Bio-SNG - CNG Services

More documents

Recommendations

Info

BIO-SNG FEASIBILITY STUDY – ESTABLISHMENT OF A REGIONAL PROJECT3.4 THE GAS SAFETY MANAGEMENT REGULATIONSThe Gas Safety Management Regulations (GS(M)R) set out the rules for transportation of natural gasthroughout the gas network, from producer to customer and will be well understood by gas industrypractitioners. Of critical importance to the design of Bio-SNG facilities, Schedule 3, Regulation 8 of theGS(M)R defines the allowable gas composition for gas transported through the network; the relevantsection being included in this report as Appendix 3. As discussed in Section 5.5 the main challenge forBio-SNG production is the hydrogen content specified in the GS(M)R 13 , however it may be possible toachieve some derogation of this by examination of the methodology outlined in article 192 of Schedule 3of the GS(M)R 14 .3.5 OTHER KEY REGULATIONSThe Large Combustion Plant Directive (LCPD) seeks to regulate the emission of SOx, NOx and dustfrom power plants with a thermal rating of 50MWth or more. Whilst both the subject demonstration scaleplant and the full scale plant reach or exceed this thermal power input it would appear that neither wouldbe subject to the LCPD. Article 2 (&) of the Directive states:“This Directive shall apply only to combustion plants designed for production of energy with the exceptionof those which make direct use of the products of combustion in manufacturing processes.”On this basis, given that in a Bio-SNG plant the products of combustion are used to make methane, sucha plant would not be regulated under the LCPD. However, a Bio-SNG plant, just like any other largeindustrial process facility would fall within the IPPC regulations and be required to secure anEnvironmental Permit. This should not constitute a particular development hurdle, but it would constitutea significant expenditure and must be commenced early in the development to avoid the risk of delays tofinancial close.13 Unlike for anaerobic digestion derived biogas, for which oxygen content is one of the key challenges14 The full GS(M)R can be obtained as a downloadable .pdf file from:http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=978071761159120
BIO-SNG FEASIBILITY STUDY – ESTABLISHMENT OF A REGIONAL PROJECT4 FeedstockBiomethane production via synthesis gas can be generated from any biomass fuel which can be gasified.Potentially this encompasses pure biomasses such as woodchip, energy crops or biogenic co-productsfrom biodiesel production, crude bio-oil from wood pyrolysis, to discarded materials such as waste wood,or processed wastes such as Solid Recovered Fuels. This review will provide a high level perspective onfuel types and the technical implications on the process, as well as the commercial and sustainabilityissues.The use of bio-fuels for heating and lighting pre-dates the use of fossil fuels by thousands of years,nevertheless a systematic knowledge base of the challenges posed by solid bio-fuels is not as widelyunderstood as is the case with fossil fuels, a fact attributable to the burgeoning use of fossil fuels asexponentially increasing demand powered the industrial revolution across the globe. In the emergingpost-fossil epoch that is beginning now, producers and users of thermal power are considering the use ofbiomass in applications in which the use of fossil hydrocarbons has been dominant – electricitygeneration, heating, transport fuels, organic chemicals, synthetic materials, and synthetic natural gas orSNG.4.1 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BIO-SNG IN THE ENERGY SCENEThe primary energy consumption of the United Kingdom is approximately 10 Exajoules per annum 15 , ofwhich nearly 40% is supplied by natural gas, making gas the UK‟s largest single energy source, with anextensive infrastructure and expertise base.Figure 4.1 Natural gas flow chart 2008 (TWh) 1615 1 Exajoule is 1X10 18 Joules, written conventionally as EJ16 Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistic200921
Page 1 and 2: Bio-SNGFeasibility Study.Establishm
Page 3 and 4: BIO-SNG FEASIBILITY STUDY - ESTABLI
Page 19: BIO-SNG FEASIBILITY STUDY - ESTABLI
Page 39 and 40: Contaminent mg/Nm3 gasContaminent m
Page 53 and 54: Net cost of Bio-SNG without RHI (£
Page 63 and 64: CO2e emissions g/kmCO2e emissions k
Page 65 and 66: Cost of carbon abated (£/te CO2e)B
Page 67 and 68: Cost of carbon abated (£/ te CO2e)
Page 71 and 72:
BIO-SNG FEASIBILITY STUDY - ESTABLI
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99:
show all

Bio-SNG - CNG Services

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?