Source Zone Delineation Demonstration Report - Triad Resource ...

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONSAFBAir Force BaseARAApplied Research Associates, Inc.amslAbove Mean Sea LevelbgsBelow Ground Surfacecis-1,2-DCE cis-1,2-DichloroethenecfmCubic Feet per MinuteCPTCore Penetrometer TestCSMConceptual Site ModelDCEDichloroetheneDNAPLDense Nonaqueous Phase LiquidDSITMSDirect Sampling Ion Trap Mass SpectrometryEPAEnvironmental Protection AgencyEPRIMSEnvironmental Resources Program Management SystemHgMercuryHPHorse PowerLNAPLLight Nonaqueous Phase LiquidMAMS-2Missile Assembly Maintenance and Storage-2mbarMillibarMeOHMethanolMWHMontgomery Watson HarzaNANot ApplicableNAPLNonaqueous Phase LiquidOU 12 Operable Unit 12PCETetrachloroethanePECPerformance Evaluation CheckppbPart-per-BillionppmvPart-per-Million by VolumePVCPolyvinyl ChorideQAQuality AssuranceQA/QCQuality Assurance/Quality ControlROIRadius of InfluencescfmStandard Cubic Feet per MinuteSTPStandard Temperature and PressureSVESoil Vapor ExtractionTCETrichloroetheneTVDTotal Variation DiminishingVOCVolatile Organic Compoundviii
1.0 INTRODUCTIONThis report documents the results of the Source Zone Delineation Demonstration at Operable Unit 12 (OU12), Hill Air Force Base (AFB) in Utah (see Figure 1-1). The demonstration was conducted to investigatevolatile organic compound (VOC) contamination in the vadose zone of the suspected OU 12 source areausing rapid decision-making based on real-time data collected in the field via a dynamic work planapproach. The investigation consisted of two technology demonstrations – (1) wireline cone penetrometersystem for multiple tool usage and (2) soil vapor extraction (SVE) for vadose zone characterization.Sampling and analysis was conducted in the field via direct sampling ion trap mass spectrometry(DSITMS) for rapid identification of contaminant concentrations. Real-time data was required due to therapid soil sampling capability of the wireline tool and to obtain adequate characterization of vapor-phasecontaminant concentration profiles as a function of time across a varied flow regime. Additionally,optimization of vapor extraction rates and location of investigation was optimized as a result ofimmediate concentration profiles. This investigation represents the next progression in thecharacterization of OU 12 and builds upon the active soil-gas survey completed in the suspected sourcezone at OU 12 in October 2001 and March 2002 [MWH, 2002a].1.1 Project ObjectivesThe objectives for the Source Zone Delineation Demonstration at OU 12 included:Locating and spatially-defining any existing source of trichloroethene (TCE) in the vadose zone andcapillary fringe of the suspected OU 12 source zone;Demonstrating the ability of ARA’s Wireline CPT system and Tri-Corders Environmental, Inc.DSIMTS to rapidly characterize contaminant distribution within the vadose zone; andDemonstrating the ability of SVE to characterize the spatial and phase distribution of VOC masswithin the vadose zone.1.2 Dynamic Work Plan ApproachA dynamic work plan approach was utilized during the OU 12 Source Zone Delineation Demonstration.The dynamic work plan approach focuses on the decision-making process that integrates the datagenerated in the field to facilitate a rapid, cost effective characterization of the site. Formulated as adecision tree during the planning process, the dynamic work plan adapts site investigative activities inrelation to the evolving, usually on a daily basis, conceptual site model (CSM). Dynamic work planshave been successfully demonstrated for over ten years by various parties [Burton, 1993 and Robbat,1997]. Implementation of a dynamic work plan requires on-site generation and interpretation of data sothat results are available fast enough to support the rapidly evolving on-site decision-making. Althoughnot a new concept, recent advances in field analytical instrumentation and computerization have enableddynamic work plans to be utilized in the characterization of complex sites.March 2003 1-1 OU 12 Demonstration ReportFinal
Page 1 and 2: FinalSource Zone Delineation Demons
Page 3 and 4: EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis report docume
Page 5: The SVE demonstration conducted in
Page 8 and 9: TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF FIGURESFigure ES-1 Iso-Conc
Page 12 and 13: Figure 5-38 Horizontal slices at fi
Page 16 and 17: Hill Air Force BaseUtahRIVERDALEWeb
Page 18 and 19: Co-Team LeaderCo-Team LeaderURS Pro
Page 20 and 21: 1.4 Report OrganizationThe remainin
Page 22 and 23: Davis-Weber CanalDetail AreaHillAir
Page 24 and 25: ANorthSouthU5-18864,580CROSS SECTIO
Page 26 and 27: Approx. LocationOf BarrelsInitial S
Page 28 and 29: Figure 3-2. Wireline locking and re
Page 30 and 31: 3.3 DSITMS Soil AnalyticsDirect sam
Page 32 and 33: 4.0 SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION DEMONSTRA
Page 34 and 35: The equilibrium four-phase distribu
Page 36 and 37: 3520 ft. from well, 3.5 cfmTCE in E
Page 38 and 39: The SVE system included piping from
Page 40 and 41: SVE Process System and On-Site DSIT
Page 42 and 43: Table 4-3. Summary of OU 12 SVE Ste
Page 44 and 45: 3,000U12-VP1 Calibration Curve2,500
Page 46 and 47: 5.0 RESULTS OF SOIL SAMPLING AND SV
Page 48 and 49: 0U12-1802100U12-1803100U12-18051020
Page 50 and 51: 0102030405060700U12-1804U12-1807102
Page 52 and 53: Figure 5-4. Soil samples collected
Page 54 and 55: 298400298360Northing (ft)2983202982
Page 58 and 59: The final TCE soil contamination mo
Page 62 and 63: Figure 5-12. Isometric view, lookin
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An isometric view of the upscaled a
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March 2003 5-21 OU 12 Demonstration
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4620WE460045804560454045204500Verti
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4620WE460045804560Elevation (ft)454
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Volumetric calculations yield an es
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The position of the water table in
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5.2 OU 12 SVE EvaluationThe OU 12 S
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Vapor Probe #1Vapor Probe #2Vapor P
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Thus, the in situ air permeability
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0.0000-0.0010U12-VP1 ResponsePressu
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0.000020.00000U12-VP1 ResponsePress
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Table 5-5. Estimated In Situ Air Pe
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10.0U12-VP1 Pneumatic Response8.0Ai
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1,400841,20072TCE Concentration (pp
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800.98700.84TCE Concentration (ppmv
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200.018180.016TCE Concentration (pp
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1400.491200.42TCE Concentration (pp
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4600OU12-VP1OU12-VP2 OU12-VP3 OU12-
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the screened interval in U12-VP1 an
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permeability layer. Final adjustmen
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Table 5-7. Comparison of Measured a
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Table 5-8. continuedFile Name Extra
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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Figure 5-42 shows a comparison betw
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U12-VP1 50 mg/kg source 10 ft thick
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 455 10 15 20
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25 - 30 feet bgs30 - 35 feet bgs35
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U12-VP1 200 mg/kg source 10 ft thic
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A comparison between the predicted
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 455 10 15 20
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U12-VP1 EVS Maximum Soil Concentrat
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9,200Predicted TCE Concentration (p
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6.1 Conventional Sampling and Analy
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Table 6-2. Estimated Cost for OU 12
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6.1.2 Direct Push Technology (DPT)T
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Table 6-4. Estimated Cost for OU 12
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that the Wireline CPT sampler canno
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Table 6-5. Summary of Estimated Cos
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The Wireline CPT tool is not effect
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Figure 7-1. Iso-concentration surfa
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24U12-VP5 Combined Testing201612846
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8.0 REFERENCESBear, J. 1979. Hydrau
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TABLE A-1FIELD ANALYICAL RESULTS FO
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APPENDIX BSimulated TCE Vapor-Phase
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TCE Concentration (ppmv2,4702,4602,
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U12-PV1Source Area #2TCE Concentrat
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U12-PV1Source Area #2250VP1 i=24, j
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TCE Concentration (ppmvTCE Concentr
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U12-PV1Source Area #9500450VP1 i=24
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TCE Concentration (ppmTCE Concentra
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700600U12-PV1Source Area #9VP1 i=24
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U12-PV2Source Area #10250VP2 i=23,
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TCE Concentration (ppm1.00.90.80.70
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U12-PV6Source Area #101816VP6 i=33,
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TCE Concentration (ppm6050403020100
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