EWPAA Structural Plywood and LVL Design Manual - Engineered ...

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Table of Contents1 Plywood & LVL – The Manufacturing Process ....................................................................................... 21.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 21.2 Manufacturing Standards ................................................................................................................ 21.3 Process Control ............................................................................................................................... 21.4 Manufacturing Processes ................................................................................................................ 22 Structural Plywood .................................................................................................................................... 62.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 62.2 Bond Type ....................................................................................................................................... 62.3 Timber Species Used ...................................................................................................................... 62.4 Stress Grades ................................................................................................................................. 62.5 Veneer Quality ................................................................................................................................ 62.6 Specifying Structural Plywood Grades ............................................................................................ 72.7 Identification Code .......................................................................................................................... 92.8 Panel Dimensions ........................................................................................................................... 92.9 Other Plywood Types ....................................................................................................................102.10 Non Structural Plywoods ...............................................................................................................113 Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL).........................................................................................123.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................123.2 Bond Type .....................................................................................................................................123.3 Timber Species Used ....................................................................................................................123.4 Stress Grade or Structural Properties ...........................................................................................123.5 Veneer Quality ..............................................................................................................................133.6 Standard LVL Dimensions ............................................................................................................133.6.1 Length ...............................................................................................................................133.6.2 Cross-section ....................................................................................................................133.7 Standard Tolerances .....................................................................................................................133.8 Specification ..................................................................................................................................134 Plywood & LVL Physical And Mechanical Properties .........................................................................144.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................144.2 Cross-Lamination ..........................................................................................................................144.3 Dimensional Stability under Changes in Moisture Content ...........................................................144.4 Thermal Properties ........................................................................................................................154.5 Acoustical Properties ....................................................................................................................164.6 Electrical Properties ......................................................................................................................164.7 Chemical Resistance ....................................................................................................................174.8 Workability and Bending Radii ......................................................................................................174.9 Plywood Density ............................................................................................................................175 Structural Plywood - Design Principles & Procedures .......................................................................195.1 Introduction – Principles ................................................................................................................195.2 Characteristic Strengths and Stiffness ..........................................................................................195.3 Section Properties .........................................................................................................................195.4 Structural Plywood - Loaded Normal to the Face .........................................................................205.5 Structural Plywood Loaded In the Plane of the Panel ..................................................................225.6 Structural Plywood - Design Procedures ......................................................................................265.7 Strength & Stiffness limit states design capacities .......................................................................265.7.1 Loading Normal to the Plane of the Plywood Panel .........................................................265.7.2 Loading in Plane of the Plywood Panel ............................................................................275.8 Factors ..........................................................................................................................................28Chapter 5 Appendix ................................................................................................................................346 Structural LVL – Design Principles And Procedures ..........................................................................37
6.1 Design Principles ..........................................................................................................................376.2 Characteristic strengths and stiffness ...........................................................................................376.3 Section Properties .........................................................................................................................376.4 LVL – Design Methodology ...........................................................................................................396.5 Beam Design .................................................................................................................................396.6 Column Design ..............................................................................................................................416.7 Tension Member Design ...............................................................................................................416.8 Combined Bending and Axial Actions ...........................................................................................426.9 Factors ..........................................................................................................................................43Chapter 6 Appendix ................................................................................................................................497 Basic Structural Plywood & LVL Building Components .....................................................................547.