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of these cases required notification under §5.236 of the <strong>Texas</strong> Water Code during this <strong>report</strong>ing period. Nocases were dropped from the 1996 listing.The Water Section has listed five cases with confirmed <strong>groundwater</strong> contamination in Table 1 under theheading “ENF/WTR.” None of these cases required notification under §5.236 during this <strong>report</strong>ing periodand no new cases were added in 1997.Field Operations DivisionProgram Description. Reports of alleged <strong>groundwater</strong> contamination received from citizens or referred fromother agencies or entities are assigned for investigation to the TNRCC division with jurisdiction for theparticular type of activity involved. Regulated activities include industrial and municipal wastewaterdischarge, industrial hazardous and solid waste storage and disposal, municipal solid waste transfer anddisposal, and petroleum storage tanks. Field Operations Division personnel are generally the first to respondto complaints, emergency spills, or various other situations which may result in <strong>groundwater</strong> contamination.After the investigation is completed and contamination is confirmed, field personnel refer the case to theappropriate division for coordination. If a particular activity or jurisdiction cannot be identified, then aninvestigation is conducted by the Field Operations Division.Information is gathered about the contamination site through site inspection, well or contamination sourceinventory, and water-quality sampling. The information is analyzed and <strong>report</strong>ed to the complainant. Effortsare made to effect remediation or enforcement as necessary. Reports are maintained in <strong>groundwater</strong>contamination investigation files for complaint sites in the TNRCC's Central Records.In addition, the Field Operations Division manages the administration of the Edwards Aquifer Water QualityProtection rules consisting of review and approval of water pollution abatement plans, sewage collectionsystem plans, and static hydrocarbon and hazardous substance storage facility plans. Rules for the protectionof the Edwards Aquifer (Title 30, <strong>Texas</strong> Administrative Code, Chapter 213) were amended and becameeffective in December 1996.Status of Groundwater Monitoring Programs. The contamination investigation program is essentially aresponse program. The program does not involve monitoring of <strong>groundwater</strong> in association with a regulatedactivity in order to detect contamination. During certain remediation activities of identified <strong>groundwater</strong>contamination, the TNRCC may perform or require <strong>groundwater</strong> monitoring to evaluate remediation progressor success.Status of Groundwater Contamination. 11 cases of <strong>groundwater</strong> contamination are listed, by county, inTable 1 under the division heading “FOD.” No new cases were added by the division in 1997. Most of thecases listed for the Field Operations Division in Table 1 involve hydrocarbons associated with spills or leaks.34
Industrial and Hazardous Waste DivisionProgram Description. The Industrial and Hazardous Waste (IHW) Division regulates the disposal ofhazardous and non-hazardous industrial solid waste and hazardous municipal waste under the authority of the<strong>Texas</strong> Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended (Chapter 361, <strong>Texas</strong> Health and Safety Code), and underfederal authorization to administer the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), asamended. The IHW Division also regulates radioactive waste disposal program under the authority of the<strong>Texas</strong> Radiation Control Act, as amended (Chapter 401, <strong>Texas</strong> Health and Safety Code), and under thefederal authorization of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended. The uranium mining and millinglicensing program was transferred to the <strong>Texas</strong> Department of Health in July, 1997; consequently<strong>groundwater</strong> monitoring requirements and contamination events previously <strong>report</strong>ed at those sites are nolonger included in this <strong>report</strong>. In addition to operating federally-authorized programs, the IHW Division alsorefers cases to the Enforcement Division/Waste Section when they involve violations of §26.121 of the <strong>Texas</strong>Water Code, which prohibits unauthorized discharges into or adjacent to waters in the state, including<strong>groundwater</strong>.Under RCRA authorization, the IHW Division regulates the <strong>groundwater</strong> monitoring programs (Detection,Compliance and Corrective Action Programs) of approximately 250 industrial facilities with land disposalunits. Land disposal units subject to regulation include landfills, landfill spill sites where contamination is notremoved, surface impoundments, land treatment units, and waste piles. Monitoring of <strong>groundwater</strong> quality inthe uppermost aquifer beneath these units is achieved through the combined efforts of the IHW Division(Permits Section, Underground Injection Control, and Radioactive Waste Section), Enforcement Division(Waste Section), and the Pollution Cleanup Division (Corrective Action Section).Program Descriptions. More than one type of monitoring program can be required at a facility, dependingon the number, age, and location of land disposal units and the applicable