The World of Words: Vocabulary for College Success ... - eLibrary

80 Chapter 3 Words for Feeling, Expression, and Action15. belligerent (adjective, noun) bß-lĭjßr-ßnta. hostile; engaged in warfare (adjective)Belligerent rebels attacked the troops.The minor disagreement between fathers of the soccerplayers turned into a belligerent shouting match.b. a hostile or aggressive person (noun)The two belligerents drew their guns. Related Wordbelligerence (noun) Because of the customer’s belligerence,security guards escorted her out of the store.Words of WarBelligerent comes from the Latin words bellum, “war,” and gerere, “to carry on.”Bellum is also the root of the word rebellion, a war waged against a rulingpower, and of the word rebel, a person who defies authority. Two other wordsthat come from bellum are bellicose (warlike) and antebellum, the period in theUnited States before the Civil War. (Ante- means “before.”)16. chagrin (noun) shß-grĭnembarrassment or unhappiness caused by failure; a feelingof shameMuch to my chagrin, the cookies I baked and served to mymother-in-law were burned on the bottom.The world-famous skater was filled with chagrin when hefailed to qualify for the local team. Common Phrasesfilled with chagrinNOTE: Chagrin is used with a personal pronoun, as in “to my chagrin. . . ,” “to your chagrin . . .” “to her/his chagrin . . .” “to their chagrin . . .”17. condemn (verb) kßn-dĕma. to criticize; to express strong disapproval ofThe Senate condemned the racist comments of one of itsmembers.b. to give a punishment; to find guilty; to express disapprovalThe judge condemned the criminal to life in prison.Slaves were condemned to a harsh, joyless life.Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.