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The Bank’s Water Assistance and PortfolioFigure 2.220The Upward Trend in Bank Lendingfor Water May Be OverProjectsPercent of Bank total15105Commitments0Source: OED.1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998YearBank commitments to the “other sectors” categorygrew eightfold after 1993 to reach $6.2billion. And most of this was for water developmentembedded within more general agriculturaldevelopment projects and social sectorprojects (table 2.1). As a result, the amount lent(but not the number of projects) to the traditionalwater subsectors (water supply and san-Figure 2.3Lending for Water Has BeenConcentrated in Relatively FewCountriesChina16%27%India10%14%Indonesia6.1%7.7%Mexico5.7%8.0%Brazil4.7%13.2%PakistanTurkeyVietnamPeruBangladesh0%0%3.6%4.6%2.4%4.7%2.2%2.2%2.4%2.0%Post-Strategy, 1994–99Pre-Strategy, 1983–93Source: OED.0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000Millions of dollars and percentage of total lending11
Bridging Troubled Waters: Assessing the World Bank Water Resources StrategyFigure 2.4Lending to the Traditional WaterSectors Has Declined Since the1993 StrategyOther sectorsIrrigation and drainageWater supplyand sanitationEnvironmentHydropowerFisheriesPost-Strategy, 1994–99Pre-Strategy, 1983–930 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000Millions of dollars committedSource: OED.itation, irrigation, and drainage) declined. Giventhat most “other sector” water projects are embeddedin operations managed by nonwaterstaff or are not managed at all in demand-led socialfunds, there is growing concern that waterpolicy oversight and coherence is being diluted.That makes it more difficult to apply the principlesof the Strategy.The Poverty Focus of Water Operations IsGetting BetterThe Strategy gives priority to the provision of adequatewater and sanitation services to the poor.OED’s analysis of Bank Quality Assurance Group(QAG) data found that water projects were notas good as other sector projects in complyingwith the Country Assistance Strategy (CAS)poverty strategy. 5 Despite this, more water investmentgoes to poorer countries than Bank investmentas a whole, primarily because irrigationand drainage investments have become moresharply focused on the poorest countries. Indeed,the poverty focus of irrigation and drainageprojects rose by 23 percent after the Strategy.Conversely, formal water supply and sanitationoperations declined by 13 percent—primarily becauseof the increased focus on lending to financiallyviable urban utilities that outweighs thenew generation of pro-poor rural Water Supplyand Sanitation (WSS) projects. Indirect lendingT able 2.1W ater Supply and Sanitation Investmentsin Nontraditional Sectors Are IncreasingInvestment ($millions) a 1988–93 1994–99 Projects (number) 1988–93 1994–99Official WSS 5,556 3,984 Official WSS 64 67Other sectors 56 1,181 Other sectors 8 53Total 5,612 5,165 Total 72 120a. Constant 1996 US $.Source: OED data.12
Page 1 and 2: WORLD BANK OPERATIONS EVALUATION DE
Page 3 and 4: OPERATIONS EVALUATION DEPARTMENTENH
Page 5 and 6: Bridging Troubled Waters: Assessing
Page 8 and 9: AcknowledgmentsThis report examines
Page 10 and 11: ENGLISHFOREWORDThe comprehensiveapp
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Page 14 and 15: ForewordENGLISHand regional capacit
Page 16: Forewordregionales, en particularen
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Page 57 and 58: 4Why It’s Difficult toGet Good Re
Page 59 and 60: Why It’s Difficult to Get Good Re
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Page 67 and 68: Improving Bank Management and Inter
Page 69 and 70: 6RecommendationsRecommendation 1: A
Page 71: ANNEXESANNEX A:WORLD BANK OPERATION
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Bridging Troubled Waters: Assessing
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ANNEX E:SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DIMENSIO
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Annexesments. Per beneficiary costs
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Annexesdirectly with the poor and/o
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Annexesexisting informal and small-
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AnnexesT able E.1V ariables in Data
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AnnexesT able E.1V ariables in Data
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ANNEX F:RESETTLEMENT IN BANK WATER
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ANNEX G:WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
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AnnexesFigure G.1Staff Questionnair
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ANNEX H:THE DIFFICULTIES OF INTEGRA
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Annexesactivities. To mitigate thes
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