138(i) does not prevent a person from making a dem<strong>and</strong>, applying for leave, orbringing or intervening in proceedings with leave under this section; <strong>and</strong>(ii) does not prejudice the outcome <strong>of</strong> any application for leave, orproceedings brought or intervened in with leave under this section; or(b) the court may take that ratification or approval into account in making anyjudgement or order.(15) Proceedings brought or intervened in with leave under this section must not bediscontinued, compromised or settled without the leave <strong>of</strong> the court.(16) For greater certainty, the right <strong>of</strong> a person in terms <strong>of</strong> this section to serve adem<strong>and</strong> on a company, or apply to a court for leave, may be exercised by that persondirectly, or by the Commission or Panel, or another person on behalf <strong>of</strong> that first person,in the manner permitted by section 157.510Part CVoluntary resolution <strong>of</strong> disputesAlternative dispute resolution15166. (1) As an alternative to applying for relief to a court, or filing a complaint withthe Commission in terms <strong>of</strong> Part D, a person who would be entitled to apply for relief,or file a complaint in terms <strong>of</strong> this Act, may refer a matter that could be the subject <strong>of</strong>such an application or complaint to—(a)(b)the Companies Ombud; oran accredited entity, as defined in subsection (3), for resolution by mediation,conciliation or arbitration.(2) If the Companies Ombud, or an accredited entity, to whom a matter is referred foralternative dispute resolution concludes that either party to the conciliation, mediationor arbitration is not participating in that process in good faith, or that there is noreasonable probability <strong>of</strong> the parties resolving their dispute through that process, theCompanies Ombud or accredited entity must issue a certificate in the prescribed formstating that the process has failed.(3) In this section, ‘‘accredited entity’’ means—(a)(b)a juristic person or an association <strong>of</strong> persons accredited by the Commission interms <strong>of</strong> subsection (4); oran organ <strong>of</strong> state, or entity established by or in terms <strong>of</strong> a public regulationthat—(i) is m<strong>and</strong>ated, among other things, to perform mediation, conciliation orarbitration; <strong>and</strong>(ii) has been designated by the Minister in terms <strong>of</strong> subsection (5) as anaccredited entity for the purposes <strong>of</strong> this Part.(4) For the purposes <strong>of</strong> this Part, the Commission—(a) may accredit, with or without conditions, a juristic person or an associationthat—(i) functions predominantly to provide conciliation, mediation or arbitrationservices;(ii) has the demonstrated capacity to perform such services within thecontext <strong>of</strong> company law; <strong>and</strong>(iii) satisfies the prescribed requirements for accreditation;(b) must monitor the effectiveness <strong>of</strong> any accredited person or an associationrelative to the purposes <strong>and</strong> policies <strong>of</strong> this Act; <strong>and</strong>(c) may—(i) reasonably require any person or association accredited by it to provideinformation necessary for the purpose <strong>of</strong> monitoring in terms <strong>of</strong>paragraph (b); <strong>and</strong>(ii)with reasonable notice, withdraw any accreditation granted by it in terms<strong>of</strong> this section if the person or association no longer satisfies the criteriaset out in paragraph (a).(5) The Minister, after consulting the Commission—(a) may designate any organ <strong>of</strong> state or other entity contemplated in subsection(3)(b) as an accredited entity for the purposes <strong>of</strong> this Part; <strong>and</strong>2025303540455055
139(b)must prescribe criteria for the Commission to follow in assessing whether anapplicant for accreditation in terms <strong>of</strong> subsection (4) meets the requirements<strong>of</strong> this section.Dispute resolution may result in consent order167. (1) If the Companies Ombud, or an entity accredited in terms <strong>of</strong> section 166, hasresolved, or assisted parties in resolving, a dispute in terms <strong>of</strong> this Part the Ombud oraccredited entity may—(a) record the resolution <strong>of</strong> that dispute in the form <strong>of</strong> an order; <strong>and</strong>(b) if the parties to the dispute consent to that order, submit it to a court to beconfirmed as a consent order, in terms <strong>of</strong> its rules.(2) After hearing an application for a consent order, the court may—(a) make the order as agreed <strong>and</strong> proposed in the application;(b) indicate any changes that must be made to the draft order before it will bemade an order <strong>of</strong> the court; or(c) refuse to make the order.(3) A consent order confirmed in terms <strong>of</strong> subsection (2)—(a)(b)may include an award <strong>of</strong> damages; <strong>and</strong>does not preclude a person applying for an award <strong>of</strong> civil damages, unless theconsent order includes an award <strong>of</strong> damages to that person.(4) A court hearing any proceedings concerning a dispute arising out <strong>of</strong> a consentorder may order the proceedings closed to the public if it is the interest <strong>of</strong> theconfidentiality <strong>of</strong> the parties to the consent order to do so.5101520Part DComplaints to Commission or PanelInitiating a complaint168. (1) Any person may file a complaint in writing—(a) with the Panel in respect <strong>of</strong> a matter contemplated in Part B or C <strong>of</strong> Chapter5, or in the Takeover Regulations; or(b) with the Commission in respect <strong>of</strong> any provision <strong>of</strong> this Act not referred to inparagraph (a), alleging that a person has acted in a manner inconsistent withthis Act, or that the complainant’s rights under this Act, or under a company’sMemor<strong>and</strong>um <strong>of</strong> Incorporation or rules, have been infringed.(2) A complaint may be initiated directly by the Commission, or the Panel, as the casemay be, on its own motion or on the request <strong>of</strong> another regulatory authority.