ISO 9705 AND AS/NZS 3837These tests apply specifically to wall <strong>and</strong> ceiling linings <strong>and</strong> are summarised in FIGURE 16.2. The mainoutcome of the tests is to assign a Material Group Number. Once tested the material will fall into 1 of 4groups as listed in TABLE 16.2. The tests also assign smoke production numbers which are ofconsequence when no sprinkler system has been installed.Material GroupNumberGroup 1Group 2Group 3Group 4DescriptionMaterials that do not reach flashover following exposure to 300kW for 600 seconds, afternot reaching flashover when exposed to 100kW for 600 seconds.Materials that do reach flashover after exposure to 300kW for 600 seconds, after notreaching flashover when exposed to 100kW for 600 seconds.Materials that reach flashover in more than 120 seconds but less than 600 seconds afterexposure to 100kW.Materials that reach flashover in less than 120 seconds after exposure to 100kW.TABLE 16.2: Material Group NumbersGroup 1 materials are suitable for the most stringent fire hazard requirements whilst Group 4 do notmeet the requirements for lining materials for walls <strong>and</strong> ceilings.TABLE 16.3 of BCA Specification C1.10(a) gives Deemed-to-Satisfy Provision for wall <strong>and</strong> ceiling liningmaterials, in terms of Material Group Numbers, for sprinklered <strong>and</strong> unsprinklered buildings.Deemed-to-SatisfyFire-isolated Public corridors Specific areas Other areasClass ofexitsWall Ceiling Wall Ceilingbuilding Wall/ceilingWall/ceilingClass 2 or 3, Excluding accommodation for the aged, people with disabilities, <strong>and</strong> childrenUnsprinkleredSprinklered111,21,2,31,21,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,31,2,3Class 3 or 9a, Accommodation for the aged, people with disabilities, children <strong>and</strong> health-care buildings1,2,31,2,3Unsprinklered1Sprinklered1Class 5,6,7,8 or 9b schools11,211,21,21,2,31,21,2,31,2,31,2,3Unsprinklered1Sprinklered1Class 9b other than schools1,21,2,31,21,2,31,2,31,2,31,21,2,31,2,31,2,3UnsprinkleredSprinkleredClass 9c1111,211,21,21,2,31,21,2,31,2,31,2,3Sprinklered 1 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3For the purpose of this Table:1. “Sprinklered” means a building fitted with a sprinkler system complying with Specification E1.5.2. “Specific areas” means within:(a) for Class 2 <strong>and</strong> 3 buildings, a sole-occupancy unit.(b) for Class 5 buildings, open plan offices with a minimum floor dimension/floor to ceiling height ratio >5.(c) for Class 6 buildings, shops or other building with a minimum floor dimension/floor to ceiling height ratio >5.(d) for Class 9a health-care buildings, patient care areas.(e) for Class 9b theatres <strong>and</strong> halls, etc. an auditorium.(f) for Class 9b schools, a classroom(g) for Class 9c aged care buildings, resident use areas.TABLE 16.3: Wall <strong>and</strong> Ceiling Lining Materials (Material Groups Permitted)241
Specific Areas – ExampleConsider an open plan office area having floor dimensions of 18m x 20m <strong>and</strong> a floor to ceiling height of3m. Since the minimum floor dimension (18m) divided by the ceiling height (3m) is greater than 5 (6 infact), the area is a specific area. Hence, the ceiling linings in this area would need to comply with therequirements for Class 5 buildings.BCA Building ClassesThe various classes of buildings are described in the Part A3 of the BCA 2007 document, <strong>and</strong> are copied herefor convenience :ClassClass 1aClass 1bClass 2Class 3Class 4Class 5Class 6Class 7aClass 7bClass 8Class 9aClass 9bClass 9cClass 10aClass10bDefinitionA single dwelling being –(i) A detached house; or(ii) One of a group of 2 or more attached dwellings, each being a building, separated by a fire resistingwall, including a row house, terrace house, town house or villa unit.A boarding house, guest house, hostel or the like –(i) with a total area of all floors not exceeding 300 m 2 measured over the enclosing walls of the Class 1b;<strong>and</strong>(ii) in which not more than 12 persons would ordinarily be resident.A building containing 2 or more sole-occupancy units each being a separate dwelling.A residential building, other than a building of Class 1 or 2, which is a common place of long term ortransient living for a number of unrelated persons, including –(a) a boarding house, guest house, hostel, lodging house or backpackers accommodation; or(b) a residential part of a hotel or motel; or(c) a residential part of a school; or(d) accommodation for the aged, children or people with disabilities; or(e) a residential part of a health-care building with accommodates members of staff; or(f) a residential part of a detention centred.A dwelling or building that is class 5, 6, 7,8, or 9 if it is the only dwelling in the buildingAn office building used for professional or commercial purposes, excluding buildings of class 6, 7, 8, or9.A shop or other public building for the sale of goods by retail or the supply of services direct to thepublic, including-(a) an eating room, café, restaurant, milk or soft drink bar; or(b) a dining room, bar, shop or kiosk part of a hotel or motel; or(c) market or sale room, show room or service stationA building which is a car parkA building which is for storage, or display of gods or produce for sale by wholesaleA laboratory or a building in which a h<strong>and</strong>craft or process for the production, assembling, altering,repairing, packing, finishing, or cleaning of goods or produce is carried on for trade sale or gainA building of a public nature that is a health care building, including those parts of a building set aside asa laboratoryAn assembly building, including a trade workshop, laboratory or the like in a primary or secondaryschool, but excluding any other parts of the building that are of another classAn aged care buildingA non-habitable building being a private garage, carport, shed, or the likeA structure being a fence, mast, antenna, retaining or free st<strong>and</strong>ing wall, swimming pool, or the like242
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Structural Plywood & LVL Design Man
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Table of Contents1 Plywood & LVL -
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11 Plywood Stressed Skin Panels ...
