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Hierarchical Classification• Linnaeus introduced a system for grouping<strong>species</strong> in increasingly broad categories• The taxonomic groups from broad to narroware domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order,family, genus, and <strong>species</strong>• A taxonomic unit at any level of hierarchy iscalled a taxonCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 26-3Species:PantherapardusGenus: PantheraFamily: FelidaeOrder: CarnivoraClass: MammaliaPhylum: ChordataKingdom: AnimaliaBacteriaDomain: EukaryaArchaea
Page 1 and 2: Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education
Page 3: Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education
Page 15: Chapter 26Phylogeny and the Tree of
Page 18 and 19: Fig. 26-2
Page 20 and 21: Binomial Nomenclature• In the 18t
Page 24 and 25: Fig. 26-3aClass: MammaliaPhylum: Ch
Page 26 and 27: Linking Classification and Phylogen
Page 28 and 29: • Linnaean classification and phy
Page 30 and 31: • A rooted tree includes a branch
Page 32 and 33: What We Can and Cannot Learn fromPh
Page 34 and 35: Fig. 26-6RESULTSMinke(Antarctica)Mi
Page 36 and 37: Fig. 26-6bHumpback(North Atlantic)H
Page 38 and 39: • Phylogenies of anthrax bacteria
Page 40 and 41: Concept 26.2: Phylogenies are infer
Page 42 and 43: Sorting Homology from Analogy• Wh
Page 46 and 47: • Bat and bird wings are homologo
Page 48 and 49: Fig. 26-812DeletionInsertion34
Page 50 and 51: Fig. 26-8b34
Page 54 and 55: Cladistics• Cladistics groups org
Page 56 and 57: Fig. 26-10A A ABGroup IBBC C CDDDE
Page 58 and 59: • A paraphyletic grouping consist
Page 60 and 61: • A polyphyletic grouping consist
Page 62 and 63: Shared Ancestral and Shared Derived
Page 64 and 65: Inferring Phylogenies Using Derived
Page 66 and 67: TurtleFig. 26-11aTAXATunaSalamander
Page 68 and 69: • An outgroup is a species or gro
Page 70 and 71: Phylogenetic Trees with Proportiona
Page 72 and 73:
• In other trees, branch length c
Page 74 and 75:
Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likel
Page 76 and 77:
Fig. 26-14HumanMushroomTulipHuman03
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Fig. 26-14b15%5%5%15% 15%10%20%25%T
Page 80 and 81:
Fig. 26-15-1Species ISpecies IISpec
Page 82 and 83:
Fig. 26-15-3Species ISiteSpecies II
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Phylogenetic Trees as Hypotheses•
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• This has been applied to infer
Page 88 and 89:
Fig. 26-17aFront limbHind limbEggs(
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Concept 26.4: An organism’s evolu
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• Orthologous genes are found in
Page 94 and 95:
Fig. 26-18Ancestral geneAncestral s
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Fig. 26-18bSpecies AGene duplicatio
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Concept 26.5: Molecular clocks help
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• Molecular clocks are calibrated
Page 102 and 103:
Neutral Theory• Neutral theory st
Page 104 and 105:
Applying a Molecular Clock: The Ori
Page 106 and 107:
Concept 26.6: New information conti
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Fig. 26-21EUKARYALand plantsDinofla
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Fig. 26-21bSulfolobusThermophilesHa
Page 112 and 113:
A Simple Tree of All Life• The tr
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Fig. 26-22BacteriaEukaryaArchaea4 3
Page 116 and 117:
Fig. 26-23EukaryaBacteriaArchaea
Page 118:
4. Define horizontal gene transfer
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