SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MICROBIAL ANTAGONISTS AND ...

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2 Infectton experlrnent G', mm plants ratsed from the seeds soaked In dtstllledwater were ~noculated w~th R solanr on 30 DAS (days after sowlng) and leftw~thout any treatment3 Stngle treatments4 (; mar plants ralsed from sewds soaked wlth one of the follow~ng mtcrobralantagontsrs Ihr I Ih ovcrnlght \\arc lntrulated \v~th K .rotan/ on 30 [)AS& 7' hor=tamrm ( l O;o)+ P fltrorr.rc.cns -CGNS straln ( 1%)+ P flrrorc.scrn.c- Pf?3 stralns ( I 04'o)4 ('ontrol plants tnnculatcd \ctth X sr>lnnr on 30 [)AS \rere spra!ed \\.tth 10°6cthanol ph\locutact-(' pr:anten onl\ on 31 IIAS (IY spra, ) and .)h I).AS (11"qpm\ )4 Ilual traatmrnts(; mar plants mlsd from the scds snaked \wth one of the follo\vingmtcrohlal antagonists were tnoculated \nth R solonr on 30 D.4S and sprayed\\lth I(E.o ethanollc ph! twstract oC(' Rrgunrro on 3 1 DAS and 46 UASa7' hcrunum ( I O O) + I ' ptgirnlra ( 10' O) ethanol e\Lmcth P pr~wc..~ceru stra~n-C'CiN5 ( loo) + (' pponrcu ( 10°e) r.thani>l eurdctcI' ,flr~wesc-enr stram- PC3 ( loo) + (' grgcr~?tt~o ( lonu) ethanol c.\tnct1 . d samples wre collc~tcul from control. ~ n f ~ and ~ t treat~xl ~ d plants on 411)AS and 56 IIAS for ttw rrtlmatton ot'\arlou% hlc~hcnitcal parameten6 41 I)AS unl 56 I)AS represent 10lh de! unrr I and I1 spm! olph~toestmct intrcatrul plants respctt\cl!61. ULKpce /wens@ Sludes: I'wnt) live plants In ew-h pnt under each treatmenthrrc selected nl random for rlrordtng Ihc data CM Ieal'sp~t tnctdcnce The tntenstt) of
leafspot dtsease tnfectcon was categond Into five groups based on the number ofdtscaw spots pr leafi(111) Medtum / 2-5 spots 1(I\ ) I 1co\.\(\ ) Vcn hcaq1 5-11) spots!jMore than lo spotsIhc d~scase tntenstt\ Has gncn numcr~cal for stat~sttcal analys (ntl*)I~ght=l.rncdtum-2, hca\> 3 and \en hea\-\ =J)6 2. MORPUO/.U(;I(:4L P.4Rdblt'TER.V:hL I. Shm Imflh: Shoot length a.as measured utth the help of scale and wetted62.2. ford leaf area Ihe area \\as calculat~d follo\\tnp the formula of KcmpI l W)) I hc total leaf aru &as ohtil~nrd h multtpl> tng t k total numhr of Ieatzs prrplantlotal Ical area .- I\ I3 \ ki \ NU'krc. I; length ol'tk lentH = hrcath ol'th' lent'I; -I Kcmps ('onstant (0 M for d~coth)N = Numkr of Icabes F r plant62.3. ~7ddpam~rn: 011 thc II snmpllng dn!. pcJs nerc rcmo\~d from tk control.tnfwtcd and treated plants and No ot pds and No o l ' per ~ pnl ~ \vent ~ recorded63. ELECTROL rncm.im6'E: FUII! e~pdcd meture leaves ww COIICC~~ andwashed undcr tap wtlm and lhcn placed In 6ml-ckwntsed \rater To estlmatc Ihc
Page 1 and 2: SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MICROBIAL AN
Page 3 and 4: MS. ASHA. A. N.DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTR
Page 5 and 6: 1 am e~retm-4 gratefill to my super
Page 7: APSUSACBBEDTAHEPES0-MEI ~ MI'C APMS
Page 10 and 11: - --the dietary requirement of man,
Page 12 and 13: nitrogen through the symb~ot~c bact
Page 14 and 15: - - -aspartlc acid 5 7%. glutamrc a
Page 16 and 17: important ones. In maklng tofu, drl
Page 18 and 19: with some supplies coming from Indi
Page 20 and 21: emain for several years in soil and
Page 22 and 23: have been identified as species of
Page 24 and 25: --funglc~des. vlz , thirem, pentach
Page 26 and 27: din~troanlline and tnfluralin on R.