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Table of FiguresFIGURE 4.1: Plywood
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Part OneProduct Production & Proper
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PeelingAfter conditioning, the logs
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Sanding, Trimming and BrandingAfter
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through to applications where aesth
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2.7 Identification CodeThe plywood
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2.10 Non Structural PlywoodsInterio
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3.5 Veneer QualityVeneer quality us
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the hygroscopic movement of structu
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effective an insulator as the wood
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5 Structural Plywood - Design Princ
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12 - 13 40015 - 19 45020 - 25 52026
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TABLE 5.3: Standard Structural Plyw
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TABLE 5.5: Indicative Stiffness Val
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Strength Limit StateStrength LimitS
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Application of Structural memberAll
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FIGURE 5.5 shows an I-beam defining
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j 2- Duration of Load Factor for Cr
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Using the theory of parallel axes a
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6 Structural LVL - Design Principle
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I (neutral axis(NA)-stiffness= (bd
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Serviceability Limit State:Calculat
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Strength Limit State:Strength Limit
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Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC)P
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(c) For shear k 11 = 1.0(d) For com
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Chapter 6 AppendixSlenderness Co-Ef
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FIGURE A6.3: Continuous restraint a
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Stability factor.The stability fact
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7.4 Structural Plywood Flooring - D
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5. Critical Load Action EffectsLoad
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5. Serviceability limit state - Des
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7.10 Structural Plywood Residential
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Because of the obvious difficulty a
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1.2 m roof load width)0.25 kPa x 1.
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Concentrated Imposed Load (Q)M max
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5. Serviceability Limit Stateand [A
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8 Structural Plywood Webbed Box Bea
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AdhesivesBeams relying only on an a
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5. Check Beam Stiffness:Check beam
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1. Initial beam trial size:(a)(b)Fr
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Required nail spacing s = øN j / q
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Figure 8.5 shows a discontinuous pl
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A8Chapter 8 AppendixBending / Compr
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where:A= h3.5 3D .1032 N. mJ12.440.
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FIGURE A8.2: Guide for Selecting In
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Table A8.6: Unit-Load Deflection Sp
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9 Structural Plywood Diaphragms & S
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FIGURE 9.3 shows a plywood panel na
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The following are the design steps
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Wind force, w on diaphragm w = 1.86
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Converted to Limit States CapacityC
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4. Chord Size and SplicesThe chords
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Load/Nail (N)Nail Deformation (mm)2
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• The horizontal force is 1.9 x 2
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= 5 kN/m v oR = 15/5 = 3 kN/m107
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ELEVATIONFIGURE 9.12: Shows shear f
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As previously mentioned the shearwa
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Assuming the applied racking load t
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In this instance let the two panels
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A9 CHAPTER 9 APPENDIXPlate 1Plate 2
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Plate 7Plate 8Plate 9119
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Timber Shearwal
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“nailability” by increasing res
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(a) (b) (c)FIGURE 10.3: Actual and
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Re-arranging the torsion equation r
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The polar moment of area (I p ) of
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Design Example - Plywood Gusseted P
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• assuming width of lines paralle
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hence:where:ΦMj⎡ Ip⎤= (0.8 x1.
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A10 Chapter 10 AppendixPhotographs
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MOMENT JOINTSPlate 7Plate 8Plate 9(
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Investigation o
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11.2 MaterialsPlywoodPlywood used i
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FIGURE 11.3: Effective widths of pl
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Transformed SectionSince the plywoo
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FIGURE 11.5: Bending stresses in st
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FIGURE 11.6: Stressed skin panel tr
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Flexural Deflection Long Term Servi
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Compression SpliceUsing 17mm F11 st
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REFERENCES CITED:1. Design & Fabric
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12 Exotic Structural Forms12.1 Intr
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displacement between diaphragms eac
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The section modulus (Z) is:ZZ=Iy1=1
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FIGURE 12.9: A parabolic arch (not
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F AFFFASS= (374.4 + 166.4)kN= 540.8
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12.11 Hypar Design - GeometryTo dev
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FIGURE 12.16: Reactive force compon
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12.14 Methodology - Principal Membr
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Many braced dome geometries exist b
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θasphere= is the angle subtended b
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AndNNNxyxyP=L21P=L12P=L33L2P3⎤+
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• whether or not to force the ply
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A12Chapter 12 AppendixEXAMPLES OF E
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EXOTIC STRUCTURAL FORMS DESIGN AIDS
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Type 1 joints referred to in AS 172
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FIGURE 13.3: Two and Three member T
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