and 74: 3.5 Work with private sector compan
Page 75: Breastfeeding Mothers• Access to
Page 83 and 84: 18. Kelly Y, Panico L, Bartley M, e
Page 85 and 86: 56. Gregory J, Collins D, Davies P
Page 87 and 88: Appendix 1: Membership of Maternal
Page 89 and 90: Appendix 2: Membership of sub-group
Page 91: Appendix 3: Healthy eating advice f
Page 95 and 96: Appendix 5: Indicators for Short, M
Page 97 and 98: 6 All relevant national & localpoli
Page 99 and 100: complementary feedingRelevant resou
Page 101 and 102: 15 Increased acceptability ofbreast
Page 103 and 104: 23 reduced inequalities in childnut
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