SOCIETYBarbarians. Centuries <strong>of</strong> separation fromthe other Antalian populations andintermittent contact with the Littoniansand the <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns have modified theirlanguage. Viaskan is 85% compatiblewith the dialect spoken around theAlphan Peninsula, 65% withNorwoldensian, and less that 60% withthe Icereach or Wyrmsteeth dialects.ReligionSaamari religious practices haveformalized over the centuries, partially asa result <strong>of</strong> the rise <strong>of</strong> the Church <strong>of</strong><strong>Kaarjala</strong>. <strong>The</strong> High Priest <strong>of</strong> the Church,widely known as the Grand Smith <strong>of</strong>Ilmarinen, oversees a clerical councilcomprised <strong>of</strong> the most senior clergymen(called Smiths) from each community.<strong>The</strong> council discusses broadadministrative and doctrinal matters, butit grants individual priests and itinerantsconsiderable leeway to run their ownaffairs.Individual Smiths also act as thespiritual voices <strong>of</strong> their communities, andthey have a level <strong>of</strong> authority greater thana village council member. In addition toleading regular religious services andother ceremonies, many clerics also <strong>of</strong>fera limited education for <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns inexchange for service or generous tithes.In most places, such educationencompasses a rudimentary knowledge <strong>of</strong>the history and legends <strong>of</strong> <strong>Kaarjala</strong> (more<strong>of</strong> the latter), basic arithmetic, and theinculcation <strong>of</strong> social values. If the clericis literate, students may also be taught toread – this is more common in the largersettlements.<strong>The</strong> people <strong>of</strong> <strong>Kaarjala</strong> – both Saamariand Vaarana – revere legendary figuresand personifications <strong>of</strong> the physicalworld, as befits a people who arose in thefar north and survived its severe climate.<strong>The</strong> listings for Immortals linked to thetheir beliefs reveal the hidden,convoluted history <strong>of</strong> the people, withelements borrowed from the (O)ltecs,(N)eathar, (T)honians, (L)ittonians,(V)iaskodas, and even the (H)umanoids.Not every figure <strong>of</strong> lore corresponds toan actual Immortal, and Ilmarinen, Thor,and Terra (or Djaea) perform multipleroles for different aspects that arevenerated separately. <strong>The</strong> figure <strong>of</strong> Ukkoarose from contact with the Thonians(Blackmoorians) and originally waslinked to Odin, but it becameincreasingly affiliated with Thor over thecenturies <strong>of</strong> Viaskodan contact.Additionally, Hel took over the persona<strong>of</strong> Tuoni after the apparent demise <strong>of</strong>Thanatos during Nithia’s destruction, butJabbmeaaakka is tied to the beastmen andhumanoids. Immortals whose names areitalicized are considered female by the<strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns.<strong>The</strong> Vaarana cleave more strongly tothe folklore roots and their historic<strong>The</strong> Common <strong>Kaarjala</strong>n PatronsFigure Immortal Attribute SourceIlmarinen Ilmarinen Craftsmanship NativeLemminkainen Ilmarinen Hunting NativeVainamoinen Ilmarinen War Native<strong>The</strong> Saamari PatronsAhti Protius Water, rivers NPekko Terra Crops, barley, brewing NPelervo Terra Harvests NTapio Ordana Forests LTuoni Hel Death O/TUkko Thor <strong>The</strong> sky, thunder T/V<strong>The</strong> Vaarana PatronsBeaivi Ixion <strong>The</strong> sun OMattarakka Terra Mother Goddess, women, children HHovrengalles Thor <strong>The</strong> sky, thunder VJabbmeaaakka Hel Death, the Underworld HBieggolmai None Wind, the powers <strong>of</strong> nature Nativeinteractions with humanoids and othertribes, and they follow a shamanistictradition. Everything – people, animals,and even plants – is thought to be sacred,created by the powers beyond as part <strong>of</strong>their great work. Noaide (shamans) actas mediators between mortals and theImmortals, asking questions on behalf <strong>of</strong>their people and relaying any responses.Most such communication concerns thesacrifice required to cure an illness,conceive a child, or ensure success on ahunt. Noaide also mediate disputes,perform healing, and bestow blessings –thus, they play a