Page 28 and 29: appropriate charactertsatlon of the
Page 30 and 31: B~nder. 1973). Trrchaderma and C;li
Page 32 and 33: oth the test lung1 was affected and
Page 34 and 35: The integrated use of b~ological co
Page 37 and 38: MATERIALS AND METHOD5In the present
Page 40 and 41: Unrversrty. Coimbatore and Departme
Page 42 and 43: To 50 ml stertllzed czapek's l~quid
Page 44 and 45: ntxture. The enzyme actlvlty was ex
Page 46 and 47: VIscosIb mrawracnl: Ostwald vimmete
Page 48 and 49: 100 g of talc powder was taken In e
Page 52 and 53: amount of electrolyte released from
Page 54 and 55: Z2.2. REDUCING SUGARS: Amount of re
Page 56 and 57: 4 Solution H 20 p of n~nhydrrn was
Page 58 and 59: Reagents:I Ilye IlM) rng ol'C'tmrna
Page 60 and 61: pestle The hornogenate was filtered
Page 62 and 63: sample was added to a test tube wtt
Page 64 and 65: mlnlne water was trmoved with the e
Page 66 and 67: atmosphere w~thin the tank became s
Page 69 and 70: IN VITRO STUDIES:Rrrdlrrl ~cefiol g
Page 71: Photograph I. ('ulture plates showi
Page 74 and 75: I>cvc.lopmmr of antibiotic reslttan
Page 76 and 77: T~blc 3 Elfcct of srngle and dual t
Page 78 and 79: Flgw: 2. E&ts ol'smgk and dual trea
Page 80 and 81: C
Page 82 and 83: Table S Effect of single and dual t
Page 84 and 85: IN VIVO STUDIES:Ulsense intensi(11:
Page 86 and 87: Table 7 Effcci of slnglc and dual t
Page 88 and 89: No'fable 8 Effect of slnple and dua
Page 90 and 91: Table 10 Effect of s~ngle and dual
Page 92 and 93: I'ablc I I hH'ect of single and dua
Page 94 and 95: 1 vblt 12 l:llec~ ol aingic and dua
Page 96 and 97: l'rhle I3 Efict ol's~ngle and dual
Page 98 and 99: Table 14 I3lecl of single and dual
Page 100 and 101:
value (1-10.28 and 11-9.58 mg/g d.w
Page 102 and 103:
PHENOL: The phenol content In the l
Page 104 and 105:
'Table 18 Eflect of s~ngle and dual
Page 106 and 107:
followed hy CGNS (1-0 082 and 11-0
Page 108 and 109:
Table 21. Effkt ofr~ngle and dual t
Page 110 and 111:
Plate 1. SDS-PAGE analysis of singl
Page 113:
Figure 6. 'H-NIR SPECTRI:hl OF ACI'
Page 116 and 117:
0 urn-* nu - Y I2& a 7 ,*a -i:5:6 C
Page 118 and 119:
DISCUSSIONThe present studv brlngs
Page 120 and 121:
(2001) confirmed that the ant~bioti
Page 122 and 123:
evealed that m vrrro rnyceltal grow
Page 124 and 125:
-dual treatment is due to the fact
Page 126 and 127:
wall of R, solani. Riathilagam (199
Page 128 and 129:
Dlsense Intensiy Studles: Significa
Page 130 and 131:
spp. created a competition for nutr
Page 132 and 133:
- - - - -- - -Mukhopadhyay (2003) b
Page 134 and 135:
the yield can be attributed to the
Page 136 and 137:
two Pseudomonos stralns reduced ele
Page 138 and 139:
photosynthetic pigments In the leav
Page 140 and 141:
treatments, Pt23 + C. gigantea exhi
Page 142 and 143:
- --ammonia Finally they are conver
Page 144 and 145:
- -Highest amount of protein obtain
Page 146 and 147:
the pathogen towards the other heal
Page 148 and 149:
treated wlth the mvcel~al extract o
Page 150 and 151:
cellular contents also (Leopold and
Page 152 and 153:
substance obtained from the leafext
Page 154:
out the fact that these fung~ are a
Page 158 and 159:
ought by the microbial antagonist w
Page 160 and 161:
SUMMARYThe present study bnngs out
Page 162 and 163:
+ All the single and dual heamrents
Page 164 and 165:
enhanced physiological activities a
Page 166 and 167:
Ahad I.R. Uurzo MI'. I.IU I). Naras
Page 168 and 169:
Barea JM. Bianciotto V. Dowling I).
Page 170 and 171:
Boysen M. Borja M del Moral C. Sala
Page 172 and 173:
Christopher ET, Andrew CG. Robert F
Page 174 and 175:
Denis C. Wehster J (1971 a) Antagon
Page 176 and 177:
-DultT BJ, JW Meller. Bakker PAHM,
Page 178 and 179:
Haware MI'. Mukherlee PK. Lenne JM,
Page 180 and 181:
-Janlslewlcz WJ (1988) Blocontrol o
Page 182 and 183:
Koul OP, Muthoo AK (1999) Effect of
Page 184 and 185:
Lorito M. Di Pietro A. Hayes UK, Wo
Page 186 and 187:
McCready RM, Guggale J. Silviera V,
Page 188 and 189:
- --- --Ogla L, Ozerestksonkaya OL
Page 190 and 191:
Pugazhenthi S (2001) Effect of aque
Page 192 and 193:
- --'Rueslnk, AW. Thlmann KV (1965)
Page 194 and 195:
-- -- - -Shama RR. Gout HN, Bora KK
Page 196 and 197:
Tewari AK, Mukhopadhyay AN (2001) M
Page 198 and 199:
Wang G. Mlchallldes rJ, Bostock RM
Page 201:
LIST OF PUBLICATIONSI. Asha AN, Kan
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