Source Zone Delineation Demonstration Report - Triad Resource ...

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FINAL REPORTOperable Unit 12Source Zone Delineation DemonstrationReportContract: F42650-98-D-0065TaskOrder 0016Prepared for:Kyle Gorder and Mark LoucksEnvironmental Management DirectorateHill Air Force Base, UtahPrepared by:756 E. Winchester St., Suite 400Salt Lake City, Utah 84107March 2003
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis report documents the results of the Hill Air Force Base Operable Unit 12 (OU 12) Source ZoneDelineation Demonstration. The demonstration was conducted to investigate volatile organic compoundcontamination in the vadose zone of the suspected OU 12 source area using rapid decision-making basedon real-time data collected in the field via direct sampling ion trap mass spectrometry (DSITMS) for rapididentification of contaminant concentrations. The investigation consisted of two technologydemonstrations – (1) wireline cone penetrometer system for multiple tool usage and (2) soil vaporextraction (SVE) for vadose zone characterization.The Wireline CPT demonstration was conducted within the vadose zone and capillary fringe underlyingthe general area defined as the suspected source zone at OU 12. During the first four days of soilsampling using the Wireline CPT sampler, approximately 205 soil samples were collected from verticaltraces at 5 discrete locations (approximately 50 samples per day). An increase in sample collectionfrequency occurred during the last five days of field operations, where approximately 395 soil sampleswere collected from vertical traces at 11 discrete locations (approximately 80 samples per day). In total,599 soil samples were collected from vertical traces at 16 discrete locations during the nine working daysof the Wireline CPT demonstration. Samples were generally collected along 1-foot sampling intervalsfrom approximately 20 to 65 feet bgs.Inference of the magnitude and spatial extent of TCE contamination in the vadose zone at OU 12 wasaccomplished using three-dimensional modeling of TCE concentration measured in the soil samplesretrieved with the Wireline CPT sampler. An isometric view of the 100 g/kg iso-concentration surfacefrom the final three-dimensional model of TCE contamination in soil is shown in Figure ES-1. The viewis from the southwest corner of the model domain, looking to the northeast. The spheres on each of theborings represent soil sample locations, color-coded according to the measured concentration of TCE.The highest concentrations of TCE were observed in samples collected from U2-1804 at a depth of 27feet (154,000 g/kg) and 29 feet (73,000 g/kg) below ground surface (bgs); from U2-1807 at 33 feet bgs(144,000 g/kg); and from U2-1817 at 29 feet bgs (131,900 g/kg). In contrast, surrounding boringsyielded no soil samples with a measured TCE concentration greater than 10,000 g/kg. During theanalysis of samples collected from U12-1807, four samples (30 to 33 feet bgs) were observed to contain alight nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL). In addition, two samples (27 to 29 feet bgs) from U12-1804were observed to contain a LNAPL.Based on the results of the TCE soil model, contamination in the vadose zone at OU 12 has a distinctlylayered character. Individual layers are elliptical in plan-view, approximately 5 to 10 feet thick, severalhundreds of square feet in areal extent, and are present over most of the entire thickness of the vadosezone within the modeled region. The layers of TCE contamination tend to reside in silty-sand soils,joined vertically by narrow and tortuous throat-like connections evocative of migration pathways. Thisspatial pattern of TCE contamination in soil suggests that water, percolating downward under the force ofgravity and carrying with it dissolved TCE, spreads laterally when it encounters capillary barriers.Pathways through the barriers are ultimately found, providing the contaminated water with a new avenuefor downward percolation.March 2003 ES-1 OU 12 Demonstration ReportFinal
Page 1: FinalSource Zone Delineation Demons
Page 5: The SVE demonstration conducted in
Page 8 and 9: TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 10 and 11: LIST OF FIGURESFigure ES-1 Iso-Conc
Page 12 and 13: Figure 5-38 Horizontal slices at fi
Page 14 and 15: LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONSA
Page 16 and 17: Hill Air Force BaseUtahRIVERDALEWeb
Page 18 and 19: Co-Team LeaderCo-Team LeaderURS Pro
Page 20 and 21: 1.4 Report OrganizationThe remainin
Page 22 and 23: Davis-Weber CanalDetail AreaHillAir
Page 24 and 25: ANorthSouthU5-18864,580CROSS SECTIO
Page 26 and 27: Approx. LocationOf BarrelsInitial S
Page 28 and 29: Figure 3-2. Wireline locking and re
Page 30 and 31: 3.3 DSITMS Soil AnalyticsDirect sam
Page 32 and 33: 4.0 SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION DEMONSTRA
Page 34 and 35: The equilibrium four-phase distribu
Page 36 and 37: 3520 ft. from well, 3.5 cfmTCE in E
Page 38 and 39: The SVE system included piping from
Page 40 and 41: SVE Process System and On-Site DSIT
Page 42 and 43: Table 4-3. Summary of OU 12 SVE Ste
Page 44 and 45: 3,000U12-VP1 Calibration Curve2,500
Page 46 and 47: 5.0 RESULTS OF SOIL SAMPLING AND SV
Page 48 and 49: 0U12-1802100U12-1803100U12-18051020
Page 50 and 51: 0102030405060700U12-1804U12-1807102
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Figure 5-4. Soil samples collected
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298400298360Northing (ft)2983202982
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298400298360Northing (ft)2983202982
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The final TCE soil contamination mo
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298400298360Northing (ft)2983202982
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Figure 5-12. Isometric view, lookin
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An isometric view of the upscaled a
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March 2003 5-21 OU 12 Demonstration
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4620WE460045804560454045204500Verti
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4620WE460045804560Elevation (ft)454
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Volumetric calculations yield an es
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The position of the water table in
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5.2 OU 12 SVE EvaluationThe OU 12 S
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Vapor Probe #1Vapor Probe #2Vapor P
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Thus, the in situ air permeability
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0.0000-0.0010U12-VP1 ResponsePressu
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0.000020.00000U12-VP1 ResponsePress
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Table 5-5. Estimated In Situ Air Pe
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10.0U12-VP1 Pneumatic Response8.0Ai
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1,400841,20072TCE Concentration (pp
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800.98700.84TCE Concentration (ppmv
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200.018180.016TCE Concentration (pp
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1400.491200.42TCE Concentration (pp
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4600OU12-VP1OU12-VP2 OU12-VP3 OU12-
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the screened interval in U12-VP1 an
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permeability layer. Final adjustmen
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Table 5-7. Comparison of Measured a
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Table 5-8. continuedFile Name Extra
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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U12-1802U12-VP3U12-1812U12-1803U12-
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Figure 5-42 shows a comparison betw
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U12-VP1 50 mg/kg source 10 ft thick
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 455 10 15 20
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25 - 30 feet bgs30 - 35 feet bgs35
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U12-VP1 200 mg/kg source 10 ft thic
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A comparison between the predicted
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 455 10 15 20
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U12-VP1 EVS Maximum Soil Concentrat
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9,200Predicted TCE Concentration (p
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6.1 Conventional Sampling and Analy
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Table 6-2. Estimated Cost for OU 12
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6.1.2 Direct Push Technology (DPT)T
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Table 6-4. Estimated Cost for OU 12
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that the Wireline CPT sampler canno
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Table 6-5. Summary of Estimated Cos
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The Wireline CPT tool is not effect
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Figure 7-1. Iso-concentration surfa
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24U12-VP5 Combined Testing201612846
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8.0 REFERENCESBear, J. 1979. Hydrau
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TABLE A-1FIELD ANALYICAL RESULTS FO
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APPENDIX BSimulated TCE Vapor-Phase
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TCE Concentration (ppmv2,4702,4602,
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U12-PV1Source Area #2TCE Concentrat
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U12-PV1Source Area #2250VP1 i=24, j
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TCE Concentration (ppmvTCE Concentr
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U12-PV1Source Area #9500450VP1 i=24
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TCE Concentration (ppmTCE Concentra
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700600U12-PV1Source Area #9VP1 i=24
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U12-PV2Source Area #10250VP2 i=23,
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TCE Concentration (ppm1.00.90.80.70
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U12-PV6Source Area #101816VP6 i=33,
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TCE Concentration (ppm6050403020100
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