EWPAA Structural Plywood and LVL Design Manual - Engineered ...

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Part OneProduct Production & PropertiesPlywood and LVL – The Manufacturing ProcessStructural PlywoodStructural Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)Plywood & LVL Physical and Mechanical Properties1
1 Plywood & LVL – The Manufacturing Process1.1 IntroductionStructural plywood and structural Laminated Veneer Lumber are engineered, timber veneer products,made by bonding thin timber veneers together under heat and pressure.1.2 Manufacturing StandardsStructural plywood is manufactured to the Australian / New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 2269 Plywood –Structural. Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber is manufactured in accordance with the requirements ofAS/NZS 4357 Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber.1.3 Process ControlStructural plywood and LVL products certified by theEWPAA are branded with the EWPAA productcertification stamp as well as the JAS-ANZ (JointAccreditation Scheme of Australia and New Zealand)mark. The EWPAA / JAS-ANZ brand on a plywood orLVL product certifies the product has beenmanufactured to the relevant Australian / New ZealandStandard, under a quality control and productcertification scheme accredited by the peak government quality control accreditation body in Australia andNew Zealand. Purchasers of products stamped with the EWPAA / JAS-ANZ brand will be purchasing aproduct, manufactured under an accredited third party audited, process based quality control programthat ensures the product will have uniform, predictable, reliable properties and will be fit for purpose. A listof EWPAA plywood and LVL manufacturing members whose products carry the EWPAA / JAS-ANZ brand isgiven on the back cover of this Manual.1.4 Manufacturing ProcessesThe manufacturing process for both plywood and Laminated Veneer Lumber are similar. Materials usedin their manufacture are thin timber veneers bonded with an adhesive. However as the intended endapplication is different (panel product versus framing member) the essential differences in the products is inhow the veneers are orientated. In essence, LVL could be considered as plywood without cross-bands, or,alternatively plywood could be defined as cross-laminated LVL. Hence the main differences in themanufacturing process occur at the lay-up and pressing stages. Prior to manufacture, logs from suitabletimber species are selected for peeling based on size, straightness and nature and quantity of defects. Themajority of EWPAA branded plywood is manufactured from plantation sourced radiata, hoop or slashpine.Manufacturing processes may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, however the stages of productionare essentially as follows:ConditioningLogs are conditioned by immersion in a heated water bath or alternatively by steam treating.Conditioning facilitates the peeling process by assisting in producing a smooth and even veneer. Roughlypeeled veneer is undesirable as it is more difficult to bond, requires more adhesive and the veneer is moredifficult to handle without damage.2
Page 2 and 3: Structural Plywood & LVL Design Man
Page 4 and 5: Table of Contents1 Plywood & LVL -
Page 6 and 7: 11 Plywood Stressed Skin Panels ...
Page 8 and 9: Table of FiguresFIGURE 4.1: Plywood
Page 12 and 13: PeelingAfter conditioning, the logs
Page 14 and 15: Sanding, Trimming and BrandingAfter
Page 16 and 17: through to applications where aesth
Page 18 and 19: 2.7 Identification CodeThe plywood
Page 20 and 21: 2.10 Non Structural PlywoodsInterio
Page 22 and 23: 3.5 Veneer QualityVeneer quality us
Page 24 and 25: the hygroscopic movement of structu
Page 26 and 27: effective an insulator as the wood
Page 28 and 29: 5 Structural Plywood - Design Princ
Page 30 and 31: 12 - 13 40015 - 19 45020 - 25 52026
Page 32 and 33: TABLE 5.3: Standard Structural Plyw
Page 34 and 35: TABLE 5.5: Indicative Stiffness Val
Page 36 and 37: Strength Limit StateStrength LimitS
Page 38 and 39: Application of Structural memberAll
Page 40 and 41: FIGURE 5.5 shows an I-beam defining
Page 42 and 43: j 2- Duration of Load Factor for Cr
Page 44 and 45: Using the theory of parallel axes a
Page 46 and 47: 6 Structural LVL - Design Principle
Page 48 and 49: I (neutral axis(NA)-stiffness= (bd
Page 50 and 51: Serviceability Limit State:Calculat
Page 52 and 53: Strength Limit State:Strength Limit
Page 54 and 55: Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC)P
Page 56 and 57: (c) For shear k 11 = 1.0(d) For com
Page 58 and 59: Chapter 6 AppendixSlenderness Co-Ef
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FIGURE A6.3: Continuous restraint a
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Stability factor.The stability fact
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7.4 Structural Plywood Flooring - D
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5. Critical Load Action EffectsLoad
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5. Serviceability limit state - Des
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7.10 Structural Plywood Residential
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Because of the obvious difficulty a
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1.2 m roof load width)0.25 kPa x 1.
