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22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting: Salt Water Intrusion in Aquifers: Challenges and PerspectivesAPPLICATION OF ELETROKINETIC BARRIER FOR SALINE WATERINTRUSION: AN APPROACH FOR COASTAL AQUIFER MANAGEMENTIN MACEIÓ-AL.LIMA, Jonathan Tenório de; GUEDES Jr.; J. C.; SOUZA, M. M.; BARBOSA, M. C.jonathantenorio88@gmail.comCOPPE/UFRJCidade Universitária da UFRJ Ilha do Fundão - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - BrasilCaixa Postal 68506 CEP 21945-970Abstract. The process of salt water intrusion in coastal aquifers of Maceió has been seen as aserious challenge to urban environmental management. In particular there is anoverexploitation of groundwater for public and private water supply. According to Nobre andNobre (2001) about 80% of water supply is conceived from groundwater. The local geology isconstituted by sandstone sediments varying from fine to medium sands intercalated by claylenses that originate the geological formations Barreiras, Maceió and Coqueiro Ceco. Eliset.al. (2004) verified an increasing evolution on salt concentrations in groundwater, includingsites located close to supply wells. The problem is worsened due to the number of irregularwells not registered on the environmental agency in disagreement with grant instrument ofNational Water Resources Policy already in force all over country. As a mitigation of theenvironmental impact it is proposed to apply electrokinetic barriers. Eletrokinesis occurs dueto the presence of an electric field what induce ions to migrate in the direction of theelectrode of opposite charge. Then cations move to anode and anions move to cathode. Ingeneral free positive charges exceed the number of negative charges on soil surface and thena resultant flow take place in the direction of anode. The method has been demonstrated to besatisfactory for containment of heavy metal plumes (Lynch, 2007) and it is believed that thesame can be successfully used for salt water wedge. The tool is underutilized in Brazil,however it can represent an advance for solving this kind of problem. Elis, V. R.; Barroso,C.M.R.; Kiang, C.H. (2004). Aplicação de ensaios de resistividade na caracterização doSistema Aquífero Barreiras / Marituba em Maceió – AL. Rev. Bras. Geof. vol.22 no.2 SãoPaulo. Lynch, R. (2007). Electrokinetic Barriers for Preventing Groundwater Pollution. In:Reddy, K.; Cameselle, C. (editors). Electrochemical remediation technologies for pollutedsoils, sediments and groundwater, chapter 16, p. 335-356, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.Nobre, M.M.M.; Nobre, R.C.M. (2001). Nobre, M.M.M. Caracterização Hidrogeológica paraUso Racional e Proteção dos Mananciais Subterrâneos em Maceió-AL. RBRH-RevistaBrasileira de Recursos Hídricos, vol. 6, n.1, p.7-20.Keywords: eletrokinetic barrier; aquifer management; salt water intrusion120
22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting: Salt Water Intrusion in Aquifers: Challenges and PerspectivesCLIMATE PROOF AREAS: INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVINGTHE FRESHWATER AVAILABILITY!Van BAAREN, E. S.; De LOUW, P. G. B.; OUDE ESSINK, G. H. P.; PAUW, P.;HAREZLAK, V.esther.vanbaaren@deltares.nlDELTARESAbstract. The Dutch island Schouwen-Duiveland is surrounded by saline water, lies mainlybelow sea level and suffers drought and salt damage to crops. The island was selected by theEU projects CPA and Cliwat as pilot for climate related research. Implementation ofmeasures is often not successful due to a lack of technical knowledge or ‘forgetting’ thepractical knowledge and wishes by researchers. Can the combination of geohydrologicalresearch and workshops with farmers lead to the implementation of successful measures forfreshwater supply?; The current situation has been investigated with this approach. Theimpacts of climate change of the last decades are experienced by farmers: 10-30% droughtdamage to crops and inappropriate areas for agriculture due to salinisation. With acalibrated density dependent groundwater model the freshwater resources have beenlocalized and climate change has been quantified: salt loads from the groundwater systemwill increase with 20% within 40 years. Climate change is not part of farmers business, butthere is a common sense of urgency.; Concrete plans for innovative solutions to improve thefreshwater supply on the island were developed for 1. areas with limited fresh water availablefor irrigation and 2. saline seepage areas with thin rainwater lenses floating on saltgroundwater where irrigation is too expensive. Solutions lie in the geohydrological system:increasing freshwater lenses in creek ridges for irrigation and making the vulnerablerainwater lenses climate-robust. Field experiments together with the farmers start in 2012.;The combination of quantification instruments and practical experience created opportunitiesfor innovative countermeasures for an independent climate-robust freshwater supply. Thesense of urgency has been felt by the local government which resulted into their strategicvision for freshwater availability on the island. With successful field test, this approach canbe applied worldwide in vulnerable deltas.Keywords: freshwater, solutions, innovation, climate, island121
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SWIM22 - 22 nd Salt Water Intrusion
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Local Supporting Organizing TeamMar
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Peter StuyfzandKiwa Water Research,
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PrefaceWelcome to the 22 nd Salt Wa
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SUMMARYKeynote Lectures pg 13Coasta
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Groundwater hypersalinization in a
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Hydrostratigraphic Study of Itaipua
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Keynote Lectures
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22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting:
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Effects of sea levelrise and climat
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Hans Sulzbacher 1 ; Helga Wiederhol
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Resistivity [Ωm]0.1 1 10 100 10000
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2. METHODS Figure 1a.
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4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONSREFERE
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METHODS 51
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DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
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2. RESULTS, HOW TO GET THERE AND WH
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STUDY OF THE SALTWATER-FRESHWATER I
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4. DISCUSSION5. CONCLUSIONS67
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Ruben Caljé 1 ; Frans Schaars 1 ;
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Figure 2: The modeled interface dep
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Selected case studies
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CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF DAR ES SALAAM Q
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1. INTRODUCTION 2. HYDROGEOCHEMI
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1,61,41,210,80,60,40,20H-3 (TU)Luiz
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Saltwater intrusionsAquifer partly
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U4Quakenbrück212
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Understanding of salinewater hydrod
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Marie Perriquet 1,2 ;Tiernan Henry
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTREFERENCES234
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1. INTRODUCTION2. EXAMPLE: UPCONING
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REFERENCES256
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Figure 1. Computed density and mole
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Depth (m)22 nd Salt Water Intrusion
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