critical role in anyVaarana community.Most Vaarana also believe in the notion<strong>of</strong> a dualistic soul; people are generallythought to have two souls – oneassociated with the body and itsfunctions, and one for the mind thatdeparts after death. This belief is held bymany Shonak tribes as well.Holidays and CelebrationsJuhannus: Juhannus is the mainMidsummer festival. Great bonfires areburned and drunken revelry is the order<strong>of</strong> the day. Although there is no set dayfor the event, <strong>Kaarjala</strong>n communitiesnormally hold this celebration withinseven days <strong>of</strong> the solstice. During thistime, some young women also makebridal wreaths and place them under theirbeds, after which they are supposed tosee their future husbands in their dreams.Joulu: Joulu is the <strong>Kaarjala</strong>nMidwinter celebration, anacknowledgment <strong>of</strong> the old year’spassing, and the dawn <strong>of</strong> the new one. Inaddition to family feasts with a foodspread called the joulupöytä, a commonpractice is to melt a piece <strong>of</strong> tin and dropit into a bucket <strong>of</strong> cold water. <strong>The</strong> shapeassumed by the tin is used to predictone’s fortunes for the coming year.CultureTo those who know them, the<strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns have a reputation for beingvery straightforward and stubborn. Littlethought is given to a person’s title, whattheir ancestors did, or what they claimthey can do; all that matters is what aperson can do right now, and whether16
SOCIETYthey can be depended on to help theirfamily or community. <strong>The</strong>ir attitudes arecharacteristic <strong>of</strong> the peoples who livenorth <strong>of</strong> the Great Bay, but the <strong>Kaarjala</strong>nscarry it to an even further degree. Cut <strong>of</strong>ffrom other “civilized” nations anddependent on a magical artifact for theircontinued prosperity, <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns feel theyhave little luxury to dwell on possibilitiesor be introspective; threats to survival arevery real and require quick action.<strong>The</strong> everyday perils <strong>of</strong> life in the farnorth have inured the <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns toadversity; the struggle to survive isconsidered a part <strong>of</strong> life, just as theseasons’ progression and the weatherpatterns are seen as elements <strong>of</strong> existencethat cannot be controlled by mortals.This stoic acceptance <strong>of</strong> the challenges <strong>of</strong>life, encompassed by the Saamari wordsisu (“grit and guts”), is <strong>of</strong>ten viewed asmelancholy by most others, save perhapsfor the dwarves whose own attitudes aresimilar in some respects.To the <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns, sisu expresses thesheer determination that allowed theirancestors to build their kingdom and towithstand the suffering they enduredwhile driving away invading forces thatwould take away their hard-won lands.This carries forward into a deep regardfor the value <strong>of</strong> hard work, theimportance <strong>of</strong> the common struggle tosurvive, and the need to do whatever isnecessary to keep what one has.<strong>The</strong> <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns hold a deep reverencefor nature in all its forms. This attitudestems in part from their nomadicbackground – a lifestyle still practiced bymost Vaarana – but also from theirenduring respect (and fear, to somedegree) <strong>of</strong> the capriciousness <strong>of</strong> nature.Most Saamari express this reverence byenjoying nature’s bounty whenever theycan, and holding festivals to mark theturning <strong>of</strong> the seasons; the Vaarana, asdiscussed above, tend towards the directworship <strong>of</strong> nature in all its forms.Another nomadically derived feature <strong>of</strong>the Vaarana culture is the use <strong>of</strong> unique“family runes.” <strong>The</strong>se runes serve thesame purpose as branding and denotewhich reindeer belong to whom. Vaaranawho still herd reindeer will alwaysrecognize another family’s rune on sight.JokamiehenoikeusA commonly-held notion among<strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns is that <strong>of</strong> jokamiehenoikeus(“everyman’s right”, or more commonly“right to roam”). <strong>The</strong> people