April - June 2010 - Bureau of Police Research and Development
April - June 2010 - Bureau of Police Research and Development
April - June 2010 - Bureau of Police Research and Development
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Key WordsCell Tower,Radiation, Antenna,Fundamental Rights,Micro-frequency,H<strong>and</strong>set,Dumbness,Epilepsy,Palpitations,Bye-laws.*Kanika Gaur, Advocate,Distt. Court, ShimlaCell Tower Radiation HazardNeed for Legislative InterventionWhat are Radiations 1 ?Cell Towers, Base Stations, Antennas, Masts <strong>and</strong>Hubs are erected generally near residential areasin India which emit Electromagnetic Radiations. TheElectromagnetic Radiations (EMR) are theradiations with Electric <strong>and</strong> Magnetic properties.These do not require any material medium forpropagation 2 . Cell towers emit EMR <strong>of</strong> Radio <strong>and</strong>Micro frequency. These radiations are placed in thelowest ranks in Electromagnetic spectrum, as theyhave low frequency range (major reason for it beingconsidered harmful) but high levels <strong>of</strong> theseradiations can heat biological tissues <strong>and</strong> canpotentially cause tissue damage. These can alsointerfere with the electrolytes <strong>and</strong> ions, thus,weakening the bodies self repair <strong>and</strong> healingprocesses. As a general rule "Every kind <strong>of</strong>frequency combination which is not in orderproduce diseases 3 ".How do Cell Towers Communicate withH<strong>and</strong>sets 4 ?The cell phone technology works on the principle <strong>of</strong>two-way radiation technology. Both the h<strong>and</strong>set aswell as the Cell Towers emit RF radiation. There areprimarily two types <strong>of</strong> Cellular Microwave Antenna :one, is stick/pencil antenna <strong>and</strong> the other a largerantenna or hub antenna.The stick or pencil antennas cover a limited range,whereas, a hub or base station antennas receive<strong>and</strong> send frequency waves to <strong>and</strong> fro from all thestick/ pencil antennas in a given geographical area,i.e., in a given geographical area one hub/baseKanika Gaur*station communicate with several stick pencilantennas. The radio frequency signal emitted by acell phone is picked up by the nearest stick/pencilantenna, which in turn transmits that signal to thenearest hub or another stick antenna <strong>and</strong> from thathub to another stick antenna closest to the receivingcellular mobile phone h<strong>and</strong>set.The Mechanism:Is it a Certified Danger 5 ?1 A textbook <strong>of</strong> Physics (NCERT) Class XI2 ARPANSA3 Wikipedia4 www.karamjyot.pil.doc 5 www.oem.bmj.comIn a cross-sectional study <strong>of</strong> r<strong>and</strong>omly selectedinhabitants living in urban <strong>and</strong> rural areas for morethan one year near to 10 selected base stations,365 subjects were investigated. Several cognitivetests were performed, <strong>and</strong> well-being <strong>and</strong> sleepquality were assessed. Total HF-EMF <strong>and</strong> exposurerelated to mobile telecommunication were far belowrecommended levels (max 4.1 mW/m2). Distancefrom antenna was 24-600 m in rural area (0.05mW/m2) than in urban area (0.02 mW/m2). Despitethe influence <strong>of</strong> confounding variables, includingfear <strong>of</strong> adverse effects from exposure to HF-EMFfrom base station, there was a significant relation <strong>of</strong>36 ➢ The Indian <strong>Police</strong> Journal Vol. LVII-No. 2, <strong>April</strong>-<strong>June</strong>, <strong>2010</strong>
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