Final Report (PDF, 2132K) - Measure DHS

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4. CONTRACEPTIVE KNOWLEDGE AND USE4.1 Contraceptive KnowledgeKnowledge of contraceptive methods and of places where they can be obtained are preconditionsfor their use. A basic objective of the ODHS was to determine the level of knowledge of methods. Dataon knowledge of family planning methods were collected first by asking respondents to name the waysthat a man or woman could keep a woman from getting pregnant. If a respondent did not spontaneouslymention a particular method, the method was described by the interviewer and the respondent was askedif she recognized the method. Descriptions were included in the questionnaire for seven modem methods(pill, IUD, injection, condom, vaginal methods (diaphragm, foam, and jelly), male and femalesterilization, and two traditional methods--periodic abstinence (rhythm) and withdrawal. In addition, anyother methods mentioned by the respondent, e.g., herbs, charms, were recorded. Finally, for any modemmethod that she recognized, the respondent was asked if she knew about a place or a person from whichshe could obtain the method. If she reported knowing about periodic abstinence, she was also asked ifshe knew a place or person from whom she could get information about the method.Survey results indicate that only 48 percent of women in Ondo State know of a contraceptivemethod (Table 4.1). Injection is the most widely recognized method (36 percent), followed closely by thepill (35 percent). Female sterilization, the IUD, and condom are each recognized by about 20 percent ofwomen, while smaller proportions have heard about periodic abstinence (12 percent), withdrawal (I1percent), vaginal methods (8 percent), and male sterilization (5 percent).Knowledge of contraceptive methods is highest among women in their 20s and early 30s andlowest among teenagers and women over the age of 45. It is also slightly higher among married womenthan among all women, with the patterns of knowledge by method and by age being similar for marriedand all women.Contraceptive knowledge varies considerably according to backgmund characteristics of thewoman, as is shown in Table 4.2. A total of 61 percent of married urban women have heard of at leastone modem method, compared to 47 percent of married rural women and only 13 percent of marriedwomen living in riverine areas of the state. Education, too, seems to have an effect on contraceptiveknowledge. Only 34 percent of married women with no education have heard of a modem method,compared to 59 percent of women with primary education and 80 percent of women with secondaryeducation. Differentials by religious affiliation are not so large. Knowledge is somewhat lower amongMuslim women (42 percent) than Protestant women (53 percent), with Catholic women intermediate (47percent). The number of children a woman has does not appear to affect her knowledge ofcontraceptives, except that childless women are slightly less likely to have heard of a modem method ofcontraception than women with one or more children.Women who had heard of specific contraceptive methods were asked what they thought was themain problem, if any, with using the method. Results are given in Table 4.3 by method. For all of themodem methods, half or more of respondents answered "don't know", which implies that many womenmay have heard of methods without knowing much about them. About one-quarter of women citedhealth reasons as the main problem with using the pill, IUD, injectable contraceptives, and male andfemale sterilization. One-quarter to one-third of women reported no problem for the condom, periodicabstinence, and withdrawal, however a greater proportion of women reported ineffectiveness as a problemfor these methods than for other methods. Problems of access/availability, cost, disapproval of partner,and inconvenience were reported by only small proportions of women.27
Table 4.1Percentage Knowing Any Method, Knowing Any Modern Method, and Knowing Specific Methods, Among Alland Currently Married Women by Age, ODHS, 1986Percentage of Women Who Know:A~y Diaphragm, Periodic No.~y Modern InJec- Foam, Female Male ~bstl- With- ofAge Method Method* Pill IUD tion Jelly Condom Steril. Steril. hence drawal Other WomenALL WOMENoo15-19 38.0 36.8 24.6 7.7 21.4 3.2 16.3 13.3 1.8 ii.I 7.9 1.4 110920-24 55.8 54.9 42.3 20.4 43.0 10.7 27.9 27.5 7.1 20.1 20.6 3.2 56325-29 59.8 58.7 45.5 32.3 48.4 13.7 29.6 27.0 8.2 18.8 18.2 5.9 56030-34 56.2 55.5 43.8 28.6 46.7 i0.0 22.4 27.4 6.4 12.8 11.7 5.3 54835-39 53.3 52.5 38.9 27.6 45.0 9.6 17.8 25.9 5.9 10.5 8.8 4.0 47840-44 47.1 46.2 32.0 21.1 37.7 7.9 12.6 23.4 4.2 7.1 6.3 4.0 47845-49 36.9 34.2 22.6 13.2 24.3 2.5 7.1 17.0 2.7 5.9 4.0 5.5 477All Ages 48.3 47.1 34.5 19.8 36.0 7.7 19.1 21.9 4.8 12.4 10.9 3.8 4213CURRENTLY MARRIED WOMEN15-19 40.9 38.3 24.3 11.3 26.1 5.2 11.3 20.9 4.3 10.4 6.1 3.5 11520-24 53.1 51.8 37.1 19.9 42.6 8.3 21.8 25.8 5.5 13.5 16.0 3.4 32625-29 58.7 57.7 43.9 32.1 48.0 12.8 27.6 26.4 7.5 16.9 16.3 6.1 50830-34 57.2 56.5 44.6 29.2 47.6 10.2 22.9 27.9 6.5 13.0 11.9 5.4 53835-39 53.7 53.0 39.2 27.6 45.3 9.9 17.5 25.9 5.8 9.7 8.4 3.7 46440-44 47.1 46.5 32.5 21.5 37.9 8.1 13.2 23.9 3.9 7.5 6.6 3.9 45645-49 37.2 34.6 23.3 13.2 24.9 2.6 6.4 16.9 2.6 4.7 3.5 4.9 425All Ages 51.1 50.0 36.8 24.0 40.9 8.7 18.2 24.5 5.4 11.0 10.2 4.6 2832* Modern methods include pill, IUD, injection, diaphragm, foam, Jelly, condom, and male and femalesterilization.
Page 1 and 2: ONDO STATE, NIGERIADEMOGRAPHICANDHE
Page 3 and 4: This report presents the findings o
Page 5 and 6: Page4.34.44.54.64.74.8Current Use o
Page 7 and 8: PageTable 3.3Table 3.4Table 3.5Tabl
Page 9 and 10: PageTable 5.1Table 5.2Table 5.3Tabl
Page 11 and 12: PageAPPENDIX A ....................
Page 14: PREFACEThe Ondo State Demographic a
Page 17: percent of women using each) and th
Page 20 and 21: 1. BACKGROUND1.1 Geography and Hist
Page 22 and 23: Although the reporting of family pl
Page 24 and 25: Table 1.2Number of Selected Primary
Page 26 and 27: Religion and EthnicityThe majority
Page 28: Sources of WaterInformation was als
Page 31 and 32: consistent with the comparable stat
Page 33 and 34: esults must be interpreted with cau
Page 35 and 36: Following the birth of a child, the
Page 38 and 39: 3. FERTILITY3.1 Fertility Data in t
Page 40 and 41: educational attainment, differences
Page 42 and 43: distributions. The proportion with
Page 44: Table 3.5 Percent Distribution of A
Page 49 and 50: Women who had heard of methods were
Page 51 and 52: Table 4.6Percent Distribution of Al
Page 53 and 54: Table 4.7Percent Distribution of Cu
Page 55 and 56: 4.4 Trends in Family Planning Knowl
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4.4Source of Family Planning
Page 59 and 60: 4.7 Intention to Use Contraception
Page 61 and 62: Table 4.16 presents data on wives'
Page 63 and 64: Table 4.18Percentage of Currently M
Page 65 and 66: Figure 5.1Fertility PreferencesCurr
Page 67 and 68: In order to examine fertility prefe
Page 69 and 70: Table 5.4 also indicates that less
Page 72 and 73: 6. MORTALITY AND HEALTH6.1 Mortalit
Page 74 and 75: Table 6.1 Infant and Child Mortalit
Page 76 and 77: Table 6.3Mean Number of Children Ev
Page 78 and 79: Table 6.5 • Percent Distribution
Page 80 and 81: For the investigation of differenti
Page 82 and 83: In considering the morbidity inform
Page 84 and 85: Cough/Difficult BreathingThe ODHS c
Page 86 and 87: Nutritional StatusNutritional statu
Page 88 and 89: Weight-for-HeightWeight-for-height
Page 90 and 91: Weight-for-AgeTable 6.13 shows the
Page 92: REFERENCESCttieh-Johnson, D., Cross
Page 96 and 97:
APPENDIX ASURVEY DESIGNA.1 Sample D
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However, as shown in Table A.2, the
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A total of 32 field staff participa
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Table A.3Household Response Rate an
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APPENDIX BSAMPLING ERRORSThe result
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Table B.I List of Variables for Whi
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Table B.2 Sampling Errors (con't):
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MINISTRY OF HEALTH, ONDO STATE, NIG
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CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGENAME OF
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MINISTRY OF HEALTH, C, OVERNMENT OF
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!P............IM,RSKIPattended: pri
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i SECTION 2: REPRODUCTION. ISKIP201
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TABLE 2.1rRECORD INFORMATION STARTI
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SKIP230 CHECK: COMPARE NUMBER OF BI
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I ISECTION 3:HEALTH AND BREASTFEEDI
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316317CHECK ~2:LAST BIRTH ALIVE [ ]
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SKIP334 What was done?CIRCLECODE 1
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!TABLE 3.1(ASK QUESTIONS STARTING W
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LTABLE 3.3(ASK @UESTIONS ONLY FOR S
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TABLE 3.5CF. TABLE 2.1:ENTER NAME A
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TABLE 4: IPILL "Women can take •
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SKIP413CHECK 404:NO STERILIZATION [
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SECTIOM 5: MARRIAGE. lSKIP501 /Have
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SKIP520 kow we need some detmils ab
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SKIP606 For how long should • cou
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SKIP7e9CHECK 7@8:DOES/DID NOT WORKI
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS.(To be t
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