(3) The Minister may direct the Commission, as contemplated in section 190(2)(b),orthe Panel to investigate—(a) an alleged contravention <strong>of</strong> this Act; or(b) other specified circumstances.253035Investigation by Commission or Panel169. (1) Upon initiating or receiving a complaint, or receiving a direction from the 40Minister, in terms <strong>of</strong> this Act, the Commission or Panel, as the case may be, may—(a) except in the case <strong>of</strong> a direction from the Minister, issue a notice to thecomplainant in the prescribed form indicating that it will not investigate thecomplaint, if the complaint appears to be frivolous or vexatious, or does notallege any facts that, if proven, would constitute grounds for remedy under 45this Act;(b) if they think it expedient as a means <strong>of</strong> resolving the matter, refer thecomplainant to the Companies Ombud, or to an accredited entity, as defined insection 166(3), with a recommendation that the complainant seek to resolvethe matter with the assistance <strong>of</strong> that agency; or50(c) direct an inspector or investigator to investigate the complaint as quickly aspracticable, in any other case.
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REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICACOMPANIES B
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3CHAPTER 2FORMATION, ADMINISTRATION
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5Part BCompany secretary86. Mandato
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Part DDevelopment and approval of b
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Part EAdministrative provisions app
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11SCHEDULE 6LEGISLATION TO BE ENFOR
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‘‘convertible securities’’
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(a)(b)that sets out rights, duties
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17(a) at a shareholders meeting, wi
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19Solvency and liquidity test4. (1)
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(7) An unaltered electronically or
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23(c) a personal liability company
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25(b) if the company’s Memorandum
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27(ii) endorse the Notice of Incorp
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29(a) must be effected by a resolut
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31(a) any provision of a company’
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33comparable to the legislative or
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35Access to company records26. (1)
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37(4) Subject to subsection (5), th
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39(g)with respect to any loan or ot
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41Authorisation for shares36. (1) A
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(b)(c)(d)the company must return to
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45(2) Subsection (1) does not apply
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(ii)with respect to a specific act
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49concluded that the company will s
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51Part ESecurities registration and
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53(3) Within five business days aft
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55(f) gives directions or instructi
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57the company’s Memorandum of Inc
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59(b) thereafter, once in every cal
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61(3) If a company provides for par
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63(b)accompanied by sufficient info
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65(2) Unless the company’s Memora
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67(a) a new appointment, if the dir
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69(b) one or more directors may par
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71Standards of directors conduct76.
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(v) the provision of financial assi
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75as determined by the resolution o
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77alleged misconduct, and the court
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79(a)(b)the Commission may issue a
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81the end of the financial year in
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83(a) make any order that is just a
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CHAPTER 4PUBLIC OFFERINGS OF COMPAN
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189(ii) any document required in th
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191(2) A general description of the
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(6) For the purposes of subitem (5)
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Statement as to adequacy of capital
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197(b)(c)(d)(e)details of previous
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199(4) Upon conversion of a close c
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201Act No. and Year Short title Ext
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203Act No. and Year Short title Ext
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205Act No. and Year Short title Ext
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207Act No. and Year Short title Ext
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209SCHEDULE 7TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEME
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211(4) A failure of any share certi
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213date that the right, entitlement
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1. BACKGROUND215MEMORANDUM ON THE O
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2. Overall plan for company legisla
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allows for maximum flexibility in t
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specified persons, or financial ass
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223(f) issue a compliance notice, b