have theright to access all open, uncultivatedland, be it public or privately owned.Thus, gardens and farmers’ fields areconsidered <strong>of</strong>f-limits, while pasturelandand forests are not. This right carrieswith it responsibilities – trespassers areexpected to make their passage as tracefreeas possible, and those foraging orhunting are expected only to take asmuch as they need to eat in the now.Those who deny jokamiehenoikeus toothers are ostracized.This practice arose during thekingdom’s early years, when the landwas still cold and brutal. Saamari chiefsat the time agreed that their collectivesurvival would be dependent on sharingresources, and property restrictions wereloosened. Some <strong>of</strong> these attitudespersisted even as the realm became moreorganized. It should be noted, this beliefdoes not extend to personal possessions.Currency and TradeMost <strong>Kaarjala</strong>ns conduct their businessthrough barter – this practice is commoneven in Kaarja – but the kingdom hasminted coins for well over a century. <strong>The</strong>initial purposes <strong>of</strong> the currency was topay mercenaries and for the settling <strong>of</strong>accounts between the noble families thatcould not be met with livestock or othergoods. As trade deepens with Littoniaand foreign mercantile interests operatingthere, currency is becoming moreimportant as a medium <strong>of</strong> exchange.<strong>The</strong> <strong>Kaarjala</strong>n currency system is basedon the markka (gp, plural markkaa),which is subdivided into the penni (sp,plural penniä), and the oren (cp, pluralorenissa). Foreign coins – primarilyLittonian santīmu (sp), but also Alphatianmirrors (sp) and judges (cp) – are used inlarger <strong>Kaarjala</strong>n settlements; the formervalued by weight, the latter at face value.Where coins are exchanged domestically,it is almost always silver or copper thatchange hands; few people are wealthyenough to have markkaa. Cutting coinsto make change is a common practice.Due to the beneficial effects <strong>of</strong> theGreat Sampo, <strong>Kaarjala</strong> produces enoughbasic foodstuffs (primarily grains andpotatoes) to feed itself in all but the worstyears. <strong>The</strong>re is significant logging andfishing, but most production is fordomestic consumption. Growing marketsexist in Littonia and Alpha for <strong>Kaarjala</strong>nhides – particularly reindeer, bear, andringed seal.<strong>The</strong> semi-nomadic Vaarana rely on theherds <strong>of</strong> reindeer during the wintermonths and farm ancestral lands in<strong>Kaarjala</strong> during the summer. <strong>The</strong>y storea portion <strong>of</strong> their harvests in stonestorehouses dug into the ground to helpsurvive the lean times. Other than sellinghides or cured meat, they contribute verylittle to <strong>Kaarjala</strong>’s economy.GovernanceAlthough it is an organized kingdom,<strong>Kaarjala</strong> lacks many <strong>of</strong> the trappings andinstitutions, e.g. codified laws, penalcodes, and bureaucracies that KnownWorlders would expect to see in a nation.<strong>The</strong> <strong>of</strong>ten harsh environment militatedagainst developing more complex socialsystems. Nevertheless, <strong>Kaarjala</strong>n societyhas a stable monarchy with a strong,independent-minded nobility.<strong>The</strong> most important locus <strong>of</strong> authorityis the town or village council (thekäräjäoikeus). Local nobles wieldinfluence with these councils, butcommunities under their jurisdiction aretypically allowed to run their day-to-dayaffairs themselves. <strong>The</strong> exception to thisarrangement occurs during times <strong>of</strong> crisisor war, in which case it is understood thatthe nobility will assume responsibility forprotecting the people in exchange fortheir obedience. <strong>The</strong> king is a distantfigure who figures infrequently in dailylife, but his visits to communities aremajor events, and the details quicklybecome the stuff <strong>of</strong> legend as they areretold and embellished.Traditionally, only the king or hisdesignees may collect taxes. At the time<strong>of</strong> <strong>Kaarjala</strong>’s founding, there was onlythe people and their leader. Even afterthe nobility arose, this arrangement hadremained, but this once-personal connectionbetween liege and subject grew ritualizedthrough the tax collection system.17