regulatory programs. Essentially, asmany as seven distinct monitoring programs could be required at an industrial facility as a result of changesin the hazardous and solid waste program over time for the facility. A summary of major programs andprogram changes follows.Prior to 1981, monitoring at solid waste sites was required: 1) by permit for off-site commercial disposalfacilities; 2) pursuant to an information request to complete a solid waste registration for on-site noncommercialdisposal facilities; or 3) in response to enforcement directives. Monitoring requirements were notstandardized.Since November 19, 1981, all on-site disposal facilities subject to RCRA have been required by agency rulesto conduct a standardized detection monitoring program (Program No. 1) during the interim status perioduntil such time as a permit with site-specific monitoring requirements is issued, or the waste facility is closedby removal of hazardous waste and contamination to levels protective of human health and the environment.Unless specific variances are granted, this program requires all operators to sample for a standard suite ofparameters and to perform the same statistical evaluation of the results. When a release is indicated, theoperator implements an assessment monitoring program (Program No. 2) designed to determine thecomposition and extent of the release.Once permitted, an operator continues to monitor the waste units according to provisions in the facility'spermit. A permitted detection monitoring program (Program No. 3) is specified for units for which no releasehas been indicated. The sampling program is based on hazardous constituents specific to the waste beingdisposed. Should a release occur, the operator implements a compliance monitoring program (Program No. 4)35
Page 5: Table of ContentsACRONYMS .........
Page 8 and 9: ACRONYMSAgencies, Divisions, and Pr
Page 10 and 11: The report further
Page 12 and 13: groundwater qualit
Page 14 and 15: Describing an agency's enforcement
Page 16 and 17: Figure 2a. Groundwater Contaminatio
Page 19 and 20: GROUNDWATER PROTECTIONThe following
Page 21 and 22: core program compliance, thus provi
Page 23 and 24: ability to remove or treat all cont
Page 25 and 26: approach that will expedite remedia
Page 27 and 28: Reporting Unauthorized Discharges a
Page 29 and 30: county judges and county health ent
Page 31 and 32: USER’S GUIDEThe remaining portion
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3. Contamination Case Descri
Page 35 and 36: Figure 4. Enforcement Status Matrix
Page 37 and 38: Activity Status CodesOnce g
Page 39 and 40: GROUNDWATER PROTECTIONPROGRAM DESCR
Page 41: Status of Groundwater Monitoring Pr
Page 45 and 46: Since 1975, when the first Class II
Page 47 and 48: supplies from IHW's Class I Undergr
Page 49 and 50: 29 chemical parameters. Subsequent
Page 51 and 52: due to completed action from this a
Page 53 and 54: Status of Groundwater Monitoring Pr
Page 55 and 56: state agencies which have jurisdict
Page 57: systems have 8,131 entry points sup
Page 60: Figure 7. Texas Wa
Page 63 and 64: The RCT also responds to citizen co
Page 65 and 66: aquifers and stream baseflow. At th
Page 67 and 68: Texas Department o
Page 69 and 70: Texas State Soil a
Page 71 and 72: Texas Alliance of
Page 73 and 74: Prior to the plugging of six monito
Page 75 and 76: egan a research study of the fresh
Page 77 and 78: High Plains Underground Water Conse
Page 79 and 80: Hill Country Underground Water Cons
Page 81 and 82: An artesian brine aquifer called th
Page 83 and 84: Plateau Underground Water Conservat
Page 85 and 86: effort will allow the district to c
Page 87 and 88: and methods to better evaluate wher
Page 89: Texas Department o
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Table 1Texas Natur
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TABLE 1GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION CA
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Table 2Railroad Commission<
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Table 3Texas Allia
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APPENDICESAppendix 1. Texas
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Appendix 1. Texas
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Texas State Soil a
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Appendix 2. Texas
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Appendix 3. Groundwater Classificat
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Figure 15. Groundwater Classificati
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Appendix 4. Texas
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Appendix 5. TNRCC Spill Prevention
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working days of the discovery of th
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A-19
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A-21
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A-23
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Appendix 7. Agency and District Con
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Edwards Aquifer AuthorityEmerald Un
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Appendix 8. Agency Central Records
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Appendix 9. Other Reports and Publi
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impact on the quality of the state'
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This report docume
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