C Si Ni Cr V Ti Ta Sc Li Sr Zr Fe Cu Zn Sn B Al Ce U Mn Mo Nb Sb

In recent years, technological innovation, growth in clean energy,
increased focus on strategic resource management and the
development of emerging markets has increased the demand on
raw materials. In addition, geopolitical/economic changes are
impacting the supply of critical raw materials.
AMG: Critical, Secure, Connected
AMG’s long-term goal remains unchanged: to provide metallurgical solutions to the growing
trend of sustainable development of natural resources and CO 2 reduction for the Energy, Aerospace,
Infrastructure and Specialty Metals and Chemicals markets. The demand on critical raw
materials and technologies needed to meet this goal is increasing. Structural changes involving
infrastructure growth in emerging economies, natural resource scarcity and control, increasing
demand for safe and secure environmentally responsible energy production and demand for
more fuel efficient transportation continue to evolve. AMG, through vertical integration, seeks to
secure many of the critical materials required to serve these growing end markets. AMG’s unique
market position, with a combination of vacuum technology leadership, recycling services, conversion
activities, and mines, is well positioned to capitalize on the long-term growth of critical raw
materials and technologies.
EU Critical Raw Materials
The European Union (EU) issued the “Critical Raw Materials for the EU” 1 report (“EU Report”) in
June 2010. The EU Report noted that “the EU is highly dependent on imports of ‘high tech’ metals
such as cobalt, platinum, rare earths, and titanium. Such materials play an essential role in the
development of innovative ‘environmental technologies’ for boosting energy efficiency and reducing
greenhouse gas emissions. The EU Report concluded that some raw materials can be considered
to be particularly critical, because of three reasons: their significant economic importance
for key sectors, high supply risks and lack of substitutes”.
AMG’s Secure Supply
AMG believes that its MIBRA mine in Brazil is presently the world’s largest producer of “conflict
free” tantalum, as described in the United States “Conflict Minerals Law”, enacted in July 2010.
This law requires U.S. listed companies to report and make public the use of so-called “conflict
minerals” from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries in their products.
Tantalum is primarily used in capacitors for electronic equipment due to its high capacitance that
can be achieved in a small volume, thus helping enable miniaturization of electronics.
Through its secure contracts with producers of oil from the Canadian Oil Sands, AMG is the
world’s largest recycler of spent catalysts used for the production of ferrovanadium and ferronickel-molybdenum.
Ferrovanadium is a key component in the production of carbon steel used for
infrastructure. FeNiMoly ® is used to create high quality stainless steel and special bar quality steel.
In 2010 AMG acquired significant antimony mining rights and an adjacent antimony metal smelter
in Turkey. The acquisition secured a significant supply of antimony metal used in AMG’s antimony
trioxide operation for the specialty chemical flame retardant market.
Natural graphite from AMG’s mine in Sri Lanka is used to produce a wide variety of products
including insulation for infrastructure and electric motors for transportation.
1 Ad-hoc Working Group on defining critical raw materials Critical raw materials for the EU The ad-hoc Working
Group is a sub-group of the Raw Materials Supply Group and is chaired by the European Commission.
8 AMG: Critical, Secure, Connected