Good Confucianism book (pdf) - Department of Physics

Notes 22914 In addition to yin - yang and five phases theories, the New Text school wasinfluenced by another strand of thought, Huang - Lao, named after the sage -king, the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi), and Laozi, believed to be the author ofthe Daodejing. In the Western Han, Huang - Lao developed as a combinationof Legalist ideas about the structure of government along with Daoist ideas ofnon - action. When a government organization was set up well and laws wereunderstood, a ruler did not need to involve himself in government. WhileHuang - Lao thought died out in the early Han, it is thought to have influencedthe yin - yang thought of the New Text school. In 1973 at Mawangdui (nearmodern Changsha in Hunan province) manuscripts associated with Huang - Laothought were discovered.15 Chunqiu Fanlu , ch. 19, section 6.16 Chunqiu Fanlu , ch. 56, section 13.17 The five phases, wu xing , is also translated as the five elements or five stages.18 Because it is the center, there is no yin or yang position for earth/center/yellow.19 Uncrowned, or unrecognized, king.20 Hall and Ames, Anticipating China , 201.21 For a description of changes in the figure of Confucius, see Mark Csikszentmihalyi,“ Confucius and the Analects in the Han ” in Confucius and the Analects: NewEssays , ed. Bryan Van Norden (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002 ),134 – 62; for a list of Han stories about Confucius, see ibid., 136.22 Wang Chong was said to have been so poor that he read the classics by frequentingthe bookstores of Luoyang and reading the texts while pretendingto buy. His text is the Lun Heng , Balanced Discourses , which he wrote inobscurity. It only came to light when one of his in - laws tried to pass off WangChong ’ s thinking as his own. Wang Chong is open about his dependence onDaoist thought, but says that Daoists did not understand how to prove theirarguments, while he did.23 Chunqiu Fanlu, “ Yin Yang Yi, ” ch. 49.24 Lun Heng , “ Ziran ” ; compare A. Forke, trans., Lun Heng (1907 reprint) (NewYork: Paragon, 1962 ), 1, 99.25 Lun Heng , “ Ziran ” ; compare Forke, Lun Heng 1, 92.26 Lun Heng, “ Han Wen ” ; compare Forke, Lun Heng 1, 278; 283.27 Lun Heng, “ Bian Dong ” ; compare Forke, Lun Heng 1, 109 – 10. “ Humanbeings are creatures; even though they are noble lords or rulers, their natureis no different from the nature of all other creatures, ” Lun Heng , “ Dao Xu ” ;compare Forke, Lun Heng 1,335 – 6.28 Liu Xiang ’ s Biographies of Women has 104 biographies, divided among sevenchapters. The chapter titles are: “ The Highest Standard of Motherhood, ” “ TheWise and Intelligent, ” “ The Humane and Knowledgeable, ” The Incorruptibleand Obedient, ” “ Those with Principles and Rightness, ” “ Those Who Pass onExamples and Have Good Opinions, ” and “ The Evil and Depraved. ” See Mou,Gentleman ’ s Prescriptions , 11f. and Appendix A.1, 201f. for her translations.This organization set the standard for many biographies of women to come.29 See Knapp, Selfless Offspring , 24.30 Shuoyuan Zhuzi Suoyin 3.8 by Liu Xiang, cited in Knapp, 29.31 Knapp, Selfless Offspring , 25.