Annual Report for 2010/11 and Forward Programme - Sellafield Ltd

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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Following the HPA investigation, the final results of measurements on a urine sample thathad been collected after the sample upon which the Nuvia and HPA assessments werebased were reported. These results were not significantly different to that measured in asample provided by an un-exposed control subject, and were significantly lower than thebeach workers’ previous samples. Based on this information the HPA concluded that, basedon the information available, the most likely explanation for the elevated urine result wasinadvertent sample contamination (Etherington, 2011). This letter is available in full on ourwebsite.The HPA were also asked for their view on the effect of the Nuvia worker dosimetryassessment on the assessment of health risks to the public. HPA have written to SellafieldLtd to express their view, stating that,© Nuclear Decommissioning Authority 2011. 83
SSEM/2011/4730 June 20116. Aims and Objectives6.1 Introducing the requirement for large area beach monitoringThe 2008 Summary Report (Hemming, 2008) provides details on some of the backgroundand drivers that led to the introduction of a regulatory requirement for large area beachmonitoring at Sellafield. The report also sets out how the early programme for beachmonitoring developed.In brief, the detection, recovery and analysis of a particle containing 90 Sr, during routinemonitoring of the strandline on Sellafield beach in 2003, triggered a review of beachmonitoring operations. This review and subsequent trial of a vehicle mounted system in late2006 / early 2007 resulted in an evolving programme that has seen the development anddeployment of state-of-the-art detection equipment across a wide extent of the beaches onthe coast of West Cumbria.During the early programme, it was not known whether radioactive particles were present insignificant numbers and over what geographical range. Based on early modelling work, thefirst trials took place in areas where the highest chance of encounter had been predicted, tothe immediate north of the Sellafield site. As material was detected and recovered from thislocation; so the programme started to include beach areas that are more distant from theSellafield site. This has resulted in monitoring being carried out on sections of all the mainstretches of accessible beach along the West Cumbrian coast; and has included beaches onthe north Solway.Consistent with the aim of understanding the geographic range and distribution of particlenumbers, the specified area to be monitored increased as the programme developed. TheSellafield trial covered an area of 9.2 ha, followed by a 26 ha trial at Braystones (usingvehicle-mounted and hand-held equipment). The success of the trials led to the inclusion ofa specification in the Compilation of Environment Agency Requirements (CEAR) requiring “aminimum beach area of 15 ha …by 31 July 2007, with a minimum area of 100 ha to besurveyed by 31 March 2008”. In fact, the total area monitored during 2007/08 was in excessof 150 ha, against a revised specified area of 146.7 ha.Success in achieving what may be described as arbitrary target areas, effectively led to abeach monitoring programme of 250 ha per year. Year-on-year, the total area coverageactually achieved has exceeded the target, with last year’s coverage area totalling c.319 ha.These totals are corrected to take account of the overlap that is built into the vehiclemonitoring swathes to ensure that contiguous coverage is achieved. The specified area formonitoring has essentially evolved based on operational performance, as determined by therequired detection capability of the equipment; the natural constraints presented by work in abeach environment (beach accessibility, beach substrate, tidal window, available daylightetc); and the priority given to public protection and assurance. SL considers that 250 ha peryear represents the working capacity of the current system (Softrak running Synergy at1m/s), allowing for minimum down-time periods for vehicle maintenance and buffer time.6.2 Beach monitoring programme reviewThe early specification for Sellafield beach monitoring was heavily influenced by the workbeing done at Dounreay, where fragments of fuel are being detected in the environment. Asthe Sellafield programme has evolved it has become evident that the situation at Sellafield issufficiently different to that at Dounreay; and presents a number of unique challenges,including the types and relative distribution of contaminated material. As a consequence the© Nuclear Decommissioning Authority 2011. 84
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Particles in the EnvironmentAnnual
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011ContentsPur
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011List of Tab
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 20111. Introduc
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Figure 2.1.
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011In August 2
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 20112.3.4 Find
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011as well as
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011The monitor
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011(Field Inst
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011number of f
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 20114.5004.000F
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SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Table 3.5.
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Page 43 and 44: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Beach Find
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Page 49 and 50: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Table 3.9.
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Page 53 and 54: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011In summary,
Page 55 and 56: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011particles h
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Page 65 and 66: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011homogeneous
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Page 69 and 70: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Figure 3.33
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Page 75 and 76: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011The finding
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Page 95 and 96: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Fundamental
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Page 101 and 102: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Figure 7.2.
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Page 111 and 112: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011contract mo
Page 115 and 116: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011From 2008/0
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Page 123 and 124: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Hackney PD,
Page 125 and 126: SSEM/2011/4730 June 2011Appendix 12
Page 127 and 128: Harrington monitoring extent and as
Page 129 and 130: Whitehaven North/Harbour monitoring
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Contents1. Introduction ...........
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Figure 1 - Swath bathymetry of Scro
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Figures 4 to 6 show the same data w
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3.2 Options for acquiring new bathy
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3.3 Interpretation of gross geomorp
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Head, shows a marked northerly sedi
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of artefacts affecting the original
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Executive Summary
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Table of contents1 Introduction ...
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sinks and transport pathways of rad
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m thick ‘bins’ s
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Bed shear stress exceedance - Sella
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Soulsby, R.L. and Whitehouse, R.J.S
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About usCefas is a multi-disciplina
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SummaryThe response of large volume
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Contents1. INTRODUCTION ...........
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Figure 3.15: 137 Cs activity concen
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2. MODEL PARAMETERISATIONThe approa
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Figure 2.2: Stripped 137 Cs count r
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200150Number of finds1005000 5 10 1
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1000 Bq kg -1SignificanceSignifican
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SignificanceSignificanceSignificanc
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0 Bq kg -1SignificanceSignificanceS
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40 Bq kg -13Significance21012.5 Bq
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3.1.2.2 Detailed Small Area SurveyF
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3.2 Patches of Enhanced 137 Cs acti
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3020Stripped cps100-100 200 400 600
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4. DISCUSSIONThe work reported here
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distribution. There appears to be n
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clearance reduce detection limits,
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Appendix A: Location and Activity D
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Position (BNG)Activity of recovered
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11/09/2007 301521 503408 6 Sand 195
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14/11/2007 301442 503457 4 Sand 255
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10/01/2008 301694 503522 12 Sand 27
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24/06/2008 301662 503500 4 Sand 263
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27/10/2008 302058 503065 5 Sand 128
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16/01/2009 301522 503320 7 Sand 367
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22/09/2009 301787 503592 7 Pebbles
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17/03/2010 301446 503542 2 Sand 26
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31/08/2010 300219 505597 0 Sand 33
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24/05/2010 299805 505799 3 Sand 30
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Activity of recoveredPosition (BNG)
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Page 2 of 3provides useful informat
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Week StartingSoftrak Beach Monitori
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Additional justification of 2011/12
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In the context of the total monitor
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Annual Report for 2010/11 and Forward Programme - Sellafield Ltd

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