Outcome Based Education 07/06/2010MarginalDAdequateC- C C+GoodB- B B+ExcellentA- A A+LO1:(Explain)Wt 3 = 38%LO2: Wt 2Able to identifyand briefly writeabout limitedpoints. Very littleevidence of usingthese points toprovide reasoningto why they areinterrelated.sameAble to identify anumber of relevantpoints with somedetails. Use thesepoints to provide afair reasoning orcausality Noevidence of acomprehensiveoverview ofreasoning orcausality.sameAble to identify a fullrange of relevant pointswith details supportedby relevant literature.Points are organized toprovide acomprehensive andcohesive reasoning ofcausalitysameAs in “Good” butprovides views onPossible alternativecauses and/or resultsdepending on change ofconditions. Able to linkcurrent reasoning tosituations in real lifeprofessional contextssameLO3: Wt 1LO4: Wt 1Final grade = sum of individual ILO grade-point/ ∑weightingsGrade=∑LO∑ =L 0 =41GPAWeightageLO6/7/2010Copyright <strong>DrJJ</strong>, ASERG, <strong>FSG</strong>, <strong>UiTM</strong>. March 2010 191Reflectionhttp://drjj.uitm.edu.my“The goal of intellectual education is not how to repeat orretain ready-made truths… . It is in learning to masterthe truth by oneself at the risk of losing a lot of time andgoing thru all the roundabout ways that are inherent inreal activity.”(Jean Piaget, Swiss cognitive psychologist, 1896-1980)6/7/2010 Copyright <strong>DrJJ</strong>, ASERG, <strong>FSG</strong>, <strong>UiTM</strong>. March 2010 192Copyright DR JJ, ASERG, <strong>UiTM</strong>, Shah Alam 96
Outcome Based Education 07/06/2010Bloom’s s TaxonomyCategories in the Cognitive Domain(Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Bloom, 1956)Level 1 – KnowledgeThe remembering of previously learned material. This mayinvolve the recall of a wide range of material, from specificfacts to complete theories, but all that is required is thebringing to mind of the appropriate information. Knowledgerepresents the lowest level of learning outcomes in thecognitive domain.Define, describe, identify, label, list, match, name, outline,reproduce, select, state.Eg.List the six levels in the cognitive domain of Bloom’staxonomy.Define… State the main principles of Theory X.Level 2 – ComprehensionThe ability to grasp the meaning of material. This may beshown by translating material from one form to another, byinterpreting material (explaining or summarising), and byestimating future trends (predicting consequences oreffects). These learning outcomes go one step beyond thesimple remembering of material, and represent the lowestlevel of understanding.Converts, defends, distinguishes, estimates, explains, extends,generalises, gives examples, infers, paraphrases, predicts,rewrites, summarises.Eg.Describe three main features of …Explain the 3 main components of a learning outcome.Summarise the main causes of the American war in Iraq.Copyright <strong>DrJJ</strong>, ASERG, <strong>FSG</strong>, <strong>UiTM</strong>. March 2010 193Bloom’s s TaxonomyLevel 3 – ApplicationThe ability to use learned material in new and concretesituations. This may include the application of such things asrules, methods, concepts, principles, laws and theories.Learning outcomes in this area require a higher level ofunderstanding than those under ‘Comprehension’.Change, compute, demonstrate, discover, manipulate,modify, operate, predict, prepare, produce, relate, show,solve, use.E.g.:Construct measurable learning outcomes that includelower and higher order cognitive skills for a one-semestercourse.Level 4 – AnalysisThe ability to break down material into its component parts sothat its organisational structure may be understood. This mayinclude the identification of the parts, analysis of therelationships between parts, and recognition of theorganisational principles involved. Learning outcomes hererepresent a higher intellectual level than ‘Comprehension’ and‘Application’ because they require an understanding of boththe content and the structural form of the material.Break down, differentiate, discriminate, distinguish, identify,illustrate, infer, outline, point out, relate, select, separate,subdividee.g.:Analyse authentic data from various sources andprepare…Copyright <strong>DrJJ</strong>, ASERG, <strong>FSG</strong>, <strong>UiTM</strong>. March 2010 194Copyright DR JJ, ASERG, <strong>UiTM</strong>, Shah Alam 97