The Navy SEAL Physical Fitness Guide - Uniformed Services ...

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Table 12-5. Musculoskeletal Injuries Associated withMission-ElementsPlatformDescription of InjurySteel Decks:Knee Cap Pain (Patellofemoral Syndrome)Shin SplintsLow Back PainHigh Speed Boats:Knee Sprain with EffusionBack PainQuadriceps StrainTendonitis below Knee Cap (Patellar)Parachute Jumps:FracturesPatellar TendonitisLow Back Strain/SprainMuscle StrainConfined Space (Submarine):Header (Head Blow)Shin ContusionsTroop Transport:Rappelling/Rock Climbing:Shin SplintsRope BurnsElbow TendonitisAbrasions of the FingersBiceps TendonitisBack StrainShoulder SprainFast Roping:Deep Heel Bruises212 Training and Sports Related Injuries
SwimmingSwimming is a non-impact activity involving maximum tension on the muscletendonunit. Most injuries result from overuse and over training, rather than from onetraumatic event. Consequently, once an injury occurs, healing can prove difficult.The older, experienced operator, despite a high skill level, faces the added challengeof tendons and joint capsules that are less resilient, muscles that take longer to warm up,and flexibility which is more difficult to maintain. All of these factors can lead to anincreased risk of overuse and acute injury in this age group. The most common injuriesarising from endurance swimming are sprains, strains and overuse injuries of the shoulder,knee and back.Stroke-Associated InjuriesFreestyle, butterfly, and backstroke place a great amount of stress on theshoulder joint. Use alternate or bilateral breathing on freestyle and be sure to get plenty ofroll on backstroke. Before beginning a butterfly set, be sure you are well warmed up. Thiswill allow the shoulder to stay in a more neutral position during the activity of arm recoveryand this neutral position helps prevent what is known as “impingement syndrome”(described later in Table 12-8).Freestyle swimming and kicking with a kickboard places a greatamount of stress on the low back because of hyperextension; doing the backstroke relievesthe stress. A pullbuoy is also helpful as it raises the hips and allows the spine to assume amore neutral posture.Kicking with fins may aggravate the knee (especially the knee cap) and resultin a degenerative condition known as patellofemoral syndrome, which commonlyafflicts athletic individuals (described later in Table 12-8).The breaststroke kick helps balance the knee joint by increasing musculartone on the inside of the quadriceps muscle, and serves to balance the effect that runninghas: increasing muscular tone on the outside portion of the quadriceps muscle. However,the breaststroke may actually intensify iliotibial band syndrome (described later inTable 12-8). Swimmers may need to avoid doing breaststroke if they feel increased painover the outside of the knee.The Navy SEAL Physical Fitness Guide 213
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The Navy SEAL PhysicalFitness Guide
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About the AuthorsCAPT Frank K. Butl
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Warfare (SEAL) personnel, U.S. Mari
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An Introduction byRADM Raymond C. S
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Chapter 2 SEAL Mission-Related Phys
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Underwater Training 86Varying Your
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Elements of a Load-Bearing Conditio
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Summary of Ergogenic Agents 244Prot
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Table 3-13. Workload Conversion She
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Table 15-2. Alternate Activities fo
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Figure 7-4. Recommended Exercise Se
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Table 0-1. Skill- and Health-Relate
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Aerobic Metabolism: Most of the ene
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MET (Metabolic Equivalent Unit): A
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Type I Muscle FibersType I muscle f
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Figure 1-1. Muscle Fiber Compositio
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Measure your heart rate by taking y
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Figure 1-4. An Example for Determin
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Table 1-2. Percentage Contributed b
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if you were exercising continuously
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" Decrease in maximal aerobic capac
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Swimming is not the only mission-re
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Combat Swimmer OperationsWith the c
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Winter Warfare operations often req
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Table 2-2. Physical Requirements fo
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SummaryThe most important types of
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Basics Concepts ofCardiorespiratory
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Anaerobic PowerHow much strenuous w
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" The degree of aerobic training is
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Table 3-2. Stages and Work Rates fo
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40 Cardiorespiratory ConditioningHe
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many challenges. It is also a very
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" A stroke rate between 24 and 30 p
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hr, and a moderate workout would be
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than 35 steps/minute, whereas a hig
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Other Terms for Work RateOther term
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52 Cardiorespiratory Conditioning
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Running GearRunning ShoesA good pai
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" Cantilever is a concave outsole d
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If you have high arches you will ne
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Sometimes low cost, over-the-counte
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Table 4-2. Running Surfaces: From B
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FootstrikeFor most runners, other t
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Figure 4-5. Ways to Increase Runnin
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" After you finish, stretch and wal
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Table 4-5. Frequency of Running Inj
