Domestic Violence against Women <strong>and</strong> Role <strong>of</strong> Counselling: Some Reflectionswomenwatch/daw/beijing/platform/declar.htmDated: January 21, 2009.10 C.R. Rogers.1952. "Client CenteredPsychotherapy', Scientific American, 187. p.70.11 J.W. Gustad. 1953. "The definition <strong>of</strong>Counselling". In R.F. Berdie (Ed.) Roles <strong>and</strong>Relationships in counselling. Minnesota,studies in students personal work, No. 13,Minneapolis, University <strong>of</strong> Minnesota Press.12 H B. Pepinsky <strong>and</strong> P. Pepinsky.1954.“Counselling : Theory <strong>and</strong> Practice”, NewYork. Ronald Press. p 3.13 S. Narayana Rao. 1987. “CounsellingPsychology”. New Delhi. Tata McGraw. HillPublishing Company. p.118-119.14 Liana Epstein. 2003. “Violence CounsellingTraining Manual”. Online Available:http://www.peaccornes.org/manuals/domestic%20violence%20traning%20manual.pfd .Dated. January 21,2009.15 Lawrence M.Brammer.1993. “The HelpingRelationship: Process <strong>and</strong> Skill”.Massachusetts. Allyn <strong>and</strong> Bacon.p10.16 Indra Maya Ganesh.2006. The Special Cellfor Women <strong>and</strong> Children. DocumentingEffective Intervention <strong>and</strong> Strategic Alliancebetween Maharashtra <strong>Police</strong> <strong>and</strong> Tata Institute<strong>of</strong> Social Sciences. Online Available :http://www.unafei.or.jp/english/pdf/Pdf-rms/4069/05-p77-84.pdf. Dated. January 21 ,2009.17 Patrick J.M. Nelson. 2008. An EasyIntroduction to Egan's Skilled Helper SolutionFocused Counseling Approach. Part one.Online available http://www/fettco.uk/an%20introduction%20the%20modelpdf.Dated. January 21,2009.18 Lawrence M. Brammer.1993.Op.Cit.p11.50 ➢ The Indian <strong>Police</strong> Journal Vol. LVII-No. 2, <strong>April</strong>-<strong>June</strong>, <strong>2010</strong>
IntroductionA Study <strong>of</strong> Burnout <strong>and</strong> MaritalAdjustment <strong>of</strong> <strong>Police</strong> PersonnelThe modern world, which is said to be a world <strong>of</strong>achievement, is also a world <strong>of</strong> stress. One findsstress everywhere whether it is within the family,business organization or any other social oreconomic activity. In recent years, increasingattention has been paid to the phenomenon <strong>of</strong> burnoutin human service pr<strong>of</strong>essions. Burnout appears tobe a response to interpersonal stressors on the jobin which an overload <strong>of</strong> contact with people result inchanges in attitudes, behaviour <strong>and</strong> family life. Both,the society as a whole <strong>and</strong> the individual as a citizen,set very high st<strong>and</strong>ards for the job <strong>of</strong> the police <strong>of</strong>ficer<strong>and</strong> expect that by combating criminal <strong>of</strong>fence, apolice <strong>of</strong>ficer would be able to ensure security forcitizens on the best customer service level, ensuringtheir legal rights <strong>and</strong> at the same time ensuringserved social life sphere. The nature <strong>of</strong> police jobcauses high risk <strong>of</strong> burnout viz. high expectations bythe individual himself, which are unrealistic in nature<strong>and</strong> the non-fulfillment <strong>of</strong> these expectations,diminishes work motivation until its totaldisappearance. Hence, police <strong>of</strong>ficers lose interesttowards work, communication <strong>and</strong> successfulcoping with the job stress <strong>and</strong> experiences burntout(Liivia Anion 2006).BurnoutBurnout can be defined as "a syndrome <strong>of</strong> reducedpersonal accomplishment, increased emotionalexhaustion, <strong>and</strong> increased depersonalizationexperienced by individuals that work closely withpeople". The most well–studied measurement <strong>of</strong>burnout in the management literature is the MaslachBurnout Inventory. Maslach <strong>and</strong> Jackson (1986) whoidentified the construct "burnout" in the 1970s, <strong>and</strong>developed a measure that weighs the effect <strong>of</strong>Rekha Rani* <strong>and</strong> Dr. Pooja Garg**emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, <strong>and</strong>reduced sense <strong>of</strong> personal accomplishment.Burnout is the gradual process by which a person,in response to prolonged stress <strong>and</strong> physical, mental<strong>and</strong> emotional strain, detaches from work <strong>and</strong> othermeaningful relationship. The result is loweredproductivity, cynicism, confusion <strong>and</strong> a feeling <strong>of</strong>being drained for having nothing more to give.Maslach <strong>and</strong> Jackson (l990) refined the meaning<strong>and</strong> measurement <strong>of</strong> burnout construct in the 1980swhich included three dimensions <strong>of</strong> burnout as:Emotional Exhaustion (EE): Emotional exhaustionis characterized by a lack <strong>of</strong> energy <strong>and</strong> a feelingthat one's emotional resources are used up. Thismay coexist with feelings <strong>of</strong> frustration <strong>and</strong>tension.Depersonalization (DP): Depersonalization ordehumanization component typically occurs afteremotional exhaustion which represents theinterpersonal context dimension <strong>of</strong> burnout <strong>and</strong>refers to a negative, callous, or excessivelydetached response to various aspects <strong>of</strong> the job(Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter 2001).Diminished Personal Accomplishment (PA) Thiscomponent can be defined as the diminishedpersonal accomplishment or reduced efficacywhich represents the self-evaluation dimension<strong>of</strong> burnout <strong>and</strong> refers to feelings <strong>of</strong> incompetence<strong>and</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> achievement <strong>and</strong> productivity atwork.Marital AdjustmentThe concept <strong>of</strong> marital adjustment differs from personto person, culture <strong>and</strong> community. Marital adjustmentKey WordsBurnout,Marital Adjustment,Gender <strong>and</strong> Rank.*<strong>Research</strong> Scholar,Department <strong>of</strong> Humanities <strong>and</strong>Social Sciences,Indian Institute <strong>of</strong> TechnologyRoorkee, India**Assistant Pr<strong>of</strong>essorDepartment <strong>of</strong> Humanities<strong>and</strong> Social Sciences,Indian Institute <strong>of</strong> TechnologyRoorkee, Roorkee, IndiaThe Indian <strong>Police</strong> Journal Vol. LVII-No. 2, <strong>April</strong>-<strong>June</strong>, <strong>2010</strong> 51➢