Securing Biodiversity in Breckland - European Commission

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Littoral habitats that are disturbedOmophron limbatum – RDB: ENColeoptera – Carabidae (Ground Beetle)This ground beetle occurs in bare sandy soil at themargins of water in flooded gravel-pits, where it formsburrows in the sand. The species was possibleindigenous in the C19 th , with the first reliable UKrecord from 1969 on the Kent/Sussex border(suspected to be a recent re-colonist from Europe).Management recommendations are that somedisturbance, on rotation around the pits will helppromote early successional stages. The dispersal ofthis species should be considered extremely high andunlike most carabids it appears to breed all year round.The Breckland Natural Area Profile (Rothera 1989) quantified two RDB plants and approximately 60RDB invertebrates, with 23 plant and invertebrate BAP species in groundwater-fed wetlands (pingos,meres and valley-head fens), of which only one species was regarded as a Breckland speciality. Theresults of the Biodiversity Audit largely confirm this, with 76 RDB species associated with standingwater or littoral margins.From the autecological information available, it was not possible to distinguish between speciesassociated with fen habitats in pingo systems, species associated with fen habitats in calcareousflushed valley-head mires and species associated with fen habitats in other parts of the landscape,such as fen remnants along river valley margins or at the Breckland / Fen margin. Further analysis isrecommended in order to prioritise restoration and conservation efforts.174
Recommendation Requirements of wetland species are less well understood and frequently more complex, withmore elements and habitat variables to be considered. Improvements are needed in theknowledge of the species and in the assessment of guilds. The relative importance of wetland assemblages that occur in different landscape elementsshould be investigated, e.g. associations with pingo systems, calcareous flushed valley-headmires, fen remnants along river valley margins, fens at the Breckland / Fen margin.Open wetland and aquatic habitats were more important for Breckland conservation priorityspecies than damp/wet wooded habitats.Similar numbers of Breckland specialists required wetland, littoral margin and standing waterhabitats. Similar numbers also occurred between requirement for grazing, physical disturbance,and ungrazed conditions.Wetland restorationOctober 2007November2007July2008Tree removal over 16 ha of Cranberry Rough (Goodwin’s ‘Hockham Mere’) to restorepeat fen. Photographs © N. Armour-Chelu175
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Securing Biodiversityin BrecklandGu
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Commissioning GroupNeil Featherston
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Wind-blown sand guild .............
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milder winters and increased winter
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Creating broad ruderal and disturbe
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Introduction“Few of the lowland d
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Inland DunesThe 1km wide dune and b
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Following the Black Death of the mi
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The area of grass-heath declined by
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PingosPingos are ground water fed p
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Breckland Conservation and the Need
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SSSI. The Breckland Forest SSSI cit
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The Breckland Biodiversity Audit ha
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The Breckland bio-geographic region
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polygons of alternating calcareous
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quality calcareous fen communities
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Figure 2. The extent of Breckland,
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Table 3. Grass-heath vegetation in
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The Conservation Resource: Designat
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All other SSSIs are less than 600 h
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GrasslandHeathWoodlandWetlandFlowin
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Calcicolous grasslandsShingle, stra
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Figure 4. Location of designated si
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Figure 6. Location of Plantlife’s
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Figure 7. Locations of stations in
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Scheme for Stilt & Stalk Flies, Dra
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Table 6. Rare vascular plant specie
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Recommendation BTO be commissioned
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Table 7. Species for which records
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Table 8. Descriptions of Red Data B
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If the sub-species was designated b
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Collating and Synthesising Species
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Table 11. Published, documentary an
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Baron de Worms, C.G.M. (1953) Colle
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Guild AnalysisA number of habitat a
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The specific questions for the work
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Findings of the Breckland Biodivers
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Recording Effort and CoverageThere
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Butterfly Conservation (Suffolk) 17
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Norfolk Biodiversity InformationSer
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Figure 11. Number of taxonomic grou
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difference is partly attributable t
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There were Breckland specialist spe
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Figure 13. Proportion of Breckland
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Distribution of Breckland Conservat
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Figure 15. Number of Breckland cons
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Evidence of Climatic Change: Long-T
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Figure 17. Total seasonal precipita
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Biodiversity Implications of the Ch
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Ariel depositions to agricultural s
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the status of Deschampsia flexuosa.
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The relative effects of ploughing,
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Trends in Species Status: Extinctio
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HymenopteraHymenopteraHymenopteraCo
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In addition to the loss of rare lic
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edstraw Galium parisiense (Tansley
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The relative extent of lichen rich
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The Feasibility and Usefulness of t
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Across patch arrangementLandscape c
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Across patcharrangementJuxtapositio
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Delivery of Multiple Species by Int
Page 123 and 124: Figure 24. Number of Breckland cons
Page 125 and 126: Mechanical disturbance to create br
Page 129 and 130: estricted to road verges, with the
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Page 133 and 134: Records of species from this guild
Page 135 and 136: © Jeremy Earlywww.natureconservati
Page 139 and 140: Open with sward mosaics guildChryso
Page 141 and 142: Grazing without physical disturbanc
Page 143 and 144: Deadwood in an open-woodland ecoton
Page 145 and 146: Specific Requirement in a Variety o
Page 147 and 148: Management to Sustain Dry Terrestri
Page 149 and 150: Heather should rather be considered
Page 151 and 152: GrazingrequirementsLightly sheep-gr
Page 153 and 154: a mosaic of overlapping ploughed, a
Page 155 and 156: Wind-blown sandThere is great uncer
Page 157 and 158: IntensityProcess Technique Immediat
Page 159 and 160: Complex Sward MosaicsComplex sward
Page 161 and 162: Management for Assemblages of Light
Page 163 and 164: Management for Species of Physicall
Page 165 and 166: Key Recommendations for Cultivated
Page 167 and 168: Shallow cultivation is preferable t
Page 169 and 170: Maidscross Hill is largely overgrow
Page 171 and 172: Ecological Requirements of Wetland
Page 173: numbers of conservation priority sp
Page 179 and 180: Restored pingo complexAt Great Hock
Page 183 and 184: the difficulties of achieving this
Page 185 and 186: Strategic Challenges to Biodiversit
Page 187 and 188: Table 22. Problems arising from poo
Page 189 and 190: Recommendation: Natural England and
Page 191 and 192: It is therefore vital to carefully
Page 193 and 194: Creating networks for resilienceTo
Page 195 and 196: More ambitious possibilities that c
Page 197 and 198: Figure 34. Example of a potential c
Page 199 and 200: Connectivity networks© Neal Armour
Page 201 and 202: and consider whether these repeated
Page 203 and 204: Ensure that scrub removal, ploughin
Page 205 and 206: ReferencesADAS. (1997) Biological M
Page 207 and 208: Haes, E. C. M. & Harding, P. T. (19
Page 209 and 210: Sastre, B.(2003). Ground spider com
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Securing Biodiversity in Breckland - European Commission

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