Environmental Impact Assessment Study for <strong>400</strong> <strong>kV</strong> OHL SS Stip – Macedonian-Serbian Borderthe level of the groundwater correspond to the River Pchinja. Only small part of waterfor maintenance of this aquifer comes from atmosphere falls, other part of water comesfrom occasional side inflows that enter into River Pchinja, and one part comes fromside contact with less porous rocks (sediments). The power of these sediments isestimated at more than 3 metres.• al (alluvial) sediments of River Luka, with identical characteristics as the onesdescribed above. The power of these sediments is also estimated at more than 3metres.• j (lake) sediments – typical for these sediments is the lack of confined type of aquifer inspite of the developed intergranular porosity, i.e. they are drained, due to their positionand the small area that they cover (the highest spots on isolated hills).•3 E 3 (Upper Eocene limestone layers) where there is a well developed karst type ofaquifer with cracks. The maintenance of this type of aquifer comes from atmosphericfalls and part from vertical infiltration of groundwater from developed al aquifer alongthe Stream Luka. It is realistic to expect lateral overflow of groundwater when makingcontact with layers of sandstones (that exist within the 3 E 3 flysch formation) Drainage ofthis aquifer, through surface manifestations has not been discovered, yet, but anexploitation well has been registered, which for the irrigation needs of vinyards (atapproximately 3.500 m to south-east) has been exploited in quantities of 10 l/s.• M (Paleosoic marbles), as separate formations from Kachanik –Veles series, where akarst-fractured type of aquifer have been developed.. The maintenance of these rockmasses, in addition to atmospheric rains, to a great extent depends on the regionalfault structures, which in blocks divided the present rocks. The developed regionaltectonic structure, which is part of the Vardar tectonic zone, definitely plays a role in thedrainage of this aquifer. Drainage of this aquifer has also been registered through akarst spring (contact-overflow type) in the area near Village Nikuljane. Also, exploitationwell has been registered in Village Nikuljane, which is used for watersupplying of thevillage. Also, a catchment of groundwater with pipe is led to a reservoir near MladoNagorichane (Jarebicharska Maala). The oscillation of level of groundwater in thisaquifer is significant, which was registered through the condition of the spring (08October 8 th , 2009) with insignificant diffusive flow (Q < 0.2 l/s), under the concretecatchment.2. Medium Porous Rocks (sediments)Within this group, there are:• pr – Proluvial sediments, where there is a locally developed confinedconfined type ofaquifer in limited area. The maintenance of this aquifer comes from atmosphere falls,part from surface flows and part from side contacts with less porous rocks (sediments).The drainage of this aquifer goes through springs of temporary character of up to (0.5l/s).• Pl 3 ? - gravel and sandstone layers within the Upper Pliocene sediments, where there isa confined type of aquifer. Depending on the nature and conditions of expansion, thewater in this type of sediments exists freely, but also on levels under pressure (artesianand subartesian level). The maintenance of these layers to a lesser extent comes fromatmospheric falls, while to a greater extent from overflows of groundwater of karstfracturedaquifer, developed in the marble masses (through side and bottom contact).The drainage of this aquifer is made by natural overflow of the groundwater in theneighbouring lateral lower terrace sediments and through a large number of individualwells and catchments.57
Environmental Impact Assessment Study for <strong>400</strong> <strong>kV</strong> OHL SS Stip – Macedonian-Serbian Border• ααη, αηα, θ, θα, ω∋ – Volcanic rocks and inter-layers sediments.. They characterisewith developed fracture porosity shallow under the surface, and quantity of (Qi = 0.05 –0.5 l/s). Most of them flow temporarily. The maintenance of theese layers comes fromatmosphere falls.• τβ – Kyanite and trachybasalt . They have the same characteristics as the previouslydescribed rock masses.• Sca - Metamorphic sandstones. They have the same characteristics as the previouslydescribed rock masses. These rock masses supply and drain the water through lateralcontact with porous marble masses.3. Predominantly Porous Rocks (sediments)This group of rock masses (sediments) has the following characteristics:• Low level of porosity and water production (T < 15m 2 /day).• The presence of springs with low level of production (Qi < 0,5 l/s) in non coherent rockmasses. Most of them are of temporary nature.• The presence of shallow dug wells for the cattle and irrigation, which are generallyexploited by occasional manual drawing water from the well.• Developed cracks and porosity, shallow under the surface and local limited spreading.Within this group, there are:• D, b – deluvial and organogenic marsh sediments.•4 E 3 [ 3 E 3 ] – Upper Eocene flysch sediments• F; Sse – fylite and sericite shales within the Paleozoic complex.Registered Hydrogeological Appearances and Objects Along the RouteAlong the route of the transmission line, the following hydrogeological appearances andobjects have been registered:• Temporary marsh areas, next to RP1 and after RP2• Subterranean channel (pipeline) for irrigation, between Rp3 and RP4• Subterranean channel (pipeline), after RP4• Non-captured temporary spring in the streamstream “Solen Dol”, between RP6 andRP7• Temporary marsh aras near Rivers Mechkuevska and Ranchenska, before RP7• Non-captured temporary spring at River Ranchevska, before RP7• Captured dry spring, located on the right side of the road Village Nemanjica – VillageRanchenci, between RP7 and RP8.• Group of dug wells (depth = 3.5 – 5.0 metres), next to and in the Village D. Gjugjance,between RP9 and RP10.• Non-captured spring (Q < 0.1 l/s) in the form of diffuse flow right next to the group ofactive holes, on the west side of the hill "Red Forest", between RP9 and RP10• Temporary marshes near “Boshkov i Drenov Dol", between RP9 and RP10• Drilled well (for irrigation) (Q – unknown), near the stream “Pavlev Doll”, before RP1158