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Concentrated Imposed Load (Q)M max
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5. Serviceability Limit Stateand [A
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8 Structural Plywood Webbed Box Bea
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AdhesivesBeams relying only on an a
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5. Check Beam Stiffness:Check beam
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1. Initial beam trial size:(a)(b)Fr
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Required nail spacing s = øN j / q
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Figure 8.5 shows a discontinuous pl
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A8Chapter 8 AppendixBending / Compr
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where:A= h3.5 3D .1032 N. mJ12.440.
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FIGURE A8.2: Guide for Selecting In
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Table A8.6: Unit-Load Deflection Sp
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9 Structural Plywood Diaphragms & S
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FIGURE 9.3 shows a plywood panel na
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The following are the design steps
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Wind force, w on diaphragm w = 1.86
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Converted to Limit States CapacityC
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4. Chord Size and SplicesThe chords
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Load/Nail (N)Nail Deformation (mm)2
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• The horizontal force is 1.9 x 2
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= 5 kN/m v oR = 15/5 = 3 kN/m107
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ELEVATIONFIGURE 9.12: Shows shear f
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As previously mentioned the shearwa
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Assuming the applied racking load t
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In this instance let the two panels
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A9 CHAPTER 9 APPENDIXPlate 1Plate 2
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Plate 7Plate 8Plate 9119
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Timber Shearwal
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“nailability” by increasing res
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(a) (b) (c)FIGURE 10.3: Actual and
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Re-arranging the torsion equation r
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The polar moment of area (I p ) of
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Design Example - Plywood Gusseted P
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• assuming width of lines paralle
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hence:where:ΦMj⎡ Ip⎤= (0.8 x1.
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A10 Chapter 10 AppendixPhotographs
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MOMENT JOINTSPlate 7Plate 8Plate 9(
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Investigation o
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11.2 MaterialsPlywoodPlywood used i
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FIGURE 11.3: Effective widths of pl
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Transformed SectionSince the plywoo
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FIGURE 11.5: Bending stresses in st
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FIGURE 11.6: Stressed skin panel tr
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Flexural Deflection Long Term Servi
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Compression SpliceUsing 17mm F11 st
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Design & Fabric
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12 Exotic Structural Forms12.1 Intr
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displacement between diaphragms eac
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The section modulus (Z) is:ZZ=Iy1=1
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FIGURE 12.9: A parabolic arch (not
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F AFFFASS= (374.4 + 166.4)kN= 540.8
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12.11 Hypar Design - GeometryTo dev
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FIGURE 12.16: Reactive force compon
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12.14 Methodology - Principal Membr
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Many braced dome geometries exist b
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θasphere= is the angle subtended b
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AndNNNxyxyP=L21P=L12P=L33L2P3⎤+
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• whether or not to force the ply
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A12Chapter 12 AppendixEXAMPLES OF E
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EXOTIC STRUCTURAL FORMS DESIGN AIDS
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Type 1 joints referred to in AS 172
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FIGURE 13.3: Two and Three member T
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SECTION 4 : AS 1720.1-1997 : Clause
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connection load carrying capacity c
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13.5 Design of Type 1 Nailed Connec
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The following unfactored loads are
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nnaa=nnr42=5= 9 rowsThe assumed val
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13.11 Design of Type 2 Screwed Conn
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The reasons k 13 and k 14 are not c
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Type of JointSeasoned TimberUnseaso
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13.16 Design of Type 2 Bolted Conne
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where:Δ = Δi +h33j14xh35Q *Qkpfor
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The exploded view in Figure 13.11 s
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FIGURE 13.12: Edge, end and bolt sp
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13.21 Design of Type 2 Coach Screwe
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REFERENCES CITED:1. AS 1720.1-1997,
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Plate 3Plate 4219
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Plate 7Plate 8221
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14 Noise Control14.1 IntroductionTh
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The absorption process of a single
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When it is required to add more tha
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FIGURE 14.5: Types of cavity wallsT
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15 Condensation & Thermal Transmiss
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15.4 Thermal TransmissionThermal tr
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15.5 Thermal Transmission - Design
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Condensation, C
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The early fire hazard test indices
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ISO 9705 AND AS/NZS 3837These tests
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General InformationDesign of struct
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SpeciesAsh, Alpine - Eucalyptus del
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Results of recent tests organised b
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FlooringConstructionLVL(Substrates
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as expressed in the BCA.Species Ave
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ClosurePlywood Thickness for:Dougla
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Borers are rarely a problem with st
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HazardClassH1Exposure Specific serv
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17.3 Durability and Finishing Appli
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EWPAA MembersPlywood and Laminated
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