SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MICROBIAL ANTAGONISTS AND ...

pollinat~on. fish, blrds. cattle and human be~ngs. 01' late, the alarming rlse In thepesticide cost adds to the need of not relying on pesttcides alone for agricultural pestcontrolIncrwslng en! ~ronmcntalin/;lrds due to the lncrzasltig usr ol chc~n~cals haizbrought changes In the managcmt'nt practlce lor thr control of pest. pathogens andwwQ ('hemical Ikrt~ll~ers. pc~tlcldes and cropplng practices hate brought togetherundes~rahle changes In the nature ofthe so11 Regular and continuous use ofthese hasbrought m ne& prohlems Most alarm~ng among the drawbacks are pollut~on of theen\ tronwnt. restdual tox~c~t! ol' prsttcrdes, developrnenl of resistance In pathogensand ~mect pests and alw~ &veloprnent of harmful envtronment Ibr human bangsChem~cals ha\e plabed an important role tn protecting agriculture crops fromthe dreadful dtscasn At the utrne tlme the\ have hrought In harmful effectsResponu of pthogem to \arms chernlcal fungicides dtffen cons~derahl\ Vanouschemical funpt~l&\ llLe organom~.rtur~als kn~~mldamle< p\ nmldlnes$en+ Iamldc~ d~carho\lrnld~> ~arho\lrn~d's and rnorphol~ws shot4 \ ~r1ou5 degreesol 1nhlh111)n mtton agatnst \ arlous pathogens (I let\ In 1994)In general, pcst~clde seed tratrnents are done In almost W)OO/O of all food cropsbul st~ll h\e la oun dra~bacls i:unglcldes d~d not succeed 111 all crops. Forcmplc. Soybccln crop m On~t~rl Sliltc~ mid crrcals In burope are gmwrall! aKectedbj, thc latc-season fungal d~seau and poudrn rn~ldeu dl%respa.t~\el! before theux of systcmr funp~c~dcs An earl) trualrnent \\~th knomyl dela!s senescence andma) k able to Increase )#Id uplo 1090 through the comhlnat~on of fung~ctdes andplant growth hormone3 Selerel studles were undertaken to find out the tnh~h~toneffws of chcrnicelfunglcdrs ~ncluding cahutn. penbchlomn~trokmne.