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Open Water GearIn the pure sense th
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Table 5-1. Recommended Fin TypesTyp
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" Getting the best possible fit; tr
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developed guidelines for use of pas
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These are useful to develop the fee
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Figure 5-2 illustrates how the diff
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Freestyle Swim: 10 x 100 m with 45
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Underwater TrainingSwimming underwa
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For beginning freestyle swimmers, a
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Figure 5-7. Side and Front Views of
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" One Arm Freestyle: May be done wi
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Technology has allowed the developm
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The TIME you spend on weight traini
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Determining Repetition MaximumsThe
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Table 6-4. Intensity Levels Relativ
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Table 6-6. Strength Development Pha
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Table 6-8. Week 1: Circuit Training
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Cooling Down andStretchingUpon the
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108 Strength Training
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alanced physical conditioning progr
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The quadriceps muscle is quickly st
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above, when a muscle is slowly stre
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physical activity whether it be str
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Figure 7-4. Recommended Exercise Se
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Table 7-1. Dynamic Stretch Exercise
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Table 7-1. Dynamic Stretch Exercise
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Table 7-2. Static Stretch Exercises
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" Sudy, Mitchell (Ed.). Personal Tr
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Increasing the number of repetition
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A unit's PT schedule should beflexi
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" Incorporate a total body flexibil
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neck into flexion. The fingertips o
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For a 30-minute workout, choose 1 t
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Table 8-2. Recommended Calisthenics
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endurance. Depending on the fitness
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156 CalisthenicsTable 8-4. Buddy Ex
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Resources" Gain W., Hartmann J. Str
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Plyometric training is very intense
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Page 190 and 191: Plyometric TrainingPlyometric train
Page 192 and 193: Table 9-3. Plyometric ExercisesExer
Page 194 and 195: Table 9-3. Plyometric ExercisesExer
Page 196 and 197: Table 9-4. Upper Body PlyometricsEx
Page 198 and 199: 174 Plyometrics
Page 200 and 201: " Physiological and environmental f
Page 202 and 203: Figure 10-1. Workload and Energy Ex
Page 204 and 205: Lack of sleep can compromise your m
Page 206 and 207: " One hump at least every other wee
Page 208 and 209: 184 Load-Bearing
Page 210 and 211: Training in HotEnvironmentsExercisi
Page 212 and 213: " Dehydration." Salt depletion." Il
Page 214 and 215: " Optimize acclimation by a careful
Page 216 and 217: HypothermiaA lowering of body core
Page 218 and 219: Training at AltitudeAn athlete’s
Page 220 and 221: Acclimation to AltitudeProlonged ex
Page 222 and 223: transient and reversible.Although m
Page 224 and 225: Treatments for Training-Related Inj
Page 226 and 227: Table 12-1. Tips for Applying Ice:
Page 228 and 229: " Increased blood pressure." Decrea
Page 230 and 231: Return to Mission-Related TasksUlti
Page 232 and 233: Sprains and StrainsLigaments attach
Page 234 and 235: " A change in shoe wear (worn out s
Page 238 and 239: Running and HikingRunning and hikin
Page 240 and 241: over a period of several days. A da
Page 242 and 243: 218 Training and Sports Related Inj
Page 244 and 245: 220 Training and Sports Related Inj
Page 246 and 247: use of AAS for improved competitive
Page 248 and 249: How Anabolic Steroids AlterMetaboli
Page 250 and 251: permanent impairment, and some arep
Page 252 and 253: Table 13-3. Physiologic Effects of
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Page 256 and 257: effects of rEPO are actually simila
Page 258 and 259: 234 Harmful Substances that Affect
Page 260 and 261: Training for SkiingA high skill lev
Page 262 and 263: to avoid a recurrence of previous i
Page 264 and 265: Table 14-3. A PT Program for High M
Page 266 and 267: Table 14-4. Nutritional Ergogenic A
Page 268 and 269: Table 14-4. Nutritional Ergogenic A
Page 270 and 271: Supplements are a quick and conveni
Page 272 and 273: Strength and flexibility are closel
Page 274 and 275: Table 15-3. Basic Physical Training
Page 276 and 277: Table 15-4. Total Body Physical Tra
Page 278 and 279: A Physical Fitness Programfor Comin
Page 280 and 281: Table 15-7. Re-Entry Physical Train
Page 282 and 283: Table 15-9. Selected Stretching Exe
Page 284 and 285: Final Comments From:RADM SmithThis
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Many of the exercises in the RADM S
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264 Physical Fitness and Training R
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Exercise Instruction Diagram3/4 Squ
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Exercise Instruction DiagramBackCur
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Exercise Instruction DiagramShoulde
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Exercise Instruction DiagramBarbell
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Exercise Instruction DiagramWrist C
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CommonTerms forMuscle GroupsHip Ext
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Figure B-2. Selected Muscles of the
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Figure B-4. Selected Muscles of the
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massage feet, apply foot power, cha
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