Here - Meta Marketing e Eventos

More documents

Recommendations

Info

22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting: Salt Water Intrusion in Aquifers: Challenges and Perspectivesis kept in the gutter than we calculated with the numerical model. And, there is a delay of 10-20 seconds inthe experimental setup, because of the initial filling of the tubes. However, generally the models givesimilar outcomes and we may conclude that the numerical model can be used to study the functioning of theStorage Tank (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CY1_DboFpak).Numerical model result after infiltration (t=75 min)Numerical model result during recovery (t=1363 min)Experimental model result after infiltration (t=75 min)Experimental model result during recovery (t=1363 min)Sensitivities.Width and depth of the Storage Tank. A wider Storage Tank could serve a wider area above ground.However, the width of the Storage Tank is directly proportional to the volume of fresh water in the mixingzone at the bottom, and therefore a smaller Storage Tank is more attractive. Hence, the optimal width ishighly dependent on its final use. As for the influence of the depth of the Storage Tank on the recoveryefficiency; results show deeper walls will lead to higher recovery efficiency for all modeled circumstances.This is because the width of the mixing zone stays the same and therefore the amount of freshwater lost inthe mixing zone stays the same. Due to the larger capacity caused by the deeper walls; relatively the amountof fresh water lost gets smaller.Leakage. When a larger volume of fresh water is injected than the capacity of the Storage Tank, this willresult in leakage under the impermeable barrier. Therefore an optimal size of the Storage Tank exists. Dueto the density difference, the leaking fresh water will float up directly next to the impermeable barrier whereit spreads out. It seems to be impossible to recover this water via the Storage Tank and therefore, this wateris considered lost. However, the fresh water will presumably do no harm to the surrounding environment.Soil properties. In case of larger porosities; larger voids lead to a larger capacity of the Storage Tank. Therewill be less leakage under the impermeable wall and will lead to a higher recovery efficiency. On the otherhand larger conductivities lead to a faster leaking process. When the maximum capacity of the Storage Tankis reached, the recovery efficiency quickly degrades for higher conductivities.270
22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting: Salt Water Intrusion in Aquifers: Challenges and PerspectivesCONCLUSIONSFresh water storage in saline aquifers seems feasible by means of the Storage Tank. The main characteristicof the Storage Tank is by using vertical subsurface impermeable barriers in a shallow saline aquifer thefresh water in stock is horizontally locked on top of the saline water below functioning as the tank’s variablebottom. The stored and recoverable volume of fresh water depends on the width and depth of the StorageTank, and on the characteristics of the aquifer. Our modeling results show that the recovery efficiencyincreases from 30% in the first cycle to more than 70% in the fifth cycle in the lab-scale configuration.Further research will include investigation of the effect of evaporation and well extraction and modelingwith real-case aquifer characteristics.LITERATUREGinkel, M. van, Olsthoorn, T.N., Smidt, E., Darwish, R., Rashwan, S., 2010. Fresh Storage SalineExtraction (FSSE) wells, feasibility of fresh water storage in saline aquifer with a focus on the Red Seacoast, Egypt. ISMAR7 proceedings.Guo, W., Langevin, C.D., 2002. User’s Guide to SEAWAT: a computer program for simulation of threedimensionalvariable density groundwater-flow. USFS Open file report 01-434.Kumar, A., Kimbler, O.K., 1970. Effect of Dispersion, Gravitational Segregation, and FormationStratification on the Recovery of Freshwater Stored in Saline Aquifers. Water Resources Research, Vol. 6,No. 6, p 1689-1700.Merrit, M.L., 1986. Recovering Fresh Water Stored in Saline Limestone Aquifers. Groundwater Vol. 24,No. 4, p 516-529.Olsthoorn, T.N., 2011. User Guide for MfLab. Mflab.googlecode.com.Pyne, R.D.G.,1995. Groundwater Recharge and Wells: A guide to Aquifer Storage Recovery. LewisPublishers, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.Full paper available on: http://blackboard.tudelft.nl/bbcswebdav/users/bdestombe/ASR_Storage_Tank.pdf271
Page 3 and 4:
SWIM22 - 22 nd Salt Water Intrusion
Page 5 and 6:
Local Supporting Organizing TeamMar
Page 7 and 8:
Peter StuyfzandKiwa Water Research,
Page 9 and 10:
PrefaceWelcome to the 22 nd Salt Wa
Page 11 and 12:
SUMMARYKeynote Lectures pg 13Coasta
Page 13:
Groundwater hypersalinization in a
Page 16 and 17:
Hydrostratigraphic Study of Itaipua
Page 18 and 19:
Keynote Lectures
Page 20 and 21:
22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 35:
Effects of sea levelrise and climat
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Hans Sulzbacher 1 ; Helga Wiederhol
Page 43:
Resistivity [Ωm]0.1 1 10 100 10000
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
2. METHODS Figure 1a.
Page 50 and 51:
4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONSREFERE
Page 52 and 53:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
METHODS 51
Page 59 and 60:
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
2. RESULTS, HOW TO GET THERE AND WH
Page 70 and 71:
STUDY OF THE SALTWATER-FRESHWATER I
Page 73 and 74:
4. DISCUSSION5. CONCLUSIONS67
Page 75:
Hydrogeochemical and isotopicmethod
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Figure 1 Location map of study area
Page 82 and 83:
Therefore, it was clarified that th
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
GROUNDWATER HYPERSALINIZATION IN A
Page 90:
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
GROUNDWATER ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE IN
Page 141 and 142:
2. GEOLOGICAL SETTING 3. H
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
145
Page 153 and 154:
147
Page 155 and 156:
1. INTRODUCTION 2. MATERIALS AND ME
Page 157 and 158:
4. CONCLUSIONS
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173:
New approaches onmodelling (general
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Ruben Caljé 1 ; Frans Schaars 1 ;
Page 196 and 197:
Figure 2: The modeled interface dep
Page 199:
Selected case studies
Page 202 and 203:
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF DAR ES SALAAM Q
Page 204 and 205:
198
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
1. INTRODUCTION 2. HYDROGEOCHEMI
Page 212 and 213:
1,61,41,210,80,60,40,20H-3 (TU)Luiz
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Saltwater intrusionsAquifer partly
Page 218 and 219:
U4Quakenbrück212
Page 220 and 221:
Page 223:
Understanding of salinewater hydrod
Page 226 and 227: 22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting:
Page 236 and 237: Marie Perriquet 1,2 ;Tiernan Henry
Page 238 and 239: 232
Page 240 and 241: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTREFERENCES234
Page 260 and 261: 1. INTRODUCTION2. EXAMPLE: UPCONING
Page 262 and 263: REFERENCES256
Page 264 and 265: 258
Page 266 and 267: Figure 1. Computed density and mole
Page 268 and 269: 262
Page 272 and 273: Depth (m)22 nd Salt Water Intrusion
Page 288: 22 nd Salt Water Intrusion Meeting:
show all

Here - Meta Marketing e Eventos

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?