and Master Programmes in German Higher Education Institutions

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grammes, but the percentage in Master programmes is significantly higher (68% of Masterstudents are foreigners). In FHs, the percentage of foreigners in Master programmes (43%)is also significantly higher than in other programes, but there is a markable difference inBachelor programmes too (15% versus 8%). In the Gesamthochschule sector, the percentageof foreigners in Bachelor programmes does not differ from other types of degree programmes,but a very high percentage of Master students are foreigners (81%) 22 .Table 12: Number and percentage of foreigners enrolled in Bachelor, Master and other degreeprogrammes, WS 2000/01Bachelor Master Other degree programmesUniversities 826 (13%) 2.238 (68%) 114.082 (11%)Fachhochschulen 467 (15%) 1.157 (43%) 35.448 (8%)Gesamthochschulen 258 (10%) 437 (81%) 13.741 (10%)Source: Calculated from the “Sonderauswertung” of the Statistisches Bundesamtes, data by degree types and exlcudingPhD students, WS 2000/01.3.2.4 Graduates of bachelor and master programmes.Table 13: Number and percentage of graduates with bachelor, master or other degrees, WS2000/2001Bachelor Master Other TotalGerman 119 (0.1%) 211 (0.1%) 177 498 (99.8%) 177 828 (100.0%)Foreign 7 (0.1%) 159 (1.5%) 10 699 (98.5%) 10 865 (100.0%)Total 126 (0.1%) 370 (0.2%) 188 197 (99.7%) 188 693 (100.0%)Source: SB “Sonderauswertung”, data for WS 2000/01.Graduates of the new degree programmes. Table 13 shows that in WS 2000/01, the overallpercentage of graduates who received a bachelor or master degree counted for 0.3% of thetotal number of graduates in Germany. As was indicated before, most of the "new type" ofgraduates, especially those from abroad, hold a master's degree. Considering the increaingfirst year enrolment figures presented above, we can expect the number of bachelor-mastergraduates to increase over the coming years. It will, however, still take some years beforethe percentage of 5% can be reached.22 There are, however, relatively few Bachelor and Master students enrolled in Gesamthochschulen in absolutenumbers.26
4 The implementation processThis section will examine the implementation process. The question of who has beenpushing for the introduction of B/M degrees will be addressed, and the role of institutionalmanagement will be examined. In addition, the issue of how the degrees are being introduced(parallel with the old degree structure, or replacing the old degrees) will be examined.Internal and external factors influencing the introduction of these degrees will also be discussed.4.1 Actors and decision makingThis section provides a snapshot of the current situation from the institutional perspective:what does the implementation process look like within institutions, who are the main actors,what role does institutional management play, and to what degrees are institutions able toagree on institution-wide policies?4.1.1 Overall progressOur survey asked respondents to indicate their institutions’ overall position (allgemeinerEntwicklungsstand) with regard to the implementation of Bachelor and Master degrees. Ascan be seen in the table below, there are large differences between sectors with regard to theextent to which plans have been made for the introduction of Bachelor and Master degrees.The art and music institutions are an exception in that they are either in principal against orare undecided about introducing these degrees. In the overwhelming majority of institutions(63% of TUs and FHs, 68% in the university sector), B/M have been introduced in someareas, while other will follow. Only a small group of institutions (5-6% across sectors) hasalready completed the implementation process and wants to confine the new degrees tosome subject areas only. A higher percentage of universities than FHs or TUs are so far undecidedabout the introduction of these degrees. On the other hand, 20% of FHs, 8% of universitiesand 19% of TUs have set up a framework for the introduction in all areas, or havealready introduced these degrees in all areas. The two respondents from private institutionsresponded that they have both introduced Bachelor and Master degrees in all areas.Table 14: Current position of higher education institutions with regard to the introduction ofBachelor and Master degrees, by sector.In principal against the introduction of B/M degrees -- 1(2%)Not yet decided 6(11%)B/M degrees have already been introduced in some subjectareas/faculties, and others will followFH Uni TU MKHS35(63%)11(20%)38(68%)-- 5 231(6%)10(63%)(42%)7(58%)--23 Three of these answers were assigned by the author, on the basis of letters received from institutions explainingwhy they are not yet considering introducing Bachelor and Master degrees.27
Page 1: SURVEYThe Introduction of Bachelor-
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when the institutions had to make t
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11 ReferencesAkkreditierungsrat (20
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Wissenschaftsrat (2000): Empfehlung
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12.2 QuestionnaireFragebogen zur Ei
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28. Welche der folgenden Tendenzen
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Master:Vorrangig berufsorientiertVo
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36. Bitte beantworten Sie Frage 35
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41. Gibt es für die Einführung vo
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Fachhochschule Lippe F 27Fachhochsc
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Bauhaus-Universität Weimar U 87Bay
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