Semantic Web-Based Information Systems: State-of-the-Art ...

the semantics in the Semantic Web. Considering the role of semantics in a number
of research areas of computer science and beyond, this chapter explores the broad
role of semantics and different types of semantics in various capabilities that would
define and build the Semantic Web. The central message of this chapter is that
building the Semantic Web purely on description logics (and to limit knowledge
representation on ontology representation language to description logics) would
artificially limit its potential. It argues that we will need to exploit well known
techniques that support implicit semantics, as done in information retrieval and text
analytics, and develop more powerful representation that can model probabilistic
and fuzzy information needed to capture incomplete, inconsistent and uncertain
nature of information and knowledge.
The second chapter “The Human Semantic Web: Shifting from Knowledge Push
to Knowledge Pull,” by Naeve, provides an interesting counterpoint to the usual
emphasis on machine-understandable (usually formal) semantics in the Semantic
Web. It discusses a conceptual interface, providing human-understandable semantics.
Correspondingly, the human Semantic Web is described as a “space for
interaction,” with three levels of semantic interoperability: isolation, coexistence,
and collaboration.
Section.II:.Frameworks.and.Methodologies
This section of the book deals with architectural frameworks and methodological
issues in building the Semantic Web.
Chapter III titled “General Adaptation Framework: Enabling Interoperability for
Industrial Web Resources” by Kaykova et al. focuses on interoperability of smart
industrial resources. The objective of this work is to develop an architecture, where
distributed human experts and learning Web-services are utilized by various devices
for self-monitoring and self-diagnostics. One aspect of the technical approach is the
resource state/condition description framework (RSCDF), which with contextual
and temporal extensions to RDF, is argued to facilitate adoption of the Semantic
Web technology industrial adoption.
The fourth chapter titled “A Survey on Ontology Creation Methodologies” by Cristani
and Cuel is a survey presenting the state of the art of a rapidly evolving field.
The key value-add of this survey is in the form of offering a systematic analysis
of current approaches in developing domain ontologies that can be used to understand
the inspiring motivation, the applicability context, and the structure of the
approaches. The chapter also presents a classification identifying bottom-up and
top-down methodologies that are claimed to be useful both from theoretical and
deployment practice perspectives.
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