Feasibility Study for a National Domestic Biogas Programme in - SNV

Feasibility Study for a National Domestic Biogas Programme Burkina Faso
soak away). About 10% of the population has access to basic sanitation services, i.e.
sanitation installations in their household.
The sanitation MDG was not even addressed in Burkina’s MDG report 2003 83 .
Several factors seem to contribute to this abysmal sanitation coverage: low incomes
and the relatively low priority given to sanitation results in households rarely investing
in toilets, whilst an unclear distribution of roles and responsibilities has lead to
inactivity at the institutional level.
Several authorities and institutions have a mandate to intervene in wastewater,
excreta and solid waste management with little or no coordination of activities. For
example in urban areas, communes may be responsible for the management of solid
waste and faecal sludge from septic tanks, whilst the national water supplier, ONEA,
may have the responsibility for sanitation services in the same area. In rural areas
this responsibility goes to the Direction de l’Assainissement, based since January
2007 in the Ministry for Agriculture and Water resources. At the same time the
Ministry of Health, the Ministry of the Environment and Livelihood, the Ministry of
Territorial Administration and Decentralisation, the Ministry of Education and the
Ministry of Infrastructure, Transport and Habitat also have a mandate to intervene in
sanitation. The result is institutional confusion and ultimately paralysis.
According to the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) report 2006 of UNICEF/WHO,
Burkina Faso is not on track to reach the MDGs on water and sanitation. To bridge
the gap in sanitation, new policies and plans have been drawn up in the Programme
National d’Approvisionnement en Eau Potable et d’Assainissement à l’horizon 2015.
According to this programme, the national objective for sanitation coverage achieves
54% or 5.7 million people to be provided with adequate sanitation facilities in rural
areas, and 57 % or 2.1 million people in urban areas by 2015 84 . This coverage rate is
however lower than the global target fixed by the MDG.
1.8.3 Sustainable Sanitation
In addition to the initiatives now being seized at governmental level to address the
low sanitation coverage, several initiatives have started to introduce ecological
sanitation systems.
In its regional sanitation programme, CREPA, the West-African Regional Centre for
low-cost Water Supply and Sanitation has introduced ecological sanitation concepts.
Two toilet types have been constructed and tested; the reuse of urine and faeces in
agriculture, and the resulting health and socio-economic impacts have been
investigated.
A comprehensive feasibility study on ecological sanitation in Ouagadougou was
carried out for ONEA in 2004. The results of the study have led to a large scale
implementation programme for Ouagadougou on 2006, with project partners
including ONEA, CREPA, GTZ and municipal authorities. The project is co-financed
by the European Union and aims to serve and raise awareness among up to 300,000
people.
The European Commission within the 6th Framework has funded NETSSAF, a
Coordination Action which started in June 2006. Within 2.5 years the proposed
network aims to create an enabling environment for a large scale implementation of
83 Burkina Faso MDG Report 2003 http://www.undg.org/accessfile.cfm?cat=79&doc=5197&file=6528
84 Direction Générale des Ressources en Eau / Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Hydraulique et
des ressources Halieutiques (2006) – Programme National d’Approvisionnement en Eau
Potable et d’Assainissement à l’horizon 2015
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