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................547.2 Structural Plywood Flooring and Floor Systems ...........................................................................547.3 Design Issues of Flooring ..............................................................................................................547.4 Structural Plywood Flooring – Design Methodology .....................................................................557.5 Design Example – Structural Plywood Floor – Specification ........................................................567.6 Structural Plywood Floor – Worked Example ...............................................................................587.7 Structural Plywood Flooring ..........................................................................................................597.8 Engineered Flooring System .........................................................................................................607.9 Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) and LVL / Plywood I-Beams ...................................607.10 Structural Plywood Residential Bracing and Combined Bracing/Cladding ...................................617.11 Structural Plywood Lightweight Roofing Systems .........................................................................637.12 Structural Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Framing Members ...................................................637.13 Design Example – LVL Lintel Beam - Specification ......................................................................647.14 Structural LVL Lintel Beam : Worked Example .............................................................................678 Structural Plywood Webbed Box Beam Design ...................................................................................718.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................718.2 Beam Components and Materials .................................................................................................728.3 Design of Nailed Plywood Webbed Box Beams - Methodology ...................................................738.4 Design Example – Nailed Plywood Webbed Box Beam ...............................................................768.5 Box Beam Portal Joints .................................................................................................................79A8 Chapter 8 Appendix ....................................................................................................................839 Structural Plywood Diaphragms & Shearwalls ....................................................................................919.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................919.2 Fundamental Relationship ............................................................................................................929.3 Diaphragm Design – Diaphragm Action ........................................................................................939.4 Diaphragm Design – Methodology ................................................................................................949.5 Design Example 1 - Diaphragms ..................................................................................................959.6 Diaphragm Variations ..................................................................................................................1049.7 Design Example 2 – Diaphragms - Openings .............................................................................1049.8 Design Example 3 - Diaphragms Horizontal Offsets ..................................................................1059.9 Vertical Offsets ............................................................................................................................1089.10 Shearwall Design - Panel Response ..........................................................................................1099.11 Shearwall Design - Methodology ................................................................................................1119.12 Design Example 1 - Shearwalls ..................................................................................................1119.13 Design Example 2 - Shearwalls ..................................................................................................1139.14 Photographs ................................................................................................................................11510 Structural Plywood / LVL Gusseted Timber Portal Frames ..............................................................12210.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................12210.2 Materials ......................................................................................................................................12210.3 Plywood / LVL Gusset Design – Gusset Action ..........................................................................12310.4 Plywood / LVL Gusseted Joints – Methodology ..........................................................................12910.5 Photograhs ..................................................................................................................................136A10 Chapter 10 Appendix ......................................................................................................................137Photographs of Portals, Moment and Pin Joints ....................................................................................137
Page 2 and 3: Structural Plywood & LVL Design Man
Page 6 and 7: 11 Plywood Stressed Skin Panels ...
Page 8 and 9: Table of FiguresFIGURE 4.1: Plywood
Page 10 and 11: Part OneProduct Production & Proper
Page 12 and 13: PeelingAfter conditioning, the logs
Page 14 and 15: Sanding, Trimming and BrandingAfter
Page 16 and 17: through to applications where aesth
Page 18 and 19: 2.7 Identification CodeThe plywood
Page 20 and 21: 2.10 Non Structural PlywoodsInterio
Page 22 and 23: 3.5 Veneer QualityVeneer quality us
Page 24 and 25: the hygroscopic movement of structu
Page 26 and 27: effective an insulator as the wood
Page 28 and 29: 5 Structural Plywood - Design Princ
Page 30 and 31: 12 - 13 40015 - 19 45020 - 25 52026
Page 32 and 33: TABLE 5.3: Standard Structural Plyw
Page 34 and 35: TABLE 5.5: Indicative Stiffness Val
Page 36 and 37: Strength Limit StateStrength LimitS
Page 38 and 39: Application of Structural memberAll
Page 40 and 41: FIGURE 5.5 shows an I-beam defining
Page 42 and 43: j 2- Duration of Load Factor for Cr
Page 44 and 45: Using the theory of parallel axes a
Page 46 and 47: 6 Structural LVL - Design Principle
Page 48 and 49: I (neutral axis(NA)-stiffness= (bd
Page 50 and 51: Serviceability Limit State:Calculat
Page 52 and 53: Strength Limit State:Strength Limit
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Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC)P
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(c) For shear k 11 = 1.0(d) For com
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Chapter 6 AppendixSlenderness Co-Ef
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FIGURE A6.3: Continuous restraint a
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Stability factor.The stability fact
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7.4 Structural Plywood Flooring - D
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5. Critical Load Action EffectsLoad
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5. Serviceability limit state - Des
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7.10 Structural Plywood Residential
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Because of the obvious difficulty a
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1.2 m roof load width)0.25 kPa x 1.
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Concentrated Imposed Load (Q)M max
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5. Serviceability Limit Stateand [A
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8 Structural Plywood Webbed Box Bea
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AdhesivesBeams relying only on an a
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5. Check Beam Stiffness:Check beam
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1. Initial beam trial size:(a)(b)Fr
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Required nail spacing s = øN j / q
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Figure 8.5 shows a discontinuous pl
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A8Chapter 8 AppendixBending / Compr
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where:A= h3.5 3D .1032 N. mJ12.440.
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FIGURE A8.2: Guide for Selecting In
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Table A8.6: Unit-Load Deflection Sp
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9 Structural Plywood Diaphragms & S
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FIGURE 9.3 shows a plywood panel na
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The following are the design steps
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Wind force, w on diaphragm w = 1.86
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Converted to Limit States CapacityC
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4. Chord Size and SplicesThe chords
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Load/Nail (N)Nail Deformation (mm)2
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• The horizontal force is 1.9 x 2
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= 5 kN/m v oR = 15/5 = 3 kN/m107
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ELEVATIONFIGURE 9.12: Shows shear f
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As previously mentioned the shearwa
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Assuming the applied racking load t
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In this instance let the two panels
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A9 CHAPTER 9 APPENDIXPlate 1Plate 2
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Plate 7Plate 8Plate 9119
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Timber Shearwal
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“nailability” by increasing res
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(a) (b) (c)FIGURE 10.3: Actual and
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Re-arranging the torsion equation r
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The polar moment of area (I p ) of
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Design Example - Plywood Gusseted P
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• assuming width of lines paralle
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hence:where:ΦMj⎡ Ip⎤= (0.8 x1.
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A10 Chapter 10 AppendixPhotographs
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MOMENT JOINTSPlate 7Plate 8Plate 9(
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Investigation o
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11.2 MaterialsPlywoodPlywood used i
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FIGURE 11.3: Effective widths of pl
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Transformed SectionSince the plywoo
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FIGURE 11.5: Bending stresses in st
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FIGURE 11.6: Stressed skin panel tr
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Flexural Deflection Long Term Servi
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Compression SpliceUsing 17mm F11 st
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Design & Fabric
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12 Exotic Structural Forms12.1 Intr
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displacement between diaphragms eac
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The section modulus (Z) is:ZZ=Iy1=1
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FIGURE 12.9: A parabolic arch (not
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F AFFFASS= (374.4 + 166.4)kN= 540.8
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12.11 Hypar Design - GeometryTo dev
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FIGURE 12.16: Reactive force compon
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12.14 Methodology - Principal Membr
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Many braced dome geometries exist b
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θasphere= is the angle subtended b
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AndNNNxyxyP=L21P=L12P=L33L2P3⎤+
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• whether or not to force the ply
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A12Chapter 12 AppendixEXAMPLES OF E
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EXOTIC STRUCTURAL FORMS DESIGN AIDS
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Type 1 joints referred to in AS 172
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FIGURE 13.3: Two and Three member T
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SECTION 4 : AS 1720.1-1997 : Clause
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connection load carrying capacity c
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13.5 Design of Type 1 Nailed Connec
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The following unfactored loads are
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nnaa=nnr42=5= 9 rowsThe assumed val
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13.11 Design of Type 2 Screwed Conn
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The reasons k 13 and k 14 are not c
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Type of JointSeasoned TimberUnseaso
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13.16 Design of Type 2 Bolted Conne
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where:Δ = Δi +h33j14xh35Q *Qkpfor
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The exploded view in Figure 13.11 s
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FIGURE 13.12: Edge, end and bolt sp
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13.21 Design of Type 2 Coach Screwe
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REFERENCES CITED:1. AS 1720.1-1997,
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Plate 3Plate 4219
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Plate 7Plate 8221
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14 Noise Control14.1 IntroductionTh
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The absorption process of a single
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When it is required to add more tha
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FIGURE 14.5: Types of cavity wallsT
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15 Condensation & Thermal Transmiss
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15.4 Thermal TransmissionThermal tr
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15.5 Thermal Transmission - Design
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Condensation, C
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The early fire hazard test indices
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ISO 9705 AND AS/NZS 3837These tests
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General InformationDesign of struct
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SpeciesAsh, Alpine - Eucalyptus del
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Results of recent tests organised b
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FlooringConstructionLVL(Substrates
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as expressed in the BCA.Species Ave
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ClosurePlywood Thickness for:Dougla
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Borers are rarely a problem with st
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HazardClassH1Exposure Specific serv
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17.3 Durability and Finishing Appli
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EWPAA MembersPlywood and Laminated
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