Microsoft SharePoint. Building Office 2007 Solutions in VB 2005 ...

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CHAPTER 10SharePoint Web PartsThe power of SharePoint as a solution platform comes in no small measure from its supportfor web parts. The web parts framework built into Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) providesa consistent environment for both developer and user. Standard interfaces, attributes,and deployment models make web part construction straightforward, while standard interfaceelements to add, remove, and modify web parts make them easy to customize. Throughoutour investigation of SharePoint, we have used web parts to integrate systems, customizefunctionality, and display information. Although WSS and MOSS ship with a number of usefulweb parts, you will inevitably want to create your own. In this chapter, I will examine the fundamentalconstruction and deployment of web parts.Web Part BasicsCreating a custom web part in SharePoint begins by inheriting from the WebPart class. Thosewho wrote web parts in the previous version of SharePoint will remember that those web partsalso began by inheriting from the WebPart class. The big difference, however, is that the baseclass for web parts in SharePoint 2003 derives from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart, whereas the base class for SharePoint 2007 web parts is System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart. While this version of SharePoint provides full backward compatibility forweb parts built on the Microsoft.SharePoint namespace, the best practice going forward is touse the System.Web namespace. Furthermore, the Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart class has been rebased in ASP.NET 2.0 so that it actually derives from theSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart class anyway.You begin the definition of a new web part by creating a new class library project in VisualStudio. After the project is created, you must set a reference to the System.Web namespace,which contains the WebPart base class. Once the reference is set, you may then set up the classto inherit from the base class. Listing 10-1 shows the foundational code for a web part.Listing 10-1. Starting a Web PartImports SystemImports System.Web.UIImports System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebPartsNamespace MyNameSpace367
368CHAPTER 10 ■ SHAREPOINT WEB PARTSPublic Class MyWebPartInherits WebPartEnd ClassEnd NamespaceWeb Part PropertiesWell-designed web parts function in a variety of different pages because they are configurableby an administrator or end user directly in the site. This configuration is possible because eachweb part supports a series of properties that can be set in the site and read by the web part atruntime. In code, these properties are created in the same manner as any property for anyclass with the exception that they have special attributes that determine their behavior withinSharePoint. The process of creating a property begins with a standard property construct.Most properties are designed to be configured directly in the portal. Therefore, you mustdecorate the property with different attributes to define its behavior when a page is designed.These property values are subsequently serialized and saved when the page is processed sothat the property values can be read later when an end user accesses the page. Each of theproperties you define is decorated with the WebBrowsable, Personalizable, WebDisplayName,and WebDescription attributes.The WebBrowsable attribute is a Boolean value that determines whether the built-in Share-Point property editing pane can access the property. You may set this value to either True orFalse. Although most of your properties will be browsable, you may have sensitive propertiesthat should not be accessible by general users. Additionally, when you create a custom propertyeditor later in the section titled “Custom Editor Parts,” you will set this value to False.The Personalizable attribute is an enumeration that determines whether the propertyvalues are saved for an individual or for all users of the page on which the web part sits.This attribute may be set to PersonalizationScope.User or PersonalizationScope.Shared.When the attribute is set to PersonalizationScope.User, the property value may be set foreach user of a page. The web part infrastructure serializes and saves the values separatelyfor each user. When the attribute is set to PersonalizationScope.Shared, the web part infrastructuresaves only a single value of the property that is applied to all users of the page onwhich the web part sits.Once you understand the property definition scheme, you can create as many as youneed to properly configure the web part. Although they are easy to change, I recommend thatyou spend some time designing your web part before implementing the property set. If youthink through the intended use of the web part, you will save yourself a lot of wasted timewriting and rewriting property structures. Listing 10-2 shows a complete property definitionfor a database connections string that can be set by a user and then utilized by the web part.
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THE EXPERT’S VOICE ® IN SHAREPOI
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Microsoft SharePoint: Building Offi
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Contents at a GlanceAbout the Autho
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viii■CONTENTSAnalysis and Design
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x■CONTENTSUsing Audiences . . . .
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xii■CONTENTSExercise 6.1. InfoPat
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xiv■CONTENTSUsing the Office Open
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xvi■CONTENTS■CHAPTER 12 SharePo
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About the Technical Reviewer■JIM
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IntroductionWith SharePoint now in
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■INTRODUCTIONxxvChapter 8: ShareP
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2CHAPTER 1 ■ SHAREPOINT BUSINESS
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CHAPTER 2SharePoint Overview,Planni
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CHAPTER 2 ■ SHAREPOINT OVERVIEW,
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CHAPTER 3SharePoint FundamentalsSha
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CHAPTER 3 ■ SHAREPOINT FUNDAMENTA
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104CHAPTER 4 ■ SHAREPOINT SHARED
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CHAPTER 5SharePoint ContentDevelopm
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CHAPTER 5 ■ SHAREPOINT CONTENT DE
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CHAPTER 6SharePoint Document, Form,
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CHAPTER 6 ■ SHAREPOINT DOCUMENT,
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CHAPTER 7SharePoint Custom Features
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CHAPTER 7 ■ SHAREPOINT CUSTOM FEA
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CHAPTER 8SharePoint BusinessIntelli
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CHAPTER 8 ■ SHAREPOINT BUSINESS I
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CHAPTER 11 ■ PROGRAMMING SHAREPOI
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CHAPTER 12SharePoint Operations and
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CHAPTER 12 ■ SHAREPOINT OPERATION
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492■INDEXAllow Writers to View Ca
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494■INDEX■Csegmenting informati
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496■INDEXCourse Description custo
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498■INDEXconfiguring components,
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504■INDEXlayout tables, 158LAYOUT
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512■INDEXextending web applicatio
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516■INDEXtransformers, 392Tree Vi
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