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The Human Semant c Web Takeuchi, H., & Nonaka, I. (2004). Hitotsubashi on knowledge management. Wiley & Sons. Topicmaps. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.topicmaps.net and http://www.topicmaps.org UDBL (Uppsala Data Base Laboratory). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.dis. uu.se/~udbl ULL (Uppsala Learning Lab). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ull.uu.se UML (Unified Modeling Language). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.uml.org UN/CEFACT. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.unece.org/cefact VWE (Virtual Workspace Environment). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.vwe. nu WGLN (Wallenberg Global Learning Network). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www. wgln.org Wilson, S. (2001, September). The next wave: CETIS interviews Mikael Nilsson about the Edutella project. Centre for Educational Technology Interoperability Standards (CETIS). Retrieved from http://kmr.nada.kth.se/papers/Semantic- Web/TheNextWave.pdf Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Endnotes 1 Throughout this chapter, the term we (when not used to involve the reader in the discussion) will refer to the Knowledge Management Research (KMR) Group at KTH, which I am leading. 2 As opposed to muscular knowledge, which could be defined as efficient reflexes. The word fantasy is used instead of the more or less synonymous word conceptualization in order to emphasize that the conceptual structures are constructed from within. 3 The technical basis for this is the description languages RDF(S) (n.d.) and OWL (n.d.). 4 For example, through the Edutella infrastructure (Nejdl et al., 2002; Edutella, n.d.). 5 Such as AMOS/PSELO developed by Uppsala Data Base Laboratory (UDBL, n.d.). 6 An important step toward semantic collaboration is abstract modeling, which allows both sides of an ontological bridge to be treated as instantiations of the Copyright © 2007, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
Naeve same abstract model. See Powell, Nilsson, Naeve, and Johnston (2004) for an application to the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (n.d.). 7 For a more detailed description of these matters, the reader is referred to Naeve, Nilsson, Palmér, and Paulsson (2005). 8 In KM terminology, we use the term knowledge object when we assume the perspective of the teacher(s), the term information object (or learning object) when we assume the perspective of the learner(s), and the term resource object when want to remain neutral in this respect. 9 This supports the separation of content from context, which promotes the reuse of content across different contexts. 10 Further discussed in Nilsson, Palmér, and Naeve (2002). 11 Based on the UML (Unified Modeling Language, n.d.). 12 The power of thinking lies in knowing what not to think about. 13 That is, the conditions of its definition. 14 In this case, the property that something is to be regarded as an instance of something else, which is to be regarded as its type. 15 Described in the section “Conceptual Calibration.” 16 Technically speaking, ULM can be regarded as a profile of UML, which defines some special notation that is useful in order to draw how we talk about things. 17 In UML, this relation is called gen/spec (generalization/specialization), which gives no clue as to how to read out the relations in a coherent way. Both is a and kind of are used for reading the gen/spec arrow along its direction. 18 Conzilla is being developed as an open source project at Sourceforge and can be downloaded from http://www.conzilla.org. 19 In accordance with the e-Europe initiative (e-Europe, n.d.), we also are aiming for Conzilla to support increased e-accessibility by enabling it to configure itself to different cognitive profiles. 20 This picture is taken from Palmér and Naeve (2005) where Conzilla2 is described in detail. 21 Note that there are several occurrences of or in this transcription. However, this information is not explicit in the figure; it is represented separately. 22 Mainly students in the media technology program. 23 This is achieved by encouraging reuse, annotation, and refinement of con- cepts. 24 Electronic Commerce Integration Meta-Framework. 25 Small- and medium-sized enterprises. Copyright © 2007, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited.
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Chapter.VIII Querying.the.Web.Recon
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the semantics in the Semantic Web.
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the conventional Web, and the emerg
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OntoELAN implements the following a
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ib {{ book {{ title { “Data on th
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Versatility Query ng the Web Recons
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Figure 12. Target instance 8351-9
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Web Serv ce Messages 0 Brujin, J.,
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About.the.Authors About the Authors
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About the Authors 0 Veli. Bicer. is
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About the Authors 0 in refereed jou
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About the Authors 0 partment (1992)
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About the Authors Anton.Naumenko.is
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About the Authors Centre and head o
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consumer-centric business model 30
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semantic e-business 